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What is food irradiation and why is it important?

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Source: International Atomic Energy Agency –

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What is food irradiation and why is it important?

What's what in the nuclear sphere?

Food irradiation using X-rays or gamma rays helps countries reduce the loss of fruits and vegetables.

October 16, 2025

Monika Shifotoka, IAEA Office of Public Information and Communication

Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

Food irradiation is a gentle, non-contact method that uses radiation to ensure the freshness and safety of food products. It eliminates microbes and controls insects and other pests while preserving the nutritional properties, flavor, and overall quality of food products. It can also be used to prevent the spread of insect pests. This method uses irradiation to transfer energy to food without changing its temperature or leaving residues. It is commonly used to preserve the quality of expensive foods such as spices, fish, and meat, and now also exotic fruits and vegetables.

Ensuring food is available in sufficient quantities, nutritious, and safe is a critical component of food security. However, food is more than just nourishment and sustenance; it is also an integral part of our cultural heritage and identity. Importantly, there are a number of methods that help preserve the safety and nutritional value of food, as well as its pleasant taste, texture, aroma, and appearance.

Food irradiation helps effectively extend shelf life, reduce waste, and provide consumers with access to the highest quality fresh produce. For example, thanks to irradiation, fresh strawberries can be stored in the refrigerator for up to seven days longer.

Why is food irradiated?

There are many benefits to food irradiation.

Elimination of microbial contamination. Irradiation destroys bacteria, mold and yeast that cause food poisoning and food spoilage.
Reducing the risk of foodborne illness. Irradiation reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses caused by microorganisms found in meat, poultry and fish, among others.
Reduce the use of chemicals. Irradiation eliminates the need to use chemicals to kill germs, delay ripening or prevent sprouting in foods such as potatoes, yams, ginger, onions and garlic. It is also an alternative to fumigants that are used to disinfest imported fruits, grains and vegetables.
Extending shelf life. Irradiation helps prevent foods such as potatoes and onions from sprouting.
Delayed maturation. Irradiation allows you to slow down the ripening of fruits and extend their shelf life.
Maintaining quality. Irradiation can complement other food preservation methods to improve food safety. For example, it can be used in combination with methods such as drying, packaging and freezing in the production of dried spices, packaged meats and frozen seafood.
Pest control. Irradiation prevents the proliferation of insect pests, facilitating the development of trade outside the boundaries of quarantine zones. It can also help eliminate barn pests that destroy stocks of wheat, rice, flour and other products.
Export promotion. Food irradiation allows countries to export their products to places that have strict pest quarantine controls or strict food safety regulations.

Increasing the shelf life of fruits and vegetables using irradiation

Food irradiation using X-rays or gamma radiation helps countries reduce the loss of fruits and vegetables. With the assistance of the IAEA, a food irradiation facility in Havana, Cuba, has reopened after 20 years.

How is food irradiated?

Irradiation uses electron beams or electromagnetic waves with sufficient energy to break chemical bonds. This prevents food from becoming radioactive, but the method destroys bacteria, mold, and yeast, slows down putrefaction, and reduces spoilage, making irradiated foods completely safe for human consumption. Unlike other food preservation methods, irradiation has virtually no effect on taste, appearance, or odor due to the efficient transfer of energy without compromising food quality.

Using gamma radiation to kill bacteria on strawberries. Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

The irradiation process is fully automated and involves no human exposure to radiation. Food packages move along a conveyor belt and pass through an irradiation chamber, where they are exposed to a controlled dose of ionizing radiation in the form of gamma rays, high-energy electron beams, or X-rays. The beams penetrate the food similar to microwaves in a microwave oven, but unlike a microwave oven, irradiation does not "cook" the food, as it does not heat it up. The highest radiation dose per kilogram of food is equivalent to the amount of energy required to boil two tablespoons of water (10 kilojoules).

Irradiation can even be used to treat already packaged or frozen foods, but it is carried out in a climate-controlled environment to ensure the integrity of the cold chain and maintain food freshness.

The same technology is widely used on an industrial scale around the world to sterilize medical devices, although much higher doses of radiation are required to completely sterilize them.

Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

Why are irradiated foods safe to eat?

Food irradiation does not render food radioactive, nor does it alter its texture, taste, or appearance, nor does it lose its nutritional value. Extensive research and testing of food irradiation have led to its widespread recognition as a completely safe and effective means of reducing harmful bacteria in food products.

Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

This is why the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) have recognized and confirmed the safety of food irradiation.

In accordance with international standards, the Radura logo is used to label irradiated foods. Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

How developed is the food irradiation industry?

