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Save the Snow Leopard: Volunteers in Central Asia Rush to the Aid of the "Ghost of the Mountains"

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: United Nations – United Nations –

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A dire situation

Snow leopards, or irbis, are threatened by poaching, the decline of the ungulates they prey on, conflicts with humans, and habitat destruction due to infrastructure development and climate change. Poachers kill snow leopards for their valuable fur, and local residents may shoot them for attacking livestock, which occurs when predators lack wild prey.

October 23rd is International Snow Leopard Day. It was chosen to draw attention to the dwindling snow leopard population and to unite international efforts to conserve this rare animal.

Today, there are only 3,500 to 7,000 individuals left in the world. The species is officially classified as "vulnerable," just one step away from being considered "endangered."

Experts say the snow leopard's plight is emblematic of a larger wildlife crisis unfolding in the snow-capped mountains of Central Asia.

© UNEP/A.L. Lopez

But the situation in some areas offers hope. Among them is a section of the Tien Shan mountain range in Kyrgyzstan. A small group of volunteer rangers has taken on the task of patrolling 380 square kilometers of one of the harshest areas in Central Asia.

Braving the freezing cold, they try to protect the snow leopard and preserve its habitat.

Kyrgyzstan's Mountains: A Struggle for Survival

More than 90 percent of Kyrgyzstan, a landlocked country of 7 million people, is mountainous. The country's peaks are home to a variety of wildlife, including argali (a type of sheep known for its large, curled horns), Siberian ibex (one of the largest ibex in the world), and Tien Shan ibex (a type of deer). However, many of these animals are suffering from climate change and human activity.

For generations, Kyrgyzstan's vast plains and high-altitude meadows supported thriving livestock farming. However, according to locals, rising temperatures are drying up glacier-fed springs, and falling humidity is depriving lowland grasses of moisture. This is forcing herders to move higher into the mountains—to areas once home to snow leopards and their prey.

© UNEP/A.L. Lopez

The consequences for wildlife could be catastrophic, conservationists say. The habitats of many migratory animals, including snow leopards, are shrinking. Wild sheep, deer, and other herbivores are forced to compete with livestock for grazing land. Furthermore, many wild animals face an increasing risk of contracting livestock-borne diseases, to which they have little or no immunity.

UN support

Several conservation projects aim to counter these negative factors. Among them is a project implemented by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in collaboration with local partners, the non-governmental organizations CAMP Alatoo and the Ilbirs Foundation, with financial support from Germany. It aims to help rural communities adapt to a rapidly changing climate and protect the wildlife surrounding them.

Among other things, UNEP supported the creation of a 200-kilometer-wide ecological corridor connecting several nature reserves in Kyrgyzstan. This "wildlife superhighway," comprising 10,000 square kilometers of protected areas, allows species to migrate in a changing climate. It is considered critical for the survival of migratory animals such as argali and Siberian ibex, the snow leopard's primary prey.

See with my own eyes

Part of the corridor is patrolled by volunteer rangers like 51-year-old Baatyrbek Akmatov. He and five others are responsible for patrolling the 380-kilometer Baiboosun Public Nature Reserve in northern Kyrgyzstan. Many of the rangers are former hunters.

© UNEP/A.L. Lopez

They travel by car and even on horseback, tracking down both poachers and shepherds who bring their cattle into ecologically sensitive areas.

"We decided to start this project because otherwise we'll lose everything," Akmatov says, referring to the Jaeger Corps. "I don't want to show my children on my phone that we once had such nature, such animals. I want them to see it with their own eyes."

Dangerous work

The Kyrgyz government cannot pay rangers, but authorities have granted them the authority to manage the corridor and arrest poachers. A UNEP initiative, officially known as the "Adaptation of Mammals to Climate Change in Central Asia" project, provided equipment and training.

Patrols can sometimes last three days and take volunteers deep into the Tien Shan. It's dangerous work. Rangers often operate alone (by splitting up, they can cover more territory) and encounter landslides, flash floods, and severe thunderstorms. Sometimes they find themselves face-to-face with armed poachers.

At first, many local residents, including shepherds who feared being banned from grazing their livestock, were outraged by the patrols. But over time, the animals they hunt began to return to the mountains. The snow leopard population is also recovering. In recent months, 12 big cats have been spotted in and around Baiboosun.

New economic opportunities

Animals bring with them new economic opportunities, such as ecotourism.

"People's thinking is changing. They understand the importance of protecting their environment," says Akmatov.

