China called on the parties to create conditions for the speedy restoration of peace and tranquility in Yemen – Chinese Foreign Ministry

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) — China called for safeguarding Yemen's sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity and expressed hope that the two sides would put the interests of the Yemeni people first and create conditions for an early restoration of peace and tranquility in the country, a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said Monday. -0-

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Cooperation with South Africa: A new step towards joint projects and initiatives

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Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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A delegation from the Polytechnic University of South Africa paid a working visit to the Republic of South Africa and held a series of business meetings with relevant ministries, universities, and research centers in Pretoria. The visit was organized as part of efforts to develop partnerships with South African scientific and educational organizations, including the expansion of the Russian-African Network University (RAFU) across Africa. The Polytechnic University was represented by Maxim Zalyvskiy, Head of the RAFU Project Office, and Nikita Golovin, Deputy Head of the International Cooperation Department.

On the South African side, the visit was organized with the support of the South African Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation and was a continuation negotiations and working meetings between representatives of this Ministry, the South African Technology Innovation Agency and the South African National Research Foundation, which took place at the Polytechnic University in October of this year.

On the first day of the visit, the Polytechnic delegation held talks with Cecil Masoka, Acting Director of the Department of International Bilateral Cooperation at the South African Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation; Majola Fikiswa Liseka Mpumalanga, Deputy Director for Space Science and Technology; and Mohapi Mirranda Mmafehello, Assistant Director for Europe and the Middle East. The partners discussed cooperation in higher education and research in priority areas of development in South Africa: space technology (including small satellites (Cubesats)), artificial intelligence, digital technologies, agricultural innovation, biotechnology, and healthcare. South Africa proposed intensifying cooperation within the framework of the country's presidential postgraduate program. The parties expressed their willingness to work on economic digitalization, information exchange through technology transfer, agricultural technology, and food security. They also discussed the development of a comprehensive space technology program in South Africa, which would include student training, including scholarship support, internships, and joint projects.

Separately, the South African side expressed support and interest in collaborating with the Russian-African Network University (RAFU), currently coordinated by the Polytechnic University. The association of leading public universities, Universities of South Africa (USAf), which unites 26 universities in the country, could act as the coordinating body on the South African side.

Cecil Masoka has proposed holding a Road Show in several South African cities in the spring of 2026 with the participation of leading Russian universities to present educational programs and opportunities for joint research projects.

The second ministerial meeting took place at the South African Ministry of Higher Education and Skills, represented by Philip Tshabalala, Director of the Department of International Relations; Mokgadi Tena, Head of the Global International Partnerships Unit; and Mtheto Temwa Moyo, Head of the International Scholarships Unit. The partners discussed existing experience implementing winter schools in Russia, particularly at SPbPU, with the participation of students from South African universities; opportunities for mutual academic mobility; attracting South African applicants to study in Russia under Russian Government quotas; and identified challenges associated with applying for Russian quotas on the South African side. South Africa also expressed interest in partnering with the Russian Presidential PhD program and joint PhD programs in areas such as energy, water management, natural resource extraction, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and others.

During the visit's business program, a meeting was held with Luvuyo Mabhali, Executive Director of the Centre for Future Manufacturing, part of the South African Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). Mutual interest exists in cooperation in the development of innovative materials, robotics, additive manufacturing, photonics, and the treatment of diseases using advanced technologies. Polytechnic University representatives visited the biophotonics laboratory, where they learned about research into laser technologies for solving problems in the medical industry.

Talks were held with Mahloubi Mabizela, Chief Operating Officer of USAf (the Association of Universities of South Africa). USAf is an association of 26 public universities in South Africa. The Association's activities are focused on six strategic areas, including support for innovative research, project funding, training, and professional development. During the meeting, the parties presented the activities of RAFU, USAf, and SPbPU and expressed mutual interest in partnership. Priority areas of cooperation between the two universities included biotechnology, artificial intelligence, machine learning, materials science, blockchain, space technology, and joint summer and winter schools in the natural sciences.