Competent authorities in at least 69 countries have approved the irradiation process for more than 60 types of food products, including spices, chicken, beef, seafood, fruits, vegetables and other food products.

Food irradiation facilities must obtain a food processing permit (license) from the appropriate regulatory agency, which determines the specific types of food products that can be irradiated. Approximately one million tons of food are irradiated worldwide each year.

Using Nuclear Science in Food Irradiation

Food irradiation involves exposing food to electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays, gamma rays, or electron beams, to preserve its quality, kill harmful bacteria, and control insects. It not only reduces the risk of food poisoning but can also extend the shelf life of foods.

How does irradiation help ensure food safety and food security?

Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

The ability to trade fresh food products and prevent the introduction of invasive pests during export to other countries ensures the integrity of the food supply chain and increases accessibility. Fresh fruits and vegetables are increasingly being irradiated to prevent the spread of invasive insects, as other control methods have significant drawbacks. For example, fumigation chemicals can deplete the ozone layer and leave residues in food products, heat treatment reduces food quality, and cold processing requires extended periods of time, which can be detrimental to foods with a short shelf life.

Food irradiation and climate change

Insect pests have been a problem throughout human history, spreading diseases, destroying crops, and impacting the environment, causing over $70 billion in damage annually. With climate change, insects are moving to new areas, forcing authorities to impose strict quarantine measures—even within countries.

How can food irradiation contribute to economic growth?

Today, food is produced, processed, transported, and consumed in ways that would have been unimaginable just 20 years ago. Not only must we produce more food for a growing global population, but we must also use the food produced more efficiently. A large amount of food never reaches people. Food loss and waste are a pressing problem. According to the FAO, 14% of food worldwide spoils before it reaches stores and markets (worth an estimated $400 billion). Another 17% is wasted in stores and by consumers. Such losses represent a colossal waste of resources, which not only impacts food security and nutrition but also contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, environmental pollution, and the loss of natural ecosystems and biodiversity.

Food safety is a primary public health concern, but it is also crucial for promoting economic development and improving people's quality of life through increased access to domestic, regional, and international markets. Many countries' economies could grow significantly if they were able to prevent food spoilage, reduce the incidence of food poisoning, supply more food to their domestic markets, or export more food and agricultural products. Unfortunately, many foods cannot be traded due to the risk of pests, microbial contamination, or because these products spoil before they reach their destinations.

Illustration: A. Barber Huescar/IAEA

As a result, when developing countries try to sell their food products abroad, they often face significant challenges in complying with the strict quality standards and quarantine measures imposed by major importing countries.

By irradiating food, countries can ensure that their products meet international standards and export them to any market, including those with the strictest import regulations.

Irradiation is a safe and effective technology for solving technical problems in the trade of many food and agricultural products, and can be used either alone or in combination with other technologies.

Irradiation helps strawberries and other fruits stay fresh longer. Photo: Adobe Stock

What role does the IAEA play?

The IAEA promotes the safe and appropriate use of nuclear and related technologies in food and agriculture, contributing to global food security and sustainable agricultural development worldwide.
Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agricultureis dedicated to developing nuclear technologies to improve food safety and quality. The joint FAO/IAEA centre assists countries in developing the capacity of their laboratories and regulatory authorities so that they can trade safe and high-quality food products. The IAEA and FAO collaborate with national authorities, research institutes, and industry stakeholders to conduct research to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of irradiation technologies. Both organizations collaborate closely with Codex Alimentarius Commission to harmonize international food irradiation standards to protect plant health and ensure food safety and quality worldwide.

Read more about food irradiation Here.

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Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Sustainable Development and the Green Economy: GUU Attends the Made in Russia Forum

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Source: Official website of the State –

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Faculty from the State University of Management took part in the international export forum "Made in Russia," organized by the Russian Export Center (REC) on October 21, 2025, at the National Center "Russia."

Business, government and science

The forum became a platform for dialogue between business, science, and government, discussing key issues related to the development of domestic production and the promotion of Russian exports.

Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, First Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov, Minister of Industry and Trade Anton Alikhanov, Minister of Economic Development Maxim Reshetnikov, and heads of the country's leading exporters spoke at the plenary discussion "Russia to the World: Strengthening Trust, Developing Global Connections." The speakers discussed ways to strengthen the position of Russian solutions in the global market and expand international cooperation.

Sustainable Development Expertise

Our university was represented by teachers from the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Daria Zhadobina and Irina Milkina.

