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September 21, 2025 Healthcare

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60–70 percent of all cases. Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia are the seventh leading cause of death worldwide.

September 21 is International Alzheimer's Awareness Day. It is held with the support of the WHO. The goal of the day is to draw attention to this serious problem.

According to the WHO, Alzheimer's disease is most prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, which have the least capacity to cope with this burden.

Due to the accelerating aging of the population, the incidence of dementia, and Alzheimer's disease in particular, is expected to rise rapidly. This increases the burden on healthcare systems and leads to significant economic losses.

Alzheimer's disease leads to a loss of independence. The costs of caring for the sick are enormous, according to the WHO.

It is impossible to completely prevent Alzheimer's disease, but you can reduce your risk of developing it, particularly by monitoring your condition and leading a healthy lifestyle.

There is currently no cure, but there are methods that help slow its progression and alleviate symptoms.

The WHO calls for research to better understand prevention options. The same risk factors associated with heart disease, cancer, and diabetes can often also increase the risk of developing dementia, and Alzheimer's disease in particular.

The WHO also notes the need to train medical personnel who can detect the disease at early stages.

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Evgeniya Kleshcheva

September 21, 2025 Peace and security

Today, September 21, the UN celebrates International Day of PeaceEach year, the United Nations invites us to pause and reflect on how each of us can contribute to building a more just and secure future.

In the lead-up to Peace Day and the opening of the High-Level Week, roundtable discussions were held at the Organization's headquarters in New York, where university students and schoolchildren shared their thoughts on what peace means – and what actions the younger generation can take.

"The most important thing for us is to find peace within ourselves so as not to create more violence, because violence only begets more violence. Death begets death, and the cycle continues. Each of us plays a role in breaking this cycle," Isaiah Sohn, a political science student at Lehigh University, told the UN News Service. He explained that the path to peace lies through empathy and the ability to see the humanity in others.

"It starts with simple things: the ability to show empathy, the willingness to see others as people, not enemies, the recognition that everyone has weaknesses and mistakes, but no one is completely bad. When we recognize our common humanity, it becomes possible to build peace—together," he explained.

Peace is an achievable goal

United Nations News Service

Ibtihal Ghassem, who studies international relations and political science, added: "For me, peace is a goal we can and should all strive for, although there is a misconception that peace is a utopia. It is believed that complete peace is impossible to achieve. But it is precisely this belief that holds us back."

According to her, personal growth is impossible without the support of society, just as society cannot develop without the contribution of each of us.

“Peace can be sought everywhere – in our personal lives, in our studies, on university campuses, in our families, or among friends,” she explained.

Students emphasize that when we learn to support and inspire each other, small steps turn into big changes, and this is how a culture of peace is born.

"Hear us"

Today, the "Hear Us. Act Now for a Peaceful World" initiative is being launched at UN Headquarters in New York. Its goal is to create more space for the voices of the younger generation. People under 30 make up half the world's population, yet their role in peacebuilding is often undervalued.

The campaign, organized by the UN in collaboration with partners and youth organizations, will continue throughout the year. As part of the initiative, representatives of different generations are currently participating in the "Circle of Peace" in the media area at UN Headquarters. The event brings together young activists and world leaders for a frank conversation about how to overcome mistrust, polarization, and disunity.

Bold actions

This year the theme of the Day is – "Act now for peace".

In his message, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres He emphasized that the global situation demands urgent and bold action. "Our warring planet cries out for peace. This year, on International Peace Day, each of us must heed this call," he said.

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September 19, 2025 UN

The main news of the day at the UN and around the world: the murder of Israelis on the border with Jordan, the Security Council decision on the sanctions regime against Iran, the General Assembly resolution on the participation of Palestinian representatives, the agreement on marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdictions.

Attack on the Jordan-Israel border

The UN Secretary-General strongly condemns the attack at the border crossing between Israel and Jordan. Yesterday, two Israelis were killed by a Jordanian truck driver carrying humanitarian aid destined for Gaza. The UN chief emphasizes the need for humanitarian and impartial assistance efforts. He called on all parties to facilitate the rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian supplies along all routes, as well as to exercise maximum restraint and avoid actions that could further escalate tensions.

Sanctions against Iran

UN Security Council could not pass the resolution, which proposed blocking the restoration of sanctions against Iran. If the international community fails to reach an agreement on this issue within the next ten days, sanctions will be reinstated on September 28. As a reminder, on August 28, the foreign ministers of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom sent a letter to the Security Council notifying the activation of the "rapid response mechanism" provided for in the 2015 nuclear deal. Sanctions are then to be reinstated within 30 days. Today's draft resolution was an attempt to block this scenario.