At the University of Pretoria, one of the largest and leading universities in South Africa, the SPbPU delegation met with the Director of the Department of Internationalization and Strategic Partnerships of the University of Pretoria, Dr. Rakeshni Ramoutar-Preisl, representatives of the international office of the university, the dean and leading professors of the Faculty of Engineering, Construction and Information Technology. During the meeting, presentations of both universities were presented, their key educational and scientific areas, the main tasks of developing international partnerships and international academic mobility. Professor Alta van der Merwe, Acting Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering and Information Technology, made a presentation from her faculty. The Faculty is one of the largest and most prestigious engineering faculties in South Africa and the African continent as a whole. The faculty includes three large schools: engineering, construction and information technology. The teaching population is more than 9,000 students. The main areas of teaching and research are industrial and systems engineering, mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, civil engineering and infrastructure, information systems, smart cities and sustainable environments. Almost all of the key areas of the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Pretoria overlap very closely with the research and educational areas of the main institutes of the Polytechnic. And in this regard, the parties agreed in January-February 2026 to continue the discussion and conduct a series of online meetings between the scientific groups of the two universities. Based on the results of these meetings, 2-3 most interesting areas will be identified and the development of joint events will continue based on them.

Following the working meeting, the SPbPU delegation was given a tour of the research centers and laboratories of the School of Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering, Construction, and Information Technology.

The Robotics and Future Manufacturing Research Center (ROFMC) in Pretoria is a leading research center in South Africa in the field of Industry 4.0 technologies. The center develops and introduces advanced manufacturing technologies and robotics into South African industry. Key areas of applied research and development of the center: industrial robotics and automation, additive manufacturing, digital design and modeling, artificial intelligence and data analysis for production, advanced materials and their processing technologies. The SPbPU delegation visited the ICR&BP as part of its big visit to the educational and scientific centers of South Africa in Pretoria. At the meeting with the head of the center, Sanviir Matadini, projects of the Polytechnic University in the field of robotics, artificial intelligence in industry, and intelligent transport systems were presented. The center presented projects on the development of industrial robots, including collaborative, autonomous transport systems, as well as educational projects in the field of industrial automation (Learning Factory: specialized courses and development of training programs at the request of the industry). Areas of activity of the center and various laboratories of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (for example, the Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics and Cyber-Physical Systems and the Laboratory of Intelligent Industrial Automation Systems of the Higher School of Cyber-physical Systems Management of the IKNK, the Laboratory of “Industrial Stream Data Processing Systems” of the Advanced Engineering School “Digital Engineering”, a number of laboratories of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Materials and transport) overlap very much, but at the same time they have their own unique sides. In this regard, issues of developing a partnership between SPbPU and ICR&BP were discussed with the aim of exchanging experience and launching joint projects using the experience and competencies of the parties. As a result of the meeting, the parties agreed to hold a series of online meetings/webinars between the scientific groups of the center and SPbPU in the second half of January to discuss specific joint tasks and projects.

At the Tshwane University of Technology, the SPbPU delegation met with colleagues from the international office and the Faculty of Natural Sciences, which was represented by Prof. Yvonne Paul, Associate Dean Mlindelwa Lupankwa, Research Fellow and Professor Thierry Regnier. South African colleagues presented their university as a whole, as well as its priority areas of development. Professor Yvonne Paul made a presentation about the Faculty of Science, which is the largest, practice-oriented department at Tshwane University of Technology, which trains highly qualified specialists in the field of natural and applied sciences. The faculty conducts active research in the fields of physics, laser technologies, new materials, renewable energy, biotechnology and environmental protection. Of particular interest to South African colleagues is the possibility of joint work on the use of data from small spacecraft for environmental monitoring and environmental research. SPbPU presented presentations of priority scientific and educational areas in the field of natural sciences, applied physics, and space research. In addition, the possibilities of student participation in academic mobility programs, as well as in short educational programs (“Winter/Summer School”, “Winter University”) were discussed. In particular, representatives of the University of Tshwane gave feedback on the participation of 3 university students in the “Winter University in Engineering Sciences”, held at St. Petersburg Polytechnic University from November 24 to December 7.

Following the meeting, the parties agreed to begin drafting a cooperation agreement between the two universities in January, including on the principles for implementing academic mobility programs.

At a meeting at the South African Technology Innovation Agency (SATI), Patrick Krappie, Acting Director General of the Agency, presented key goals and objectives for the development of innovation and technology in South Africa. The Agency supports cutting-edge research in all priority areas conducted at South African universities and research centers, but only funds projects at the UGT 4 level ("A detailed prototype solution has been developed to demonstrate the viability of the technology") and above. Projects with Russian research centers are implemented through bilateral competitions. On the Russian side, the projects are supported by the Foundation for Assistance to Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (FASIE) and are primarily focused on small and medium-sized enterprises. As a first step in building cooperation between the Agency and Russian universities, the parties discussed the possibility of supporting joint student research initiatives and the creation of laboratories led by young scientists, involving senior students from universities in both countries.