Local partners of a UNEP-led project are training mountain residents in climate-adapted and environmentally friendly farming practices. In the village of Chon-Zhargylchak, women like Eliya Ismailova have been trained in beekeeping, cheesemaking, and greenhouse crop cultivation, increasing their income. Ismailova called this program "a real godsend for the village," which has long struggled with unemployment.

Experts are also working to raise public awareness of the role of wildlife. More than 200 Kyrgyz teachers have been trained in biodiversity. This knowledge is being passed on to students, who staged a play about the life of snow leopards in Chon-Zhargylchak.

© UNEP/A.L. Lopez

Preserve biodiversity

The UNEP-led project aims to support the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, a landmark 2022 agreement designed to protect wildlife. Among other things, the pact calls on countries to expand protected areas and strengthen ecosystem connections.

Ismailova's husband, Talant Yusupov, leads a group of rangers from the village. He says the patrols are beginning to bear fruit. For the first time in nearly two decades, wild boar have returned to the area. Siberian ibex, previously virtually unknown, are now regularly sighted. Furthermore, deer antlers have been discovered in the mountains, a sign that they, too, may be making a comeback.

"I'm very optimistic," says Ismailova, who has five children. "We used to tell the children stories about how wild boars and fish once lived here. Now I'm happy they can see it."

*The article was prepared based on UNEP materials.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Will AI help in the fight against biological weapons?

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: United Nations – United Nations –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dina Neskorozhana

October 23, 2025 Peace and security

Many viruses and bacteria can be turned into weapons of mass destruction. Although virtually all countries have joined the Biological Weapons Convention, allegations of their use continue to surface, making the issue of verification, especially in light of the capabilities of new technologies, particularly important.

Deadly, silent, invisible

When we mention "biological weapons," many recall stories of ancient times, throwing blankets infested with lice or smallpox into enemy camps, or modern narratives of infected insects and secret laboratories. Another memorable scene: on February 5, 2003, US Secretary of State Colin Powell demonstrated a vial of supposedly anthrax at a UN Security Council meeting.

Many of these stories are controversial, and modern-day mutual accusations of biological weapons development between states are often not officially confirmed. However, behind the legends lies a sinister reality, as James Revill, head of the Weapons of Mass Destruction and Space Security Programs at the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), explains.

"Biological weapons are traditionally understood as agents that cause harm through infection. These can include viruses, such as smallpox, and bacteria, such as anthrax, along with a wide range of other biological agents. Biological weapons can affect humans, animals, and plants, causing consequences ranging from mass destruction to localized attacks, economic sabotage, or assassinations," Revill noted.

The danger of biological weapons lies in their ability to spread rapidly, yet silently and undetected, among the population. This is why, the expert added, such weapons are considered "unacceptable" and the international community has agreed to ban them completely.

Biological weapons typically consist of two components—an agent and a delivery vehicle, similar to the lice and blankets in the examples above. Agents such as aflatoxin, anthrax, botulinum toxin, foot-and-mouth disease, melioidosis, plague, Q fever, ricin, smallpox, and tularemia have been developed over the years. Delivery vehicles range from missiles and bombs to aerial sprayers and simple tools for stealth attacks.

When a disease outbreak begins, it's often impossible to determine whether it arose naturally, accidentally, or as a result of the deliberate use of a biological weapon. The true nature of biological weapons lies in their indiscriminate nature: they do not distinguish between friend and foe, inflicting equal cruelty on those who use them and those they target.

Biological Weapons Convention

Fearing the catastrophic consequences of biological warfare, the international community developed the Biological Weapons Convention (BTWC). This treaty prohibits the development, production, acquisition, transfer, stockpiling, and use of biological and toxin weapons.

The Convention opened for signature on April 10, 1972, and entered into force on March 26, 1975. Today, it has achieved near-universal application. The Convention expands on the provisions of the 1925 Geneva Protocol, which prohibited only the use of biological weapons, by extending this prohibition to their development and storage.

Call from the US President

Speaking at the UN General Assembly in September 2025, US President Donald Trump highlighted the dangers posed by biological weapons and announced that his country would lead international efforts to develop an AI-based biosecurity verification system. He also called on the UN to play a constructive role in advancing these efforts.

"If we ever use biological weapons, the world could literally cease to exist," he said. "Then there would be no United Nations to talk about it."

The US President linked his warning to the lessons of the pandemic, which he blamed on "irresponsible experiments abroad," and announced plans for a new international initiative to strengthen the Convention, centered on a robust AI-based verification system. According to Trump, this would be one of the first global examples of how AI can strengthen collective security, rather than undermine it. Russia quickly supported this US initiative.

The UN's role in strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention

The UN has stated that it does not intend to shy away from disarmament challenges.