Participation of Palestine in the UN General Assembly

UN General Assembly adopted a resolution, concerning "the participation of the State of Palestine in the work of the 80th session." Specifically, Palestinian representatives are given the opportunity to speak via video link in the General Assembly hall or at any high-level event. The document was adopted with 145 votes in favor; five countries, including the United States, voted against, and six abstained. Previously, the United States, as the host country for UN bodies, revoked the visas of Palestinian officials before the opening of the 80th session of the General Assembly.

Marine biodiversity

Today, the Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea reached the required number of ratifications for entry into force. The UN Secretary-General welcomed this historic achievement, noting that the agreement establishes binding rules for the conservation of marine biodiversity, the equitable sharing of benefits from it, the establishment of protected areas, and the advancement of science.

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September 19, 2025 International law

The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution on Friday resolution, concerning the "participation of the State of Palestine in the work of the 80th session." Specifically, Palestinian representatives who were denied U.S. visas are given the opportunity to speak via video link in the General Assembly hall or at any high-level event. The document was adopted with 145 votes in favor; five countries, including the United States, voted against, and six abstained.

The US is against

Speaking before the vote, US Representative Jonathan Schreier said: "The US opposition to this resolution should come as no surprise. The Trump administration has made it clear: we must hold the PLO [Palestinian Liberation Organization] and the Palestinian Authority accountable for failing to fulfill their obligations under the Oslo Accords."

He stressed that the Palestinian side “is not a reliable partner in the peace process” and also called for an end to “attempts to internationalize the conflict through judicial campaigns, including appeals to the International Criminal Court and International Court of Justice, and efforts for unilateral recognition of a hypothetical Palestinian state."

China on "isolation of the United States"

China's Deputy Permanent Representative to the UN, Geng Shuang, called the US position "unbalanced." "The United States has long maintained an unbalanced position on the Palestinian issue, consistently resisting efforts by the General Assembly and the Security Council to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza and covering up the occupying power's flagrant violations of international law," the diplomat noted.

He recalled that the day before, the United States had once again blocked a Security Council resolution on Gaza, using its veto for the eighth time since the conflict began in October 2023. "Today's vote results once again exposed the United States' rude and unjustified decision and its isolation in the international community," the diplomat emphasized.

Palestine's reaction

Palestine's Permanent Representative to the UN, Riyad Mansour, thanked most countries for their "crystal clear position," drawing attention to the obligations of the host country under the UN Headquarters Agreement, in particular regarding the issuance of visas.

“Agreeing or disagreeing with the host country on individual issues does not give it the right to abuse its powers by depriving us of the opportunity to obtain visas and personally participate in work with other delegations on issues of importance to the international community, including the Palestinian issue,” Mansour said.

Visa situation

The vote took place amid a challenging visa situation: the United States, as the host country for UN agencies, revoked the visas of Palestinian officials before the opening of the 80th session of the General Assembly. The session's general debates, as a reminder, will take place on September 23–27 and September 29.

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September 19, 2025 Peace and security

On Friday morning, the UN Security Council failed to adopt a resolution that would have blocked the restoration of sanctions against Iran. If the international community fails to reach an agreement on this issue within the next ten days, sanctions will be reinstated on September 28.

The resolution proposing not to impose sanctions was supported by four delegations (Algeria, China, Pakistan and Russia), while nine countries (Denmark, France, Greece, Panama, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Somalia, the United Kingdom and the United States) were against it, and two – Guyana and South Korea – abstained.

As a reminder, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on Iran's nuclear program was adopted in 2015 following lengthy negotiations involving China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, the European Union, and Iran itself. The Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2231 (2015), endorsing the JCPOA.

The deal provided for restrictions on Iran's nuclear program in exchange for the lifting of previously imposed sanctions. The agreement included a so-called "rapid response mechanism" for sanctions should the parties deem Iran to be in default.

On August 28, the foreign ministers of three countries – France, Germany, and the United Kingdom – sent a letter to the Security Council notifying them of the activation of the "rapid response mechanism" provided for in the 2015 nuclear deal. Sanctions are then to be lifted within 30 days. Today's resolution, which the Security Council rejected, was an attempt to block this scenario.

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September 19, 2025 Peace and security

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is providing nuclear safety support at a Formula 1 race for the first time. The Grand Prix kicked off in Baku today, September 19.

IAEA experts previously visited the capital of Azerbaijan, where they, along with specialists from France and the UAE, consulted with the event organizers and discussed the use of more than 100 radiation monitoring devices.

"Major events are prime targets for criminals, including those potentially using nuclear and other radioactive materials," emphasized IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi. "By expanding our nuclear security support to the fast-paced world of motorsport, we are expanding our vigilance, helping countries close critical gaps and ensure public safety."