Additionally, the busy business program included working meetings at the High Performance Computing Center, the South African Space Agency, and the South African Council for Agricultural Research. At the meeting at the supercomputer center, representatives from Polytechnic University and South Africa presented promising areas of research using supercomputer power to solve applied problems in various fields—from mathematical modeling of engineering systems to environmental and bioinformatics problems.

At a meeting at the South African National Space Agency (the government organization responsible for the promotion and development of aeronautics and space research in South Africa), the SPbPU delegation learned about its priority goals in space science and astrophysics, the use of small satellites for environmental monitoring, resource management and disaster risk reduction, and the training of engineers in space technology. SPbPU representatives, in turn, presented the university's projects in the field of space research and expressed interest in developing cooperation with the Agency and South African research centers in this area.

The SPbPU delegation also visited the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), South Africa's leading research institution in the field of agricultural technology. The Polytechnicians were hosted by Ms. Takalani Bridget Murowri, Head of International Relations, and leading researchers Dr. Mariette Truter and Dr. Quengtin Santana, who presented the objectives and research areas being conducted in the RAC's laboratories. They discussed potential joint projects, including within the RAF and with relevant universities in St. Petersburg and Russia.

The SPbPU delegation also met with Roman Ambarov, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Russian Federation to South Africa, at the Russian Embassy in South Africa. The Polytechnic University representatives outlined their goals and objectives for developing cooperation with South African educational and scientific organizations, key areas in which the university is interested in implementing joint projects, and the main outcomes of past meetings with South African organizations. Roman Ambarov emphasized the importance of expanding academic contacts between Russia and South Africa and expressed his readiness to provide the necessary support to the initiatives of the Polytechnic University and other Russian universities.

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"The Attraction of the Arctic": A photo exhibition supported by Rosneft opened in Moscow.

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Source: Rosneft – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

With the support of Rosneft, the annual outdoor photo exhibition "Attraction of the Arctic" opened on Tverskoy Boulevard in Moscow. The project was developed jointly with the non-governmental development institute Innopraktika. The exhibition aims to showcase the unique natural environment of the Arctic region and is open to the public until January 25.

The exhibition features images from the Company's environmental atlases, photographs from Rosneft's research expeditions, and images of production facilities. Residents and visitors to the capital can admire the stunning beauty of the flora and fauna of this northern region and learn about the extensive scientific research conducted in the Far North. Rosneft has been implementing a comprehensive scientific research program in the Arctic region since 2012.

During this time, the company has conducted over 60 expeditions in five Arctic seas, collecting a unique wealth of information about the region. Such large-scale scientific work has not been conducted since Soviet times. Geological, oceanographic, hydrometeorological, and environmental research is conducted jointly with the country's leading scientific institutes. The exhibition presents the full diversity of these research sites.

In 2024, the company launched a new biodiversity conservation program called "Tamura." Research is underway on the Taimyr Peninsula, studying reindeer, polar bears, valuable bird species, and fish in the Yenisei River estuary.

Rosneft, together with Innopraktika, also implemented a large-scale environmental project in the White Sea. During the expeditions, scientists retraced the route of renowned Soviet hydrobiologist Konstantin Deryugin, which he completed over 100 years ago. Experts concluded that the White Sea ecosystem remains stable. This allows the region to be considered a benchmark for comparison with other Arctic territories. However, research has revealed insufficient knowledge of the fauna of the Arctic seas: up to 30% of species remain of uncertain taxonomic status.

Scientists at the Arctic Research Center, together with Innopraktika, have developed a unique bio-product, "Oceanida," for the disposal of chronic hydrocarbon pollution. This year, the product received a positive assessment from the state environmental review.

The results of research into the Russian North make a significant contribution to science and are presented in a series of ecological atlases published jointly by the Company and Innopraktika. Since 2016, more than 10 scientific publications have been released, including: "The Kara Sea," "The Laptev Sea," "Marine Mammals of the Russian Arctic and Far East," "The Black and Azov Seas," "Species – Biological Indicators of the State of Marine Arctic Ecosystems," "The Barents Sea," and others.

