Translation. Region: Russian Federation –
Source: United Nations – United Nations –
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March 10, 2026 Peace and security
Attacks on civilian infrastructure in the Middle East—along with the expansion of attacks to new areas—are increasing the risks for populations throughout the region and beyond, warns UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk.
He condemned the large-scale attacks on residential areas and vital civilian infrastructure, including medical and educational institutions, cultural heritage sites, and water and energy systems. Türk emphasized that international humanitarian law requires the protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure under all circumstances.
"All parties are obligated to comply with these rules and must be held accountable if they are violated. The entire world is watching," the High Commissioner added.
Attacks on vital infrastructure
A desalination plant and fuel facilities in Iran were reportedly hit over the weekend, causing an oil spill and fires along road drainage systems. On Qeshm Island in Hormozgan Province, a strike on a desalination plant reportedly disrupted the water supply to at least 30 villages.
The Iranian Red Crescent Society also warned that rainfall in the country could become "hazardous and acidic" and cause chemical burns and serious lung damage.
"I am deeply concerned about the impacts of these oil fires on human health and the environment, including possible acid rain pollution," Turk said.
According to him, the expected consequences for the civilian population and the environment raise serious questions about compliance with the principles of proportionality and precaution enshrined in international humanitarian law.
Risks for the region and the global economy
Attacks in the region have already caused civilian casualties and damage to civilian infrastructure, including a desalination plant in Bahrain that provides water to a significant portion of the population.
Turk warned that a "spiral of mutual blows" could lead to even more serious consequences.
According to him, the crisis is already having an impact beyond the region. Migrant workers in the Gulf countries are facing a dire situation – some have already died or been injured, while others are "trapped" and unable to return home. Remittances, which are crucial for the well-being of their families back home, have also been disrupted.
Decline in commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz affects access to energy, food and fertilizers in many countries around the world.
A sharp rise in oil prices, Türk warned, could negatively impact macroeconomic and social stability, especially in countries already facing debt problems. In this context, he emphasized the importance of investing in renewable energy sources.
Freedom of expression
The High Commissioner also expressed concern about reports of detentions and harassment of people in a number of countries for expressing views on the conflict.
He reminded all States that international law obliges them to respect and protect the right to freedom of expression, including in times of crisis.
"All those arbitrarily detained must be immediately and unconditionally released," Türk stressed.
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