Daria Zhadobina, Head of the International Regulation and Sustainable Development Department at the Russian Export Center, co-organized the session "Sustainable Development and the Green Economy. Export Potential and Factors of Economic Growth," which discussed current topics related to the transition to closed-loop systems and the principles of a green economy. Sergey Katyrin, President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation (CCI RF), moderated the session.

Among the participants were Vyacheslav Fetisov, First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Ecology, Natural Resources, and Environmental Protection; Elena Myakotnikova, Chair of the RF CCI Council for Sustainable Business Development, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Volunteering; and other experts.

New agreements and horizons

On the sidelines of the forum, REC representatives signed a memorandum of cooperation with the National Association of Technical Customers and Other Organizations in Engineering and Construction Management (NOTEKH), headed by GUU graduate Alexey Nikitin.

The Russian Export Center supports non-resource, non-energy exports by providing companies with financial and other assistance at all stages of entering international markets, including within the framework of the national project "International Cooperation and Export."

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: October 22, 2025.

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The business game "IT – the hands and eyes of the engineer of the future" was held at the State University of Management.

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Source: Official website of the State –

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On October 22, 2025, the State University of Management hosted a business game, "IT – the Hands and Eyes of the Engineer of the Future," for students in grades 10-11 as part of the RosGeoTech Advanced Engineering School (AES) project at the M.D. Millionshchikov Grozny State Petroleum Technological University (GSOTU).

Before the master class, Maxim Pletnev, Head of the Scientific Research Coordination Department at the State University of Management, introduced the guests to the extensive work of the RosGeoTech Scientific School, which covers such areas as alternative energy, power engineering, oil and gas, as well as autonomous unmanned and robotic innovative systems.

Andrey Luzhetsky, head of the RosGeoTech School of Industrial and Applied Sciences, addressed the participants with a welcoming speech.

The central part of the event was a presentation by Dmitry Taldykin, a junior research fellow at the Reverse Engineering Laboratory. He vividly demonstrated how neural networks are transforming from a tool for automating routine tasks into intelligent partners capable of unlocking human potential.

"We're stopping asking AI, 'What can you do for me?' and starting asking, 'How can you help me think better, solve more complex problems, and learn faster?'" Dmitry Taldykin began his presentation.

He presented a project to the students to create a personalized learning system based on large-scale language models. The students learned how AI adapts educational content in real time to each student's cognitive style and learning speed, transforming passive information acquisition into an active dialogue.

The topic of "cognitive enhancement" was of particular interest to the audience. Dmitry Taldykin discussed the development of brain-computer interfaces that enable the use of AI to expand working memory and accelerate big data analysis. The students were able to see how neural network algorithms can be used to identify hidden patterns in scientific research and generate new hypotheses.

The scientist also discussed the role of AI in developing critical thinking. He explained the concept of "intellectual counterbalance"—when AI doesn't provide ready-made answers, but rather challenges human arguments, helping to test their strength and avoid cognitive biases.

The lecture clearly demonstrated that the future lies in the symbiosis of human and artificial intelligence. The knowledge gained motivates young researchers not to fear technology but to actively engage in its development, so that they can collaborate with machines to solve problems currently beyond the capabilities of either type of intelligence alone. The event aimed to foster a new generation of leaders prepared to collaborate with advanced technologies.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: October 22, 2025.

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Faster, Higher, Stronger: GUU sports club members attended the "ASSK. START 2025" intensive course.

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Source: Official website of the State –

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Representatives from the State University of Management participated in the All-Russian Intensive Forum of Student Sports Clubs, which took place in Yekaterinburg from October 17 to 20.

More than 100 young people from 37 university clubs across the country gathered on the campus of Ural Federal University (UrFU) to discuss the development of student sports and exchange experiences.

GUU was represented by Alena Zaykina, Deputy Director of the GUU Student Sports Club, and Daria Shtyrina, Lead Specialist. Over the course of four intense days, the girls participated in discussions, seminars, and a thematic hackathon, where they immediately applied their acquired knowledge in practice.

Speakers included Pavel Krutov, First Deputy Executive Director of the Association of Student Sports Clubs of Russia (ASSC); Ivan Manzharov, a sports official with experience organizing international and all-Russian events; Luiza Prokopyeva, Deputy Executive Director of the ASSC of Russia; Olga Kotlyarova, President of the Sverdlovsk Region branch of the Russian Student Sports Union and Olympic bronze medalist; and other prominent experts.

