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March 4, 2026 Peace and security

A new wave of violence in the Middle East continues for the fifth day. US and Israeli strikes on Iran have been reported, as have missile and drone attacks by Iran in several countries in the region. The intensifying standoff has raised concerns about further escalation.

The Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran strongly condemned the attacks on Iran carried out by Israel and the United States. In their statement, the experts reminded all parties of the need to strictly adhere to international humanitarian law and international human rights law, including the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution to protect civilians.

The mission also expressed deep concern at reports that schools in Iran have been hit, including attack on a school in the city of Minab, where more than 150 students and teachers were reported killed.

Experts also expressed grave concern over Iran's retaliatory strikes on neighboring countries, warning that they are causing civilian deaths and destruction of civilian infrastructure throughout the region. They warned that further military escalation could lead to further casualties both in Iran and throughout the region, and called for an immediate end to the attacks.

Attacks on medical facilities

World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus warned that the escalating conflict in the Middle East is increasingly straining health services. He expressed regret over the reports of the death of three medical workers and the injury of six others during rescue efforts following explosions in the city of Tyre, Lebanon.

According to the WHO, medical facilities in Iran have also been damaged by the fighting. Explosions near Motahari Hospital in Tehran on March 1 reportedly damaged part of the building, forcing the evacuation of patients and staff. Gandhi Hospital was also damaged. Additionally, according to the WHO, two emergency medical centers in the cities of Sarab and Hamedan were damaged, injuring at least two medical workers.

The WHO emphasized that healthcare facilities must always be protected, especially during crises when medical care is most needed.

Flow of refugees from Lebanon

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), approximately 11,000 people fled Lebanon on Monday amid ongoing Israeli strikes on Hezbollah positions. This is significantly higher than the daily average.

Most of the arrivals are Syrian families, although Lebanese citizens are also among those crossing the border. UNHCR staff are working at border crossings, and humanitarian aid supplies have been pre-positioned in Syria in case of increased numbers of arrivals.

Children are among the main victims

The UN Committee on the Rights of the Child expressed deep alarm over the escalating violence in the Middle East and its grave consequences for children. The experts stated that they were "deeply shocked" by the loss of innocent lives. They called for an immediate ceasefire and safe humanitarian access.

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) also warned that children are increasingly becoming victims of violence in Lebanon. According to the country's Ministry of Health, new airstrikes killed seven children and injured 38 in the past 24 hours. The fighting has also led to mass displacement: nearly 60,000 people, including 18,000 children, were forced to flee their homes in just one day.

UNICEF says it is scaling up emergency assistance, including medical services, psychosocial support and essential supplies, for families sheltering in overcrowded shelters.

Nuclear risks

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said it had seen no damage to sites in Iran containing nuclear material following the recent strikes and that there was currently "no risk of radiological release."

Citing an analysis of recent satellite images, the agency reported damage to two buildings near the nuclear facility in Isfahan. However, no new damage was detected at the Natanz facility, other than the previously reported destruction of the entrance structures. No damage was also recorded at other nuclear facilities, including the Bushehr nuclear power plant.

IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi once again called on the parties to exercise maximum restraint to avoid a radiological incident.

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March 3, 2026 Humanitarian aid

Since the start of the full-scale invasion, more than 6,400 Ukrainian residents have received life-saving treatment abroad as part of the medical evacuation program. The initiative is being implemented by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in cooperation with the European Union and partner governments, with technical and operational support from the World Health Organization (WHO).

"The war creates new challenges for Ukraine's healthcare system every day. Many patients require long-term treatment and rehabilitation," noted Dr. Jarno Habicht, WHO Representative in the country.

Medical evacuation provides access to specialized care—including treatment for severe injuries, cancer, burns, rehabilitation, and prosthetics—when such services are unavailable or limited in Ukraine due to the war. Initially created as an emergency measure, the program has evolved into a long-term mechanism for international support. It not only enables the safe evacuation of patients abroad but also strengthens the Ukrainian healthcare system.

Timely assistance

According to Ukrainian health authorities, thanks to the coordinated efforts of the EU, WHO, and partner countries, patients are receiving timely care in 33 countries. As of early 2026, more than 6,400 patients have received free, high-quality treatment abroad. Nearly 4,000 of them have already returned home and are continuing rehabilitation in local medical facilities.

