Rosneft has announced the winners of its chemistry educational projects.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Rosneft – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Novokuibyshevsk Petrochemical Company (part of Rosneft's oil refining and petrochemical complex) announced the results of a competition for methodological developments for school chemistry teachers. The project's goal is to select and support the best methods aimed at fostering student interest in the in-depth study of chemistry. The competition will help implement best practices in supplementary education in schools in the Samara Region.

The competition jury noted the high creative and professional potential of the region's teaching community. Six projects were selected as winners, designed to address educational and career guidance challenges, engaging students in the subject matter and facilitating their informed choice of future profession.

Among the winners was the original program "Let's Chemistry Together," which focused on conducting experiments and developing schoolchildren's skills in chemical analysis and the use of digital equipment.

The "Entertaining Chemistry" program is a course that develops an understanding of chemical processes at the everyday level, which can be the first step toward a career in the food or petrochemical industries.

The "From Test Tube to Production" project offers a ready-made engineering workshop where high school students assume the roles of technologists and solve cases from petrochemical plants. The course develops systems engineering thinking, which is essential for future technologists.

The "Novokuibyshevsk. Chemistry. Science. Catalysts" program creates an educational ecosystem of "school-factory-research institute." Students are immersed in the industrial and scientific environment of their hometown, and engineers and scientists share their knowledge and experience with future specialists.

"Oil and Gas: From Production to Refining" is a career guidance project that covers the entire production cycle, from geological exploration and drilling to petrochemicals and logistics. The course develops a holistic understanding of the oil and gas industry and inspires students to pursue engineering careers.

By supporting the best educational initiatives, the Company promotes the implementation of modern educational technologies and teaching materials. The presented methods and innovative solutions are aimed at developing engineering thinking skills in adolescents and expanding the range of tools for practical and laboratory chemistry classes.

By developing youth interest in the sciences, the Company is contributing to the region's future and laying the foundation for technological breakthroughs in the country.

Reference:

The Novokuibyshevsk Petrochemical Company's popular science festival, "Park of Sciences," aims to develop children's and adolescents' interest in scientific knowledge and innovation, and to communicate the importance of natural sciences in an accessible manner.

The company has been holding the festival in Novokuibyshevsk since 2015, with over 5,000 schoolchildren participating. The petrochemists engage children in natural sciences by organizing engaging hands-on experiments and workshops that expand the scope of the school curriculum.

In 2025, the educational project "Park of Sciences" was included in the collection of "50 best projects" of the National Award in the field of public relations development "Silver Archer".

Department of Information and Advertising of PJSC NK Rosneft December 17, 2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Media: A trip to China is an unforgettable journey of a lifetime

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

On November 25, Paula Gulin, a Brazilian tourism industry worker, published an article on the website Gazeta, sharing her impressions of her trip to China. She wrote:

Over the course of several weeks, I visited many cities in China. This trip profoundly changed me. I saw a China I'd never read about in travel guides: calm and elegant.

The clean, tidy cities and hospitable people pleasantly surprised me. I used to think I knew a thing or two about China, but now I have a whole new understanding. In Xi'an, the terracotta warriors and horses, as well as the starting point of the Silk Road, revealed China's profound ancient culture. These moments, connected to the past, inspire great respect in me.

Modern transportation infrastructure, comfortable high-speed trains, and countless skyscrapers showcase a futuristic China. Traveling through China allows you to simultaneously explore its past and future.

A tour of Beijing's hutongs is like a fascinating history lesson, like opening a living book about China.

Surrounded by rice fields, Longji Village in Guilin is tranquil and natural, connecting me with nature.

As for the world-famous Great Wall of China, I not only climbed it, but also practiced tai chi there. Those slow and precise movements are still etched in my memory. It was a spiritual experience.

At the Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Base, I was fortunate to spend a day with researchers preparing food for the pandas and studying their habits.

Since June 1 of this year, China has introduced a pilot visa-free policy for holders of ordinary Brazilian passports, making China a more convenient destination. A trip to China is an unforgettable experience.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

In January-November 2025, 4,377 China-Europe trains passed through the Manzhouli checkpoint.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, December 17 (Xinhua) — From January to November 2025, 4,377 China-Europe international freight trains passed through Manzhouli Port in North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, carrying 457,000 TEUs of cargo. These figures increased by 8.4 percent and 6.2 percent year-on-year, respectively, the Neimenggu Ribao daily reported on Wednesday.

During the specified period, the number of China-Europe trains entering China through the Manzhouli checkpoint was 2,705, while they transported 191 thousand TEU of cargo.