The "ASSK. Start 2025" forum became more than just an educational platform; it also provided a comfortable space for the exchange of constructive ideas. Participants explored the process of launching and supporting a university club, from its structure formation to the first competitions and events. Finally, they presented their own projects aimed at developing university sports in the country.

It's worth noting that this annual intensive program by the Russian Association of Sportsmen and Women is supported by Rosmolodezh Grants and brings together students for whom sport is energy, teamwork, and a path to new achievements.

We congratulate the SSK GUUSI team on their success at the forum and wish them further victories – both athletic and professional!

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: October 22, 2025.

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Mainland China calls for evidence of 'Taiwanese psychological warfare squad'

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — The Chinese mainland welcomes the active provision of information by compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait regarding the illegal activities of 18 key members of Taiwan's "psychological warfare unit," Zhu Fenglian, spokesperson for the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, said on Wednesday.

She made the statement while commenting, at the media's request, on a recent notice from the Xiamen City Public Security Bureau (Fujian Province, eastern China) offering a reward for evidence proving the illegal activities of the aforementioned group.

"We hope that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait will actively provide relevant evidence, resolutely oppose any form of separatist actions aimed at achieving 'Taiwan independence,' and firmly adhere to safeguarding national reunification," Zhu Fenglian told reporters.

According to her, the decision of the Xiamen Municipal Public Security Bureau is a concrete measure to implement the recommendations for criminal punishment of individuals who stubbornly advocate "Taiwan independence," divide the country, or incite its split, and a just step to protect the common interests of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.

Taiwan is part of China's territory, Zhu Fenglian noted, adding that anyone who threatens the country's sovereignty, security, and development interests will certainly be punished in accordance with state laws.

Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) administration is manipulating the "psychological warfare unit" to smear and attack the mainland, spread false ideas about "Taiwan independence," and incite secession, Zhu Fenglian said, stressing that "the facts are clear and the evidence is undeniable."

Recently, mainland Chinese media accused five Taiwanese companies of supporting Taiwan's "psychological warfare unit," prompting the DPP administration to claim that "the mainland is trying to intimidate Taiwanese companies."

In response, Zhu Fenglian said that legally curbing such illegal activities in mainland China is a fair and necessary step to ensure national security and protect the legitimate rights and interests of people and enterprises. -0-

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Guangdong Province plans to establish a demonstration zone for the integrated development of artificial intelligence and manufacturing industries.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

GUANGZHOU, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — South China's Guangdong Province has set a goal of accelerating the construction of a demonstration zone for the integrated development of artificial intelligence and manufacturing industries that will have a global impact.

This goal is envisaged by the action plan for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry using AI in Guangdong Province (2025-2027), which was developed and published recently by the people's government of this province.

At a press conference on Wednesday, Qu Xiaojie, Deputy Director of the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, announced that Guangdong is one of China's regions with the most developed manufacturing industry and a high concentration of AI industries. Currently, there are over 1,600 leading AI enterprises there, contributing to the transformation and modernization of the manufacturing industry.

The province will build a corps of industrial intelligent agents with data processing and intelligent decision-making capabilities, and use AI technologies to promote the modernization and upgrade of key industrial software, intelligent equipment, and industrial internet platforms.

Guangdong Province will promote the large-scale application of AI in industry and encourage leading enterprises to implement a range of AI projects. It will also focus on establishing a group of state-level centers to facilitate the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry.

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China's Guangdong Province reported a significant increase in foreign investment.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

GUANGZHOU, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — International enterprises and capital have shown growing confidence in south China's Guangdong Province by making substantial investments, the provincial government said Wednesday.

From January to September of this year, 24,000 new foreign-invested enterprises were established in Guangdong Province, a 33.7 percent increase from the previous year, underscoring its role as a key destination for international capital.

Key data showed significant growth: actual foreign investment reached 78.13 billion yuan (approximately $11 billion), up 8.8 percent year-on-year. Investment from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) grew by 18.4 percent year-on-year, with significant growth in investment from developed countries such as the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom.

The manufacturing sector stood out, with foreign investment growing by 23.5 percent. Industries such as specialized equipment and electrical engineering saw significant growth, demonstrating high confidence in Guangdong Province's industrial capabilities and long-term potential.

Official data showed that, to date, more than 360,000 foreign-invested enterprises have been established in Guangdong Province, and the volume of foreign investment actually used has exceeded US$600 billion. -0-

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Mainland China strongly opposes US arms sales to Taiwan.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — State Council Taiwan Affairs Office spokesperson Zhu Fenglian expressed strong opposition to U.S. arms sales to Taiwan at a press conference Wednesday.