Behind the dry figures lie real lives. Victoria from Kostiantynivka, Donetsk Oblast, traveled to Norway for a complex operation after a serious injury. "Ukrainian doctors saved my arm, but the muscles were seriously damaged. The surgery had to be performed abroad," she said.

Medical evacuations are carried out through specialized hospital hubs and are carried out almost daily, providing continuous support to Ukrainians in need of specialized care. Igor Pereginets, Director of Health and Emergencies at the WHO Regional Office for Europe, emphasized that the program has demonstrated the effectiveness of international cooperation, even in wartime conditions.

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March 3, 2026 Sustainable Development Goals

UN Secretary-General António Guterres addressed the opening session Independent International Scientific Group on Artificial Intelligence, emphasizing the historic responsibility of the experts tasked by the General Assembly to develop recommendations for the global development of AI.

Congratulating the group members on appointmentThe UN chief noted that the world expects them to provide "clarity" at a time when technology is advancing at an unprecedented pace. He said that if anyone feels that change is happening too quickly today, they should remember: "Never in the future will we move as slowly as we do now."

General understanding

Guterres recalled that back in 2017, when he first took over as UN Secretary-General, the term "artificial intelligence" was rarely mentioned in speeches by world leaders, whereas today AI is rapidly transforming economies and societies. No single country, company, or scientific discipline can see the full picture alone, he emphasized.

“The world urgently needs a common, global understanding of artificial intelligence – based not on ideology, but on science“Not on fake news, but on knowledge,” the Secretary-General said, addressing participants of the meeting, which was held virtually.

An important task

He noted that, given rising geopolitical tensions and ongoing conflicts, independent and authoritative scientific assessments are becoming especially important. The group's objectives include assessing the social and economic impacts of technological solutions that have already been realized. According to the Secretary-General, artificial intelligence will impact peace and security, human rights, and sustainable development—key areas of the UN's work—for decades to come.

Read also:

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The group's work will form the basis of the first annual Global Dialogue on AI Governance. All members of the body act in their personal capacity and provide independent scientific assessments, without representing governments, companies, or the United Nations itself. Conflict-of-interest mechanisms will help ensure the group's recommendations remain impartial and credible, Guterres emphasized.

“I cannot imagine a more important challenge for our world today,” the Secretary-General concluded, assuring the experts of the full support of the UN system.

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March 3, 2026 UN

The top news of the day at the UN and around the world: civilians have been killed as a result of the escalation around Iran, the humanitarian situation in Afghanistan is worsening, the UN is concerned about the situation along the Blue Line between Lebanon and Israel, and shelling in Ukraine continues.

Escalation around Iran

UN spokesman Stéphane Dujarric, citing local authorities and the Iranian Red Crescent, reported that airstrikes in the country have killed approximately 790 people and injured another 750 since Saturday. Several strikes reportedly hit densely populated residential areas, causing damage to civilian infrastructure. In Israel, airstrikes, including those targeting densely populated residential areas, reportedly killed 10 people and injured dozens more, as well as damaging infrastructure. The UN reiterates its call for the protection of civilians and respect for international law.

Afghanistan and Pakistan

Intensification of hostilities on the border of Afghanistan with Pakistan, as well as the escalation related to the crisis surrounding Iran, have led to a deterioration in the humanitarian situation in Afghanistan, according to the World Food Programme (WFP). Clashes on the border with Pakistan have forced approximately 20,000 families in the eastern, southeastern, and southern regions of Afghanistan to flee their homes. In provinces affected by airstrikes, WFP has been forced to temporarily suspend social support, school feeding programs, and livelihood projects.

The situation at the Blue Line

The UN is extremely concerned the situation in the Blue Line area between Israel and Lebanon, the UN spokesperson stated today. Over the past two days, the UN Interim Force in Lebanon has recorded dozens of rocket attacks on Israeli territory, for which Hezbollah claimed responsibility, as well as Israeli strikes on Lebanese territory. On Tuesday morning, peacekeepers observed brief crossings of the Blue Line by Israel Defense Forces troops in several areas. The UN calls on all parties to exercise maximum restraint and prevent further deterioration of the situation.

Shelling of Ukraine

UN humanitarian agencies report that shelling in Ukraine over the past five days has resulted in civilian casualties and further destruction of residential buildings, energy, and transport infrastructure. Following the attacks, humanitarian partners quickly provided assistance to residents of Kramatorsk, Kharkiv, Odesa, and Mykolaiv, providing housing repair materials, hot meals, psychosocial support, and cash assistance. Nearly 1,000 people have been evacuated from the Donetsk region over the past five days. In Kharkiv, more than 500 people, including dozens of children, arrived at two transit centers after being evacuated from frontline areas.

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March 3, 2026 Peace and security

On the fourth day of escalation in the Middle East, the UN called for the protection of civilians and warned of growing humanitarian needs and displacement.

Ravina Shamdasani, spokesperson for the UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR), recalled Saturday's attack on a girls' primary school in the city of Minab in southern Iran. More than 160 people, including schoolgirls and school staff, were killed and dozens were injured.

"Children, little girls… were killed like this at the start of the school day. Backpacks with blood on them—it's absolutely horrific," she said.

"If there are any images that capture the essence of the destruction, despair, senselessness and brutality of this conflict, it is these images," Shamdasani added.

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk is "deeply appalled" by the impact of the fighting on civilians. He called for an "immediate, impartial, and comprehensive investigation" into the circumstances of the attack in Minab.

"The responsibility for the investigation lies with the forces that carried out this attack. We call on them to make their findings public and to do everything possible to ensure those responsible are held accountable," Shamdasani emphasized.

If it is established that the strikes were directed specifically at civilians or were indiscriminate, then this would constitute “a serious violation of international humanitarian law and could amount to a war crime,” the OHCHR representative noted.

The situation of Iranians

Shamdasani expressed concern about the situation of Iranians, "given the authorities' practice of using lethal force on a large scale against those who oppose their rule, as well as new threats from senior officials against any manifestation of dissent in the current period."

She called on authorities to ensure the protection of fundamental freedoms for Iranian citizens and condemned the public's limited access to information amid the nationwide internet shutdown.

Shamdasani also noted that in addition to Iran and Israel, the fighting has affected 12 other countries, where homes, businesses, airports, and energy infrastructure have been destroyed.

Population displacement in Lebanon

In Lebanon, the Hezbollah armed movement has entered the conflict, prompting Israeli strikes. "Large-scale population displacement is reported in several areas of southern Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and the southern suburbs of Beirut," said Babar Baloch, a spokesman for the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR).

Israel issued evacuation warnings to residents of more than 53 Lebanese villages in three areas and launched intensive airstrikes against them, he said.

As of Monday, "almost 30,000 people were registered in collective temporary accommodation centers," Baloch said.

"Many others spent the night in their cars on the side of the road or were still stuck in traffic after leaving the south towards Beirut," he added.

Israeli ground forces entered southern Lebanon on Tuesday following Hezbollah strikes in northern Israel, according to media reports.

A UNHCR representative stressed that many of the countries affected by the conflict “already host millions of refugees and internally displaced persons.”

Further escalation of violence and new waves of displacement could, he said, place an unbearable burden on host communities.

Supply chain disruptions

Serious disruptions to the transportation of goods due to the ever-increasing fighting in the region are already impacting humanitarian supply routes.

The UN World Food Programme (WFP) regional director for the Middle East and North Africa, Samer Abdel-Jaber, said disruptions to supplies through the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea would increase costs for most WFP operations that depend on these routes.

“In a climate where the seas are becoming a contested zone and airspace is closing, we are looking at adapting and leveraging the networks of our suppliers in other countries – such as Turkey, Egypt, Jordan and Pakistan – and supporting land corridors,” he said.

The WFP representative added that Egyptian ports and the Suez Canal are key hubs for supporting our organization's operations in the Gaza Strip, as well as in Sudan.

Abdel-Jaber noted that Israel's decision to close Gaza's border crossings after the outbreak of hostilities on Saturday had caused serious concern, but news emerged on Tuesday that the Kerem Shalom crossing would soon reopen.

According to media reports, the crossing on the southern border of the sector did indeed open on Tuesday.

"This is very timely for us and we need to get the aid out as quickly as possible," Abdel-Jaber said.

“We only have enough wheat flour to last ten days, and food parcels will only support our programs for two and a half weeks… We need to ensure a continuous and scalable flow of food to the Gaza Strip,” he concluded.

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March 2, 2026 UN

The top news of the day at the UN and around the world: the head of the IAEA warns of a nuclear threat due to the escalation in the Middle East, the International Maritime Organization calls on all shipping companies to exercise maximum caution in the Strait of Hormuz, clashes continue on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and the UN expresses concern about the escalation of violence in Sudan.

Middle East: Nuclear Threat

Amid escalating violence in the Middle East, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi called for a return to diplomacy. He addressed the agency's Board of Governors in Vienna. According to Grossi, there are currently no signs of damage to any of Iran's nuclear facilities. Radiation levels in countries bordering Iran remained within normal limits. Nevertheless, Grossi warned of a growing nuclear threat, as Iran, like many other countries in the region that have been attacked, has nuclear facilities.

Strait of Hormuz

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is closely monitoring the situation in the Strait of Hormuz and urges all shipping companies to exercise extreme caution. Where possible, vessels should avoid transiting the affected region until conditions improve, according to a statement from IMO Secretary-General Arsenio Dominguez. The Strait of Hormuz, located between Oman and Iran, is a vital artery for global trade, handling more than 20 percent of global oil and gas shipments.

Afghanistan/Pakistan

The UN Mission in Afghanistan reports that clashes with Pakistani forces continue along the country's border. The mission reports civilian casualties. Due to the conflict in the border area, restrictions on movement have been imposed, preventing humanitarian organizations from fully carrying out their operations. Afghans returning from Pakistan are particularly vulnerable. The mission also warns that a sharp increase in the number of returnees is expected in the Afghan-Iranian border area.

Escalating violence in Sudan

The UN is concerned about the escalation of violence in Sudan's Kordofan region and Blue Nile State, where intense fighting continues, harming civilians and hindering the delivery of humanitarian aid. Since last Friday, drone attacks have intensified in El Obeid, the capital of North Kordofan State. In South Kordofan, clashes continue in and around the town of Dilling. In Blue Nile State, the town of Kurmuk has been subjected to intense drone attacks over the past two weeks. A school was reportedly destroyed.

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March 2, 2026 Peace and security

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) on Monday called on states to strictly adhere to the principles and provisions of the 1944 Convention on International Civil Aviation.

In the face of growing risks to aviation, the organization emphasizes that the safety and security of civil aviation must remain an absolute priority, and that aviation itself must serve the cause of global peace and prosperity.

State responsibility

ICAO reiterated that countries bear direct responsibility for the safety of air travel, infrastructure, and passengers, and the Convention obliges them to cooperate with each other. The current regulatory framework provides for the closure of airspace in the event of a safety threat—a key mechanism for protecting crews and passengers.

The organization stated that it will continue to support states in developing and implementing measures to mitigate risks and minimize disruptions to international air travel. "No compromise on safety is acceptable," the statement said.

Coordination of actions in conflict situations

In cases where airspace is affected by conflict and international air routes are disrupted, ICAO activates regional and interregional coordination mechanisms. These formats bring together conflict-affected and neighboring countries, air navigation service providers, airlines, and other industry participants.

The main objective of the actions is to ensure the exchange of information, the harmonization of procedures and the maintenance of the safe and orderly movement of international air traffic in accordance with the Annex "Air Traffic Management" to the Convention.

Risk assessment in conflict zones

ICAO recalled that, in accordance with UN General Assembly Resolution A42-4, adopted unanimously last year, assessing risks to civil aviation in conflict zones is the sole responsibility of States, their air navigation services, and air carriers. The Organization facilitates the fulfillment of these responsibilities by ensuring the exchange of information, expert support, and the promotion of coordinated risk mitigation measures.

ICAO emphasized that, in accordance with the mandate of the Convention, it does not comment on issues concerning individual States, maintaining institutional neutrality.

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March 2, 2026 Peace and security

The UN Security Council met on Monday for a meeting on "Children, Technology, and Education in Conflict." The meeting was opened by Melania Trump, First Lady of the United States of America, which holds the rotating presidency of the Security Council in March.

Addressing the Security Council, Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs Rosemary DiCarlo warned that one in five children in the world – that's 473 million children – lives in a conflict zone or is forced to flee war.

DiCarlo recalled that the number of armed conflicts worldwide has reached its highest level since World War II. According to the UN, the number of grave violations against children verified by the Organization increased by 25 percent between 2023 and 2024. The incidence of rape and other forms of sexual violence increased by 35 percent.

The UN Deputy Secretary-General noted that in recent days, schools in Israel, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman have been closed and switched to distance learning due to military operations in the region. There have also been reports of the deaths of possibly dozens of children in an attack on a primary school in the city of Minab, Iran.

Education as a lifesaver

Conflicts deprive the younger generation of access to education and future prospects, DiCarlo emphasized.

"In a violent environment, schools often remain the only safe space," she noted. Education protects children from recruitment, trafficking, and exploitation, and provides access to hygiene, psychosocial support, and other basic services.

Nevertheless, educational infrastructure continues to be attacked. In 2024, the UN confirmed 2,374 attacks on schools and hospitals. The largest number of attacks were recorded against educational and medical facilities in Ukraine, Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territory, and Haiti.

DiCarlo reminded about Security Council resolution 2601 (2021), which calls on parties to conflicts to immediately cease attacks on schools, children and teachers and to respect the right to education in accordance with international humanitarian law.

The speaker also paid tribute to the First Lady of the United States for her work in raising awareness of the problems of children in conflict, and "especially for her personal involvement in reuniting Ukrainian children with their families."

Technology as a tool for access to learning

With infrastructure crumbling and teachers short – there is a 44 million teacher shortage in conflict zones – digital technologies can be a vital tool for ensuring continuous learning, a UN official said.

She cited examples of initiatives by the Organization and its partners. For example, the "Learning Passport," developed jointly by UNICEF and Microsoft, provides 10 million children in 47 countries with access to a mobile educational platform.

Another program, implemented by the Vodafone Foundation in partnership with the UN Refugee Agency, provides internally displaced people and teachers with access to digital educational content in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan. In Afghanistan, UNESCO is using digital technologies to support home and community-based learning, where 2.2 million girls are excluded from the education system.

Risks in the digital environment

DiCarlo emphasized that technology also carries risks. Children in conflict situations are particularly vulnerable to online threats such as exploitation, human trafficking, and radicalization. recruitment into armed groups and cyberbullying.

She called for strengthening legal and policy mechanisms to protect children's rights in the digital space in accordance with international law, and also emphasized the special responsibility of technology companies to ensure the safety of users, especially children and young people.

Conflict prevention is the main defense

Of additional concern is the decline in funding: funding for education in emergencies has fallen by 24 percent, despite growing needs. DiCarlo emphasized that the most effective way to protect children is to prevent and stop wars.

"Building peace is at the core of the United Nations," she said. "We must work together to achieve this goal."

Melania Trump called for promoting peace through education and technology.

Speaking to the UN Security Council, First Lady Melania Trump called on world leaders to prioritize education and access to technology as the foundation of lasting peace and global security.

Opening her speech with condolences to the families who have lost loved ones in conflicts around the world, she expressed solidarity with the wounded and emphasized her support for children affected by war. "The United States stands with all children around the world," she said.

Trump emphasized that sustainable peace depends on knowledge and mutual understanding, warning that societies that restrict access to education risk instability and conflict. Calling education a fundamental human right, she noted that when children are deprived of the opportunity to learn, society pays a high price.

She also highlighted the transformative role of artificial intelligence and digital access in democratising knowledge and called on countries to bridge the technological divide.

"The path to peace depends on empowering our children through education and technology," she concluded.

France on the use of technology by armed groups

French Ambassador to the UN Jérôme Bonnafon thanked the First Lady of the United States for her mediation role, which facilitated the return of Ukrainian children forcibly removed to the Russian Federation. He also noted that Russian drone attacks are having an extremely negative impact on the lives of Ukrainian children.

"Today's debate is the focus of the Security Council," he said, calling on the Council to prevent the use of new technologies to undermine international security.

According to the diplomat, they are increasingly being used by armed groups, leading to increased violence. Children are the primary victims, he said.

Bonnafon stressed that, in coordination with all stakeholders, the Council should continue its work on the agendas of children and armed conflict, as well as youth, peace and security.

Russia advocates for the protection of children

Russia's Permanent Representative to the UN, Vasily Nebenzya, stated that his country "consistently advocates for the comprehensive protection of minors and respect for the civilian nature of educational infrastructure." He added that the Russian Armed Forces strictly adhere to international humanitarian law when conducting military operations.

He also said that children in the Belgorod region were forced to study online due to attacks last year, and that in the last week alone, Russian schools "have been attacked by the Ukrainian armed forces five times."

He called reports of 20,000 abducted Ukrainian children a "disinformation, false, and disgusting campaign," emphasizing that Russia is working to reunite minors with their families who lost contact as a result of the conflict. "Qatar, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and the Vatican are assisting us in this process," Nebenzya added.

He noted that the Russian side highly values the personal efforts of the US First Lady "on this issue in the context of the situation around Ukraine." "[We] continue to maintain constructive interaction through our children's ombudsman and look forward to further fruitful cooperation," the diplomat said.

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