As an important hub on the eastern route of China-Europe international railway freight transportation, Manzhouli Port has been serving China-Europe freight trains for 12 years, improving the international logistics network and expanding trade exchanges, as well as giving new impetus to promoting Inner Mongolia's high-level opening-up to the outside world and the high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.

In recent years, Manzhouli Port has become more efficient in handling foreign trade enterprises thanks to the continuous improvement of customs clearance efficiency.

It is reported that local customs, through mechanisms such as information sharing, emergency response, comprehensive analysis and reporting, are making active efforts to build an intelligent monitoring platform for cargo flows through railway checkpoints, facilitating the smooth customs clearance of China-Europe trains. -0-

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/Roundtable on the Chinese Economy/ Hainan demonstrates diversified and high-quality growth after the launch of the independent customs operations regime – expert

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Beijing, December 17 (Xinhua) — Following the launch of independent customs operations throughout Hainan Province on Thursday, the southern Chinese island is poised to develop a more diversified, high-quality economic structure, according to Chinese economist Huang Hanquan.

Huang Hanquan, director of the Institute of Macroeconomic Research under the National Development and Reform Commission of China, made the comment during the latest edition of the all-media discussion program "China Economic Roundtable" organized by Xinhua News Agency.

He noted that the share of tariff items covered by the zero customs duty regime at the Hainan Free Trade Port (HFTP) will increase to approximately 70 percent, and streamlined rules will allow for the application of the duty-free regime for the processing of value-added goods.

According to Huang Hanquan, these measures are expected to significantly reduce operating costs in industries such as pharmaceuticals and high-tech manufacturing, stimulate the creation of industrial clusters and accelerate the development of new sectors including offshore wind power and commercial aerospace.

Meanwhile, the expansion of the product category under duty-free shopping for travellers and improved purchasing policies for island residents are expected to further stimulate local consumption, he added.

Favorable tax policies are also central to the new economic landscape of the CPST. "Preferential income tax rates will attract more companies and skilled workers, creating higher-quality jobs, thereby creating a virtuous cycle in which industry, talent, and the economy mutually reinforce each other," added Huang Hanquan.

In his opinion, beyond the island itself, the launch of independent customs operations throughout Hainan is expected to change the structure of regional development by removing barriers to the flow of goods, capital, and other factors of production. "This will facilitate the formation of a coordinated production and logistics infrastructure between Hainan and neighboring regions."

At the national level, he called the move an important stage in China's transition from a model of openness focused on the flow of goods and other factors of production to a model focused on institutional openness.

Hainan is expected to align with high-standard international trade and economic rules in areas such as cross-border data flows and intellectual property protection, Huang Hanquan said, adding that the accumulated successful institutional innovations can be spread throughout the country.

“Launched against a backdrop of growing protectionism and resistance to globalization, independent customs operations could provide international investors with a more stable and predictable institutional environment,” the expert concluded. -0-

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Sergei Sobyanin congratulated the staff of Hospital 52 on the medical facility's 70th anniversary.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

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In December, Hospital No. 52 celebrates its 70th anniversary. This was announced on its channel in MAX messenger Sergei Sobyanin reported.

"This summer, it received the status of a clinical research center for its high level of medical care and scientific potential. Since the beginning of the year alone, the center has treated nearly 80,000 patients inpatients, conducted over 500,000 outpatient visits, and delivered nearly 5,000 newborns," the Moscow Mayor wrote.

Source: Sergei Sobyanin's channel inMAX messenger

The Moscow Clinical Research Center (MCRC) "Hospital 52" houses four city-level competence centers:

— Moscow City Scientific and Practical Center for Nephrology and Pathology of the Transplanted Kidney — a specialized center for the full cycle of treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease;

— Moscow City Scientific and Practical Center for Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Rheumatological Diseases and Autoinflammatory Diseases, also with a full cycle of patient management—from diagnosis to outpatient observation during remission;

— Moscow City Scientific and Practical Center of Allergology and Immunology is the only center in the capital for the treatment of patients with congenital immunodeficiencies;

— an inter-district hematology center that provides a closed-loop treatment cycle for patients with blood diseases, including bone marrow transplantation.

Some types of medical care are unique and rare not only in Moscow but throughout Russia. For example, in 2016, urologists here became the first in the country and second in the world to perform a laparoscopic removal of a donor kidney, as well as the first in Russia to perform a laparoscopic removal of a transplanted kidney on a cancer patient.

Expectant mothers with severe comorbidities (including oncohematology) and donor organs are referred from all over the city to the maternity hospital at Hospital No. 52.

The clinic's cutting-edge status is driven by its staff. Over three thousand people work here, including 24 doctors of medical sciences and 119 candidates of medical sciences.