"Neither the United Nations itself nor the Office for Disarmament Affairs will escape the challenges of today," Under-Secretary-General Izumi Nakamitsu emphasized at a meeting of the First Committee of the UN General Assembly. "On the contrary, current institutional challenges and trends in international security should inspire us to reaffirm the value of disarmament."

Commenting on Trump's initiative, James Revill of UNIDIR noted that, despite limited resources, the UN continues to play a key role in implementing and strengthening the Convention and the biocontrol system as a whole.

"A small four-person unit—the Secretariat for Supporting the Implementation of the Convention—coordinates discussions, assists the working group on strengthening the Convention, supports the implementation of commitments, and monitors confidence-building measures. Furthermore, the UN Secretary-General's mechanism for investigating cases of possible use of biological weapons remains accessible and effective, and work has recently been underway to modernize its capabilities," the expert explained.

Under Article 6 of the Convention, any State Party may file a complaint with the UN Security Council regarding a violation of its provisions. In such a case, the Security Council instructs the UN Secretary-General to examine allegations regarding the use or threat of use of biological weapons for validity.

Artificial Intelligence and Bioweapons Control

Today, the Convention remains an intergovernmental treaty, and even after half a century, states continue to disagree on how best to strengthen it. AI can help collect, standardize, and analyze data on biological activity across countries, creating a more accurate picture of compliance. However, according to Revill, technology alone is not enough: progress still requires institutions, political will, and financial resources.

New technologies can also be used by other parties. "Artificial intelligence, for example, could be used to create new biological agents or enable actors with less advanced resources to produce primitive forms of biological weapons. Furthermore, AI is increasingly being used to spread disinformation – whether through natural outbreaks or deliberate attacks," Reville emphasized.

The expert added that AI alone is not enough to create weapons; it requires a combination of technologies, equipment, and expertise. Advances in genome editing, the development of research projects, and new delivery systems—all of these, while being developed for peaceful purposes, can also be used for destructive purposes, requiring constant assessment of emerging threats.

Violations of the Convention

Revill noted that "over the past century, several states, including major powers, have had offensive biological weapons programs." There are also a few credible cases of bioterrorism by non-state actors, but information about these programs remains fragmentary. To verify the accusations countries make against each other, an effective verification system, backed by modern AI capabilities, is needed.

Renewed attention to the topic

The increased attention to the Biological Weapons Convention by the United States and other states is perceived as a long-awaited opportunity to strengthen its "verification mechanism," a UN News Service source emphasizes.

The coming years will tell whether artificial intelligence can become, as Trump put it, “a great force for good” – or, on the contrary, reinforce humanity’s old fears of invisible threats.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Brazilian chef to treat world leaders to traditional indigenous dishes

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: United Nations – United Nations –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Felipe de Carvalho

October 23, 2025 Culture and education

Professional chef and indigenous rights advocate Taina Marajoara will lead the kitchen at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) in Belém, Brazil. In an interview with the UN News Service, she explained that over 10 tons of organic food produced within fair food systems will be purchased for the summit.

Taina Marajoara, founder of the cultural and gastronomic collective Ponto de Cultura Alimentar Iacitatá, was chosen to serve the kitchen serving all conference participants. According to her, heads of state and government, ministers, and other forum participants will be offered food that "does not poison, does not pollute, and does not kill—either through disease or conflict."

"We'll serve canapira, a Marajoaran dish still made in my native families, and not just in indigenous communities," explains Taina. "After much debate, we agreed on a lot of acai. We'll serve manisoba, a traditional dish from the state of Pará. It's also an indigenous food. It's made from cassava leaves boiled for seven days with pork. There will be plenty of tucupi, jambu, and chili peppers. We'll serve tacacá, fish in tucupi, and piraruca. We plan to buy at least two tons of this fish."

© Agência Brasil/M. Camargo

Gastronomic message

"We want to show that living in peace is possible. We must live in peace," says Taina, speaking about the heritage of indigenous peoples. "COP30 will provide space for our ancestral diplomacy. We will make it clear that the connection between the lives of indigenous peoples and local communities and food sovereignty must be recognized. As long as ancestral lands continue to be exploited, and violence spreads across fields, waters, forests, deserts, and glaciers, we are being killed—and our cultures too."

Climate Justice Kitchen

Taina gave an interview to the UN News Service while in Rome, where she is participating in the World Food Forum, held at the headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Photo by UN News Service

Taina says indigenous food systems are closely linked to traditional knowledge and spirituality, and she laments that this wisdom is often ignored or simply erased from generations' memories. For her, gastronomic magic is part of the "cultural diplomacy of our ancestors." She hopes this initiative will serve as a