Department of Information and Advertising of PJSC NK Rosneft December 29, 2025

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Polytechnic University student Guo Xinlong is a prize winner of the all-Russian competition "StudRussia"

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Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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Guo Xinlong, a first-year master's student at the Institute of Mechanics and Technology (IMET) in the Trade Business program "Managing Digital Ecosystems in Trade," took second place in the "Conquerors of the Summits" category at the finals of the all-Russian international student competition "StudRussia." The competition finals, held at MISIS University, brought together the most talented international students from Russian universities.

The StudRussia competition, sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, aims to support students who have achieved significant results in education and science, youth policy, community service, creativity, sports, and volunteerism. This year, over 1,200 applications were submitted, and qualifying rounds were held in all federal districts of the country. A total of 112 students from more than 20 neighboring and non-CIS countries reached the finals.

Guo Xinlong represented SPbPU in the "Conquerors of Peaks" sports category, dedicated to achievements in sports and physical education. He is a winner and runner-up in 3×3 basketball competitions and one of the Polytechnic's most prominent international athletes.

As part of the competition program, the student presented a paper titled "Sport as a Bridge: Russian-Chinese Cooperation at SPbPU," emphasizing the role of sport as a tool for international dialogue and integration at the Polytechnic University.

Olga Voronova, Director of the IPMEIT Higher School of Service and Trade, noted: "International students' participation in such competitive projects is highly significant for the development of the educational environment. This involvement expands opportunities for all participants, stimulates interest in joint initiatives, and emphasizes the fundamental value of international scientific and cultural cooperation. We actively develop such cooperation by implementing specialized programs for international students."

The StudRussia finals featured a rich educational program. Olga Petrova, Deputy Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, addressed the participants with parting words. The finalists had the opportunity to speak with her informally and ask pressing questions. Maria Zakharova, Director of the Information and Press Department of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, delivered a lecture entitled "The Value Foundations of Russian Society."

Guo Xinlong shared his impressions of the competition: "This process was quite challenging, but it significantly developed my complex analysis skills and impromptu presentation skills. It's a great honor for me to represent not only our institute, but also, in a sense, my country at the competition. The university's support, the attention of the faculty, and the warm words from everyone who believed in me—these mean a lot. This experience was made possible thanks to the platform the university creates for developing student initiatives. I am sincerely grateful for the opportunity to showcase what our university's students are capable of on a national scale. I will definitely continue to learn, develop, and share my knowledge to justify the trust placed in me."

Guo Xinlong's success in the StudRussia competition demonstrates that sports, education, and culture are truly becoming a universal language of international interaction. "It is especially important for IPMEIT that our international students not only adapt to the educational environment but also become active participants in the university community and champions of Polytechnic University values," shared IPMEIT Director Vladimir Shchepinin.

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Polytechnic University helps train subject teachers at RTSU

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Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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As part of a joint action plan aimed at improving the quality of educational activities at the Russian-Tajik Slavic University (RTSU) and transferring new competencies in the training of professional teaching staff, lecturers from the Polytechnic University conducted classes in three core areas: chemistry, physics, and applied computer science. These included lectures and practical classes for students, as well as professional development courses for the faculty of the RTSU Faculty of Natural Sciences.

The Chemistry module was taught by Irina Bazhenova, Associate Professor at the Institute of Biotechnology and Food Production (IBBS). Six RTSU faculty members and third- and fourth-year chemistry students attended the advanced training course "Modern Approaches to Teaching Natural Sciences."

Lectures and practical classes covered interactive and digital methods, organizing experiments, and preparing schoolchildren for Olympiads, the Basic State Exam (BSE), and the Unified State Exam (USE).

The participants demonstrated a high level of engagement, shared experiences, and gained new knowledge for their teaching work. The course strengthened international ties, promoted the Russian scientific and pedagogical school, and laid the foundation for future collaboration. All six RTSU teachers successfully passed the final assessment.

The "Applied Computer Science" section consisted of lectures and practical classes covering the "Software Engineering" course (a total of 32 hours). The classes were taught by Ivan Selin, Associate Professor of the Higher School of Software Engineering at the Institute of Computer Science and Information Technologies (IKNS). The course aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical and methodological foundations of software development, as well as the practical skills necessary for the effective management of software product development processes at all stages of the life cycle. This course is an essential component of training specialists in information technology and software development.