Together with departments of medical universities and research institutes, the hospital conducts research on 26 topics. For two years in a row, City Clinical Hospital No. 52 has received the Moscow City Prize for achievements in allergology-immunology and urology.

Last year, construction began on the institution's premises. multi-profile buildingIt will unite the maternity hospital and most of the inpatient and outpatient departments. Work is scheduled for completion in 2027.

"On behalf of all Muscovites, I congratulate the team and thank them for their high level of professionalism. I wish everyone good health and prosperity!" added Sergei Sobyanin.

Subscribe to the Moscow Mayor's official channels on messengers MAX AndTelegram.

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Machine vision and precision up to 20 microns: Polytechnic University creates a multifunctional dispensing robot

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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Scientists at the Polytechnic University have developed a robotic system for automating the precise dosing and application of materials. Initially developed to address the laboratory's internal needs, the system has demonstrated broad potential for application in microelectronics, mechanical engineering, chemistry, and education. Experts note that the robotic system already outperforms its closest foreign counterparts.

The system consists of a three-axis robot combined with a dispensing unit and a machine vision system for feedback. It can handle polymers, sealants, solder pastes, liquid suspensions, and low-melting glasses. Dispensing can be performed using a piston or air pressure, allowing it to handle materials with a wide range of viscosities.

A key feature of the system is its machine vision integration, which enables real-time robotic control along unprogrammed trajectories. This opens up opportunities for creating complex-shaped gaskets for silicone, polyurethane, or rubber products, and is also indispensable for the precise application of sealants and the alignment of micro-optical elements. Manually creating complex trajectories or writing codes is unnecessary: the operator can send commands to the robot using color differentiation via the machine vision of a configured camera.

"We initially created a system to automate routine tasks in our laboratory, as we work extensively with dispensing low-melting glasses to produce micro-optical elements. To replicate the processes, improve precision, and increase the speed of element production, we needed to develop specialized designs, electronic boards, and our own software. This is how the first version of the robotic system was born. We focused not on the design itself, but on the tasks the robot would perform. The result is a more user-friendly and intuitive system that doesn't require studying hundreds of pages of instructions, as with some similar systems," explained Alexander Semencha, Director of the Nanotechnology and Coatings Research and Educational Center at the Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Transport at SPbPU.

The robot's technical specifications allow it to be used in the production of microelectronics products: positioning accuracy of up to 20 microns, axis travel speed of up to 300 mm/sec, and a workspace of 300 x 300 mm with the ability to expand. The system supports the installation of up to two manipulators and six peripheral devices.

The development was led by a team from the Nanotechnology and Coatings Research Center, including engineers, electronics engineers, IT specialists, technologists, and industrial designers. They assembled more than eight versions of the design before achieving the required level of reliability. One of the models has already successfully completed over 100,000 cycles without loss of accuracy.

The project's potential encompasses three main areas: the creation of fully robotic chemistry labs for schools and universities, applications in scientific research (for example, for the production of lighting fixtures with special phosphors for growing agricultural crops), and the solution of non-standard tasks, such as sorting or engraving. The scientists note that the robot is ready for mass production.

There are only a few companies worldwide producing similar devices: in the US and China. The system developed at the Polytechnic University is significantly cheaper than its Western counterparts, and its functionality already surpasses that of other systems available on the market.

This is an example of the successful convergence of engineering, IT, and materials science competencies within the university. Such interdisciplinary projects directly contribute to technological sovereignty, ensuring the effective transfer of knowledge from fundamental science to applied solutions, and developing personnel for the economy of the future, noted Yuri Fomin, SPbPU Vice-Rector for Research.

The team's plans include developing an automatic calibration system, implementing AI tools for simplified programming, and creating a remote control center for the system.

About the development of Polytechnic University scientists federal media reported.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Polytechnic University at the "Labor of the Future" session: experience, updated model, and plans for 2026

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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An off-site session, "Work of the Future: From Active Measures to Systematic Workforce Training," was held in Gorno-Altaisk. The event was part of the federal project "Active Measures to Promote Employment," and was organized by Tomsk State University, the project's federal operator. The session brought together representatives of leading universities, regional government agencies, and businesses to identify key development milestones for the project through 2026.

Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University discussed its experience participating in the federal program and the updated architecture for implementing the project within the university. The university is consistently expanding its network of industrial partners, strengthening its analytical capabilities, and integrating modern technologies, including artificial intelligence tools, into its training and support processes.

At the session, the university also presented the results of modernizing its internal project implementation processes. In 2025, a comprehensive reorganization of the project's work was carried out: new mechanisms for interaction with employment services were created, program development was strengthened to meet business (B2B) and government (B2G) needs, and a multi-level system for analyzing and monitoring educational outcomes was implemented.