Zhu Fenglian made the statement while commenting at the media's request on reports that the United States may sell Taiwan a record amount of weapons next year.

"We have always clearly and resolutely opposed the sale of American weapons to the Chinese region of Taiwan," Zhu Fenglian said.

She emphasized that the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) administration had squandered funds that could have been used to improve living conditions on the island in order to curry favor with outside powers. This, she said, could only bring dire hardship to Taiwan's compatriots.

She reiterated that the Taiwan issue is an exclusively internal matter for China and does not allow for external interference.

She criticized some people in the US for using Taiwan as a pawn for their political and economic interests and called on the US to adhere to the one-China principle and the three Sino-US joint communiqués. -0-

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October 21, 2025 The visitor center as a point of attraction in the protected area

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Preserved Embassy Foundation

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The visitor center is the entry point for everyone visiting a protected area for the first time. It is equally important for local residents. How were the needs of key visitor groups considered when creating the new visitor center at Smolenskoye Poozerie National Park in the village of Przhevalskoye? Natalia Butorina, an expert with the Zapovedniki Ecocenter and the Zapovednoye Polostvo Foundation, who participated in the visitor center's design, answers the question.

Visitor centers of specially protected natural areas (SPNAs) are multifunctional complexes. Their primary goals are to visually present the natural and historical attractions of the SPNAs, direct visitor flows, and provide up-to-date information and recreational services.

In Smolenskoye Poozerie National Park, almost all educational trails are connected to the recreational hub around the village of Przhevalskoye. Therefore, the optimal location for the new visitor center was chosen at the entrance to the village—convenient for tourists and within walking distance for locals.

When developing the concept for the visitor center building, a special questionnaire was used to collect data on the needs of future visitors. This helped the architects design the three-module building complex and develop a development plan for the adjacent area. The central module is being constructed as a welcoming guest area, housing an information center, a workshop space, an office for staff, a cloakroom, and restrooms. To the right of the main entrance is a large exhibition hall, "The Heritage of Smolensk Poozerie." A separate section of the visitor center building is a multifunctional hall accommodating up to 100 people for various educational events, with video and audio capabilities.

The new visitor center's infrastructure will significantly expand the range of annual environmental education events at the national park. These will include introductory tours of the exhibits, game programs, creative competitions, and temporary exhibitions, as well as events such as nature conservation festivals and environmental education campaigns. The visitor center's multifaceted activities are aimed at promoting the values of Smolenskoye Poozerie Park, increasing public support, and developing visitors' environmental awareness.

The visitor center, as a focal point for visitors to Smolenskoye Poozerie, is focused on introducing them to the national park's tourism opportunities in various formats: one-day and multi-day tours, volunteering, recreation at tourist centers and in private accommodation, and participation in events. One of the key indicators of success will be tourists' desire to return to Poozerie or recommend the tour to their friends.

For local residents, the visitor center offers a new opportunity for engaging leisure activities and expanding their horizons in the familiar places of the Demidovsky District. Themed excursions and workshops, game programs for children and families, creative competitions, and club and hobby groups are just a few of the opportunities available. Visitor centers typically serve as the basis for Friends of Protected Areas clubs, which coordinate community engagement programs. Thus, the visitor center in Przhevalskoye has the potential to become a "third place" (a place for leisure and recreation, as sociologist Ray Olbendurg calls it) for local residents—an interesting place to spend their free time outside of work or school.

The new visitor center will also foster local economic growth through partnerships between residents and the national park. This will include new jobs, opportunities to sell souvenirs, and the promotion of private initiatives to create recreational services for tourists.

The active work of the visitor center creates a multiplier effect that draws new partners of the national park into sustainable long-term cooperation.

*The visitor center is one of the stages of a joint project between the Zapovednoye Posledstvo Foundation and the Smolenskoye Poozerie National Park, implemented with the support of JTI Russia.

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Financial news: 10/22/2025, 11:57 (Moscow time) the values of the upper limit of the price corridor and the range of market risk assessment for the security RU000A0JQAM6 (DOM.RF15ob) were changed.

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Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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October 22, 2025

11:57

In accordance with the Methodology for determining the risk parameters of the stock market and deposit market of PJSC Moscow Exchange by the National Credit Center (JSC) on October 22, 2025, 11:57 (Moscow time), the values of the upper limit of the price corridor (up to 110.45) and the range of market risk assessment (up to 1182.73 rubles, equivalent to a rate of 13.75%) for the security RU000A0JQAM6 (DOM.RF15ob) were changed.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.