Maxim Lobachev, assistant professor at the Higher School of Mechanics and Control Processes (PhysMech SPbPU), taught 12 third-year students a course on "Continuum Mechanics." Over two weeks, lectures and practical exercises were held using interactive and game-based formats (a total of 36 hours). Three RTSU faculty members also took continuing education courses in the same subject.

Upon completion of the course, students gained in-depth knowledge in the field of continuum mechanics and learned to solve practical problems in mechanics, while instructors gained additional competencies in designing and organizing pedagogical activities in their respective fields.

During the visit, a meeting was also held with Bakhtiyor Gulboev, Head of the Department of Mathematics and Physics, where they discussed current tasks, plans for 2026, and prospects for joint participation in conferences and educational projects.

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A graduate of the RUDN University Institute of Ecology developed a project to help automate processes at Rosprirodnadzor.

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Source: Peoples'Friendship University of Russia

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Rosprirodnadzor continues to implement digital technologies to improve its operational efficiency. At a recent internal competition for the integration of artificial intelligence, breakthrough solutions developed by Makar Berestov, a graduate of the RUDN University Institute of Ecology, were presented and have already been implemented.

Makar's AI agent "Dove" for an electronic document management system took second place in the competition. It's a smart assistant that operates according to a preset script.

"The AI agent automatically reviews incoming resolutions, analyzes attached files, and prepares draft responses based on them. For example, it can independently process a person's request, determine the location of the problem, and forward it to the appropriate territorial office of Rosprirodnadzor. The implementation of Golub has reduced the initial review time for requests from 5 minutes to 30 seconds, and the need for printing documents has been completely eliminated," said Makar Berestov.

Third place in the competition went to another AI agent, "Hedgehog," created by a RUDN University graduate. It is used in the State Register of Waste Disposal Facilities (GRWDF). Its task is to work with the following landfill characteristics:

Digitize incoming paper specifications using OCR technology; automatically transfer data into structured tables (Excel); and check all entered data for logic and compliance with environmental legislation.

The implementation of an AI agent has reduced the time it takes to check one characteristic of an object from one hour to approximately 3 seconds (3.14 s).

Both digital assistants are already actively used in the service's daily work and continue to be developed. The competition received over 100 proposals from Rosprirodnadzor employees, describing specific functionality and expected effects. Over 20 ideas were selected for further development and implementation.

The award ceremony for the competition winners was personally conducted by the head of the Federal Service, Svetlana Radionova.

The Institute of Ecology is proud of Makar and wishes him continued success!

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Kim Jong-un watched a test launch of long-range strategic cruise missiles – KCNA

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Pyongyang, December 29 (Xinhua) — North Korean Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un observed a long-range strategic cruise missile launch exercise in waters west of the Korean Peninsula on Sunday, the official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) reported on Monday.

Two strategic cruise missiles hit their target after flying along a designated trajectory over the sea for 10,199 seconds and 10,203 seconds, respectively, the report said.

"The results of the exercises are practical confirmation and a vivid demonstration of the absolute reliability of our potential to deliver a strategic counterattack," the agency quotes Kim Jong-un as saying.

According to the report, he stated that the regular verification of the readiness for rapid response of nuclear deterrent forces and the demonstration of their power are carried out within the framework of the responsible use of the right to self-defense and military deterrence in the current situation in which the country faces various security threats.

Kim Jong-un also confirmed that the country will continue to make every effort to “unceasingly develop nuclear combat forces,” the statement said. –0–

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Following the meeting of the foreign ministers of China, Cambodia and Thailand, a press communiqué was published.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

KUNMING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) — A meeting of foreign ministers of China, Cambodia and Thailand was successfully held in Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province, on Monday.

Following the trilateral meeting, a press communiqué was issued, which stated in five points that Cambodia and Thailand would continue to intensify contacts, deepen mutual understanding, gradually strengthen the ceasefire, resume mutual exchanges, restore political trust, improve relations, and maintain peace in the region.

Following the signing of a joint ceasefire statement, the Cambodian and Thai foreign ministers will lead their delegations to meet in Yunnan Province on December 28-29 at the invitation of Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. -0-

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16 people died in a fire at a nursing home in Indonesia.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Jakarta, December 29 (Xinhua) — Indonesian police are identifying the 16 people killed in a fire at a nursing home in Manado, the provincial capital of North Sulawesi, Alamsya Hasibuan, the regional police public relations chief, announced on Monday.