Ivan Kurta, Head of the Directorate for Continuing Education and Industry Partnerships, noted the strategic importance of the university's participation in this federal initiative: "It is crucial for us not only to fulfill the project's operational objectives but also to develop a flexible, technologically advanced, and scalable training system. The federal project is a space for genuine partnership between universities, regions, and employers. We highly value our collaboration with Tomsk State University—colleagues who demonstrate strategic vision and powerful expertise. Support, the exchange of methods, and joint project solutions—all this makes it possible to strengthen results and develop new learning models. I am confident that such events are key growth points for the entire continuing education system."

Expert discussions focused on the transition from isolated employment support measures to the development of a comprehensive human capital development system. Participants discussed analytical data, including labor market transformation, employment dynamics, limitations of digital services for businesses, and factors influencing graduate employment success.

Special attention was paid to adapting the federal project to regional specifics: developing early career guidance, deepening interaction with employers, creating differentiated programs for different categories of students, increasing the role of data in forecasting labor demand and assessing learning outcomes.

Polytechnic University has set an ambitious goal: to significantly increase the volume of student training by 2026, expanding its network of partner sites, regions of presence, and range of educational programs. Particular attention will be paid to training personnel for high-tech manufacturing, transport and logistics, the IT sector, technological sovereignty industries, as well as special programs for participants in special military operations.

The session in Gorno-Altaisk became a significant platform for exchanging best practices and developing concrete proposals for project development. Polytechnic University is consistently strengthening its position in the implementation of the National Personnel Project and contributing to the development of a modern system of continuous education focused on the real economic needs of the regions and the country as a whole.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Science without borders: Youth Science Week took place at the Polytechnic University

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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The Institute of Industrial Management, Economics, and Trade of SPbPU hosted the All-Russian scientific and educational student conference with international participation, "Youth Science Week of IPMEiT," dedicated to the institute's 10th anniversary. Throughout the week, undergraduate and graduate students, and young researchers presented papers, participated in discussions, and shared their research findings.

At the plenary session, Vladimir Shchepinin, Director of the Institute of Mechanics and Technology (IPMET), addressed the participants with a welcoming address: "It's important to maintain the interest of those just taking their first steps into the world of science. Youth Science Week at IPMET and the Polytechnic University, where it's hosted, are becoming platforms for unlocking the potential of those who are already shaping the future of the global scientific community."

This year, the plenary session took the form of a panel discussion, "My Path to Science," featuring young scientists and graduate students. The speakers shared their personal experiences, discussed their professional development, and discussed modern approaches to research. The discussion was moderated by Angi Skhvediani, Associate Professor at the Higher School of Engineering and Economics.

The discussion was attended by: Daniel Alliti, a graduate student at the Graduate School of Business Engineering, and a senior lecturer at the Graduate School of Engineering and Economics Victoria Brazovskaya, Assistant Professor of the Department of Economic Theory Andrey Koshkin, Assistant Professor of the Higher School of Public Administration Grigory Kulkaev, PhD student of the Higher School of Service and Trade Ksenia Raiter, Postgraduate Student of the Higher School of Industrial Management Artem Samoylenko, and Chairperson of the IPMEIT Student Scientific Society Margarita Yanchevskaya.

The speakers emphasized the importance of active participation in scientific research and the combination of natural and artificial intelligence. The relevance of obtaining an academic degree in today's world was also discussed.

In 2025, the conference attracted a record number of applications—approximately 900. Over the course of the week, 20 sections were held, with over 350 papers presented. Approximately 60 student presentations were recognized as the best in their sections.

Conference participants shared that the plenary session answered many questions about their future paths in science.

"I've been thinking: maybe I should try my hand at science," said Anna Protsenko, a participant from Southern Federal University. "I have an idea to develop my research, and I'm thinking about continuing my studies in a master's program. The plenary speakers' words gave me confidence that everything will work out, that I can realize my potential in science," she added.

During Youth Science Week, creative and educational events organized by the Department of Economic Theory also took place: the third Historical and Economic Assembly "Polytechnic University – the Engine of Progress: Past, Present, Future" and the video and poster competition "The IPMEiT Student Code is…", dedicated to the institute's 10th anniversary.

The poster competition organizers intended for participants to express their own vision of the role of the Institute of Mechanics, Technology, and Telecommunications (IPMET) in their lives through their work. When evaluating the winners, the jury prioritized the originality of the concept and the quality of its presentation over artistic technique. The winners were first-year students majoring in Customs Affairs: Olga Garanzha, Anastasia Ovchinnikova, and Alina Pavlova.