Elena Buglova, Director of the IAEA's Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, reiterated the agency's systematic work: "Over the past two decades, the IAEA has been at the forefront of integrating nuclear safety protocols into traditional public events—efforts that ensure the safety of millions of people," she said. "Behind the scenes, events like Formula 1 racing have a consistent approach that recognizes nuclear safety as a fundamental part of the overall package of measures before and during the events themselves."

The IAEA previously supported Azerbaijan at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP29) and will continue to cooperate with the country during the CIS Games in November and the World Urban Forum in 2026. Since 2004, the agency has supported the nuclear safety of 88 major events in 49 countries; in 2023, the Nuclear Safety Training and Demonstration Centre in Seibersdorf, Austria, opened.

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September 19, 2025 Humanitarian aid

Women and girls affected by the devastating earthquake in Afghanistan require additional support from the international community, UN Women announced on Friday.

“Although the aftershocks have mostly ended, without providing emergency assistance "Women in the affected areas will face a long-term crisis," Susan Ferguson, UN Women's special representative in Afghanistan, said at a briefing in Geneva.

The work of lifeguards

According to Ferguson, one of the rescuers supported by the agency described how she had to navigate mountain slopes, "dodging falling rocks every time there was an aftershock." Another woman who joined rescue teams with the organization's support noted that women in the affected areas had no other way to ask for help, as they were forbidden from speaking to men.

Rescuers had to traverse extremely difficult terrain, often on foot, to reach the most remote communities in Kunar province. At least 2,200 people died when homes built on steep slopes collapsed at midnight on August 31.

Large-scale losses

Following her meeting with women living in tents in central Kunar province, Ferguson noted that they will soon need more secure shelter as temperatures begin to drop.

These women left their village in the middle of the night when an earthquake occurred"After walking for hours to find temporary shelter," she said. "They told us they didn't know the fate of their loved ones, many of whom were still trapped under the rubble. They had lost their homes, their livelihoods, and their sources of income. As one woman put it, 'Now we have nothing.'"

The role of women in humanitarian efforts

Humanitarian response after disaster complicates ban by de facto authorities, which came into force on September 5, on the employment of Afghan female staff and contractors in UN offices in Kabul.

"Nevertheless, women and men involved in the humanitarian response can still work in earthquake-affected areas. And this is truly crucial, something that, incidentally, has been acknowledged as such by the de facto authorities themselves," explained a UN Women representative.

Read also:

The Night the Mountains Tremble: A Doctor's Story on the Front Lines in Afghanistan

Women and girls accounted for more than half of those killed and injured in the disaster. They also account for 60 percent of those missing. Many survivors continue to live in tents or outdoors.

Aid priorities

The priority for humanitarian agencies remains medical assistance to the victims, including finding a sufficient number of women who will be able to provide services to local residentsIn some areas, cultural norms meant women were reluctant to be touched by men, and men, in turn, were reluctant to touch women during rescue efforts, Ferguson said.

The destruction of basic infrastructure has increased the risk of violence, with women and girls forced to walk longer distances to find toilets or water, putting them at risk of attacks and landmines.

"In their everyday lives, in this cultural context, these women already face a difficult daily struggle to survive while trying to support their families," Ferguson emphasized. "Now, in the chaos of the earthquake, it will be even more difficult for them to feed their children and find a safe place to live."

According to satellite data analyzed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), more than 649,000 tons of debris still need to be removed—40,500 trucks would be needed to remove this volume of waste. An estimated 23,000 people have been displaced from their homes.

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September 19, 2025 UN

Ahead of the UN General Assembly High-Level Week, the Secretary-General addressed world leaders, warning that the "global crisis" – by which he means war, climate change, inequality and technological risks – requires urgent and coordinated action.

“We are facing a global crisis: conflicts are multiplying, and geopolitical differences are preventing their effective resolution,” he said. Antonio Guterres in an interview with the United Nations News Service conducted by Melissa Fleming, Director of the Department of Global Communications.

There is a feeling of impunity – each country believes that it can do whatever it pleases

"A sense of impunity has emerged – every country believes it can do whatever it pleases," the UN chief noted. "Meanwhile, developing countries are facing enormous challenges. Many are drowning in debt, unable to access the soft financing needed for economic recovery. Inequality is growing."

The need for global cooperation

The Secretary-General stressed that the UN seeks to mobilise international cooperation across a range of areas.

"Climate change is unchecked," he said. "We are receiving multiple signals indicating that it will be extremely difficult for us to achieve the main goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (the threshold set by the 2015 Paris Agreement – editor's note)."

The Secretary-General warned that while emerging technologies have significant potential, they can increase polarisation in society and fuel hatred, so regulation is needed that "preserves human agency and makes technology a force for good."

António Guterres noted that the upcoming General Assembly session should lead to countries making commitments in key areas, including reducing emissions, reforming the international financial system and strengthening multilateralism.