Identification is taking place at the police hospital, he stated. The identification process is aimed at fully establishing the victims' identities before further coordination with their families, A. Hasibuan emphasized.

He said the fire started at 8:36 p.m. local time on Sunday and was extinguished around 9:30 p.m. after three fire trucks sent by the Manado city administration arrived at the scene.

Upon receiving information about the fire, police quickly took action to secure the area and assist with rescue operations. Survivors were evacuated to local hospitals.

Police have launched an investigation, including examining the scene and interviewing witnesses, to determine the sequence of events and the preliminary cause of the fire, A. Hasibuan said. –0–

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Exclusive: The modern Chinese economy can remain a stable pillar of global development – Kyrgyz expert

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Bishkek, December 29 /Xinhua/ — China's modern economy is demonstrating its ability to remain one of the most stable pillars of global development. The country is confirming its status as a significant engine of global economic growth. This was stated in an interview with Xinhua by Tolonbek Abdyrov, Doctor of Economics, Professor, and Vice-Rector of the International Higher School of Medicine in the Kyrgyz Republic.

“Despite external challenges—from trade disputes to geoeconomic turbulence—China has managed to maintain a confident balance between growing domestic demand and rapid technological innovation,” he said, adding that this combination makes the country not just a major economy, but a systemically important player on which global market dynamics largely depend.

"In recent years, China has confirmed its status as one of the most significant drivers of global economic growth," said T. Abdyrov. He noted that for many years, China's contribution to global economic growth has remained at approximately 30 percent, thereby generating large-scale and sustainable demand for products from around the world.

"Such foreign economic potential not only helps maintain price stability on international markets but also expands countries' access to a wide range of high-quality and relatively inexpensive goods," the expert emphasized.

China adheres to a policy of high-level openness to the outside world, which, according to T. Abdyrov, occupies an important place in the country's modern economic strategy.

"China is implementing a comprehensive set of reforms in trade, investment, and infrastructure development, including through the Belt and Road Initiative. Chinese international cooperation platforms, such as the China International Import Expo (CIIE) and various specialized forums, are becoming a true bridge between national economies, creating transparent conditions for cooperation and technology exchange," he said. "This approach strengthens market interconnectivity and makes the international economic space more equitable and inclusive for participants of all sizes—from small states to major economic centers."

The Kyrgyz economist also noted that China promotes a concept of globalization characterized by equal access and mutual benefit. This is expressed through its support for free trade, the expansion of experimental free economic zones, and participation in the modernization of international economic rules.

"China's integration into global production and logistics chains makes these chains more resilient, diversified, and reliable. As a result, all participants in the global economy benefit: supply stability is strengthened, and economic growth accelerates," he said.

China views domestic demand as a constant, key driving force and stabilizing anchor for economic development, which, according to T. Abdyrov, is of great importance for the country's development, especially in the context of growing external uncertainty.

"The country's leadership is committed to further expanding consumption, increasing household incomes, and stabilizing investment activity through targeted fiscal measures. This approach creates a strong domestic market, which serves as a kind of shock absorber against external shocks," added T. Abdyrov.

In his view, relying on domestic demand allows China to maintain macroeconomic balance without over-reliance on exports. "This contributes to more sustainable growth, diversification of the economic structure, and the development of a wide range of high-quality goods and services oriented toward both domestic and foreign markets," he emphasized.

According to the expert, China's experience is of significant value to countries seeking accelerated economic development. "Its evolution—from the creation of joint ventures and the development of technology transfer to the implementation of a program aimed at developing domestic production and a subsequent focus on indigenous innovation—demonstrates the effectiveness of gradual institutional and technological transformation," he said.

2026 will be the first year of China's 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030). China's most important contribution to the global economy over the next five years will be its leadership in the transition to green technologies and digital production systems, according to T. Abdyrov.

"China is actively investing in artificial intelligence, renewable energy, smart manufacturing, and Belt and Road Initiative infrastructure. These investments are not limited to national objectives. They are shaping a new technological architecture accessible to countries around the world," he said.

According to the Kyrgyz economist, the development of green energy, the digitalization of logistics, and the modernization of supply chains, in which China plays a central role, will help increase the sustainability of global production, reduce costs, and accelerate the transition to environmentally friendly solutions.

“As a result, not only China benefits, but all countries integrated into the global economy—more opportunities for trade, access to new technologies, and conditions for more sustainable development appear,” he concluded. –0–

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