The business game “Everything (not) according to plan”, developed by the Business Analysis Competence Center and organized by IPMEIT, became innovative for the Youth Science Week Scientific and Educational Center for Information Technology and Business Analysis "Gazprom Neft"".

Three teams participated in the game. Students tried their hand at being analysts and managers, solving non-standard problems in conditions as close as possible to a real IT project.

The conference concluded with the presentation of diplomas to the winners. Particularly valuable was the participation of guests from the Russian-Tajik (Slavic) University, Russian-Armenian (Slavic) University, Southern Federal University, and Perm National Research Polytechnic University.

Furthermore, a musical performance by junior students, who performed a song that could become the prototype for the future student anthem of the Institute of Mechanics, Economics, and Technology (IPMET), was met with widespread approval. Students from the Higher School of Service and Trade gave conference guests a tour of St. Petersburg.

Following the conference, it is planned to publish six volumes of a collection of abstracts from student papers.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Metro passengers can send free postcards to loved ones ahead of the New Year.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

As part of the project Winter in Moscow Themed mailboxes have been installed at eight "Live Communication" kiosks in the Moscow Metro. Passengers will be able to pick up greeting cards of various designs, write a wish, and send free New Year's greetings to their family and friends anywhere in Russia. This was announced by the Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Transport and Industry. Maxim Liksutov.

"In anticipation of the New Year, passengers will be able to write and send free wishes to anywhere in Russia at eight Moscow Metro kiosks. Eight thousand postcards have been prepared for this occasion. The campaign will run until January 11th. We're continuing a good tradition: for major holidays, we install mailboxes at the Live Communication kiosks and distribute themed postcards so passengers can wish their family and friends. We're participating in the Winter in Moscow project at the request of Sergei Sobyanin," explained Maxim Liksutov.

Postboxes can be found in the metro at the Arbatskaya station on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line, the Barrikadnaya station on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, the Komsomolskaya and Oktyabrskaya stations on the Circle Line, the Cherkizovskaya station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line, the Turgenevskaya station on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line, the Dmitrovskaya station on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line, and the Elektrozavodskaya station on the Big Circle Line.

Winter in Moscow— the main event of the season. The project aims to strengthen social and family ties, create an atmosphere of unity and mutual support, and provide assistance to those currently defending the Motherland. Through a variety of programs, including cultural, educational, and sporting events, it brings together Muscovites and visitors of all ages and interests, creating an environment for creative development, active recreation, and warm communication. Particular attention is paid to supporting participants and veterans of the special military operation and their families, as well as all those providing assistance to the front.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels. MAX AndTelegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

The online historical and cultural museum "Moscow Code" has launched a new exhibit.

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Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

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In the historical and cultural online museum Moscow Code A new exhibition has opened. It includes more than 100 archaeological finds discovered over the past three years. The ancient artifacts were found inOld Coin AndRomanov alleys, onTverskoy AndYauzskaya streets, inKitaygorodsky passage and other places that contain information about the city and the life of Muscovites from different historical eras.

"We've systematized finds from various locations in the city and created a virtual exhibition that can serve as a reference for Moscow researchers. Among the ancient online exhibits are a glass bracelet, a slate spindle whorl, and a stone cross from the 12th-13th centuries, stove tiles, and ceramic vessels from various periods—from the 17th to the 19th centuries," said the head of the Moscow Department of Cultural Heritage.

Alexey Emelyanov.

Information about the presented archaeological finds can be integrated into city tours, as it provides an idea of how our ancestors lived.

The exhibition is divided into eight sections based on the location of the objects' discovery. The most extensive of these is the finds Chizhevsky courtyardHere are images and descriptions of about 40 rarities. Of particular interest is the porcelain collection found during research onBolshaya Tatarskaya StreetThe exhibition explores how porcelain tableware appeared in Rus' and when it became part of Muscovites' everyday lives. Among the interesting finds presented in the section Zamoskvorechye, ceramic pastry moulds and fragments of the metal emblem of the grenadier regiment.

You can also explore the exhibition's exhibits interactively. The "Discover Moscow" portal offers a quiz dedicated to the most interesting facts about archaeological artifacts.

Sobyanin: Moscow archaeologists have assembled a collection of tiles with a double-headed eagle.

Some of the items featured in the online exhibition are in archaeological facilities preparing scientific reports, while others are in restoration workshops.

Since 2011, Moscow archaeologists have discovered more than 140,000 objects. Over 50,000 of these have been restored and donated to Moscow museums over the past five years.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels. MAX AndTelegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.