The UN chief called on world leaders to "turn the tide" and support reform of the global financial architecture for greater justice and equality.

Focus on the Middle East

Peace and security issues will also be at the center of discussions at the General Assembly session. The Secretary-General expressed hope for clear international support for a two-state solution to resolve the conflict between Israel and Palestine, as well as for immediate action to address the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

The carnage taking place in Gaza must stop.

"The carnage taking place in Gaza must stop," he stressed. "We need an immediate ceasefire and the immediate release of all hostages."

During the interview, António Guterres also drew attention to Sudan and other "forgotten conflicts," calling on the Security Council to stand united in preventing further suffering.

"I am determined"

Guterres assured that his commitment to combating climate change remains unchanged.

"Every country must present a new climate plan that includes drastic emissions reductions. This is necessary to avoid a state of irreversibility that would lead to a catastrophe of colossal proportions for people around the world," the Secretary-General said, noting that the most vulnerable countries, including small island states and Africa, face disproportionate risks.

“I’m neither an optimist nor a pessimist – I’m determined,” António Guterres said at the end of the interview. “We must remain hopeful and not give up until we achieve our goals.”

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September 18, 2025 Peace and security

The United States on Thursday vetoed a draft UN Security Council resolution proposed by the 10 non-permanent members that would have demanded an immediate, unconditional and permanent ceasefire in Gaza and the immediate release of all hostages.

Amid growing hunger, the document also called for the lifting of Israeli restrictions on humanitarian aid and called on the occupying power to ensure the safe and unhindered distribution of aid to all those in need.

The material is being updated

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September 18, 2025 Healthcare

Estonia has achieved a significant reduction premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) – cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and others. It was among the top ten countries in the WHO European Region to achieve the 2025 target of reducing NCD mortality by 25 percent. With limited resources, the country demonstrated that consistent policies and intersectoral collaboration can yield results.

Tobacco and alcohol

Since 2014, a national strategy has been in effect, including strict bans on flavored tobacco, remote sales, and tobacco advertising. These measures have reduced smoking rates. However, new problems have emerged, such as nicotine products for youth.

The authorities increased excise taxes on alcohol and restricted advertising and sales. Alcohol consumption declined, but increased again after taxes were relaxed in 2019. Excise taxes will be increased again starting in 2024.

Fighting obesity

IN fight against obesity Progress has been more modest: free school meals, physical activity programs, and "fruit initiatives" have only partially curbed the rise in obesity. Attempts to impose a tax on sugary drinks have failed, and instead, agreements are being reached with manufacturers to reduce sugar and salt content. However, as former Health Minister Riina Sikkut notes, "self-regulation is ineffective: about 70 percent of advertising directed at children violates agreements."

Primary health care

A strong primary care system with no co-pays has become key to reducing cardiovascular mortality. Treatment guidelines and affordable medications (such as statins) ensure equal access to therapy. In the future, there are plans to include dietitians in family physician teams.

The situation in the world

On September 18, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a new report, "Saving Lives, Spending Less," which found that an additional investment of just three dollars per person annually in tackling noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) could generate economic benefits of up to one trillion dollars by 2030.

At the same time, WHO published a new analysis of countries' progress in reducing NCD mortality between 2010 and 2019. While 82 percent of countries achieved reductions during this period, the rate of progress slowed significantly in most regions, and in some countries, NCD mortality rates have begun to rise again.

Read also:

Kazakhstan's achievements in the fight against cardiovascular diseases and cancer are noted in a WHO report.

NCDs remain the leading cause of death in the world, with over a billion people living with mental health disorders. Particularly alarming is that nearly 75 percent of deaths related to NCDs and mental health occur in low- and middle-income countries, where 32 million people die from these causes annually.

In just a few days – on September 25, 2025 – heads of state and government will gather in New York for the Fourth High-Level Meeting of the UN General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of NCDs and Promoting Mental Health and Well-being. The goal of the meeting is to adopt an ambitious Political Declaration that will accelerate global action and investment in these key areas of health and development.

“Noncommunicable diseases and mental health conditions are silent killers […],” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “We have the tools to save lives and alleviate suffering. Countries like Denmark, the Republic of Korea, and Moldova are leading the way, while others are lagging behind. Investing in the fight against NCDs is not only sound economics, but also essential for societal prosperity.”

Lessons from Estonia

Experts from the WHO Regional Office for Europe are urging other countries in the region to take a closer look at Estonia's experience. Specifically, they are focusing on strengthening cooperation between various ministries and agencies, aligning national and European policies, taking into account political realities and engaging with public opinion, as well as relying on scientific data and ensuring transparency in this process.

Estonia faces many challenges along the way, but continues to implement effective measures. The country's experience shows that even a small country can achieve significant success in the fight against NCDs and serve as a role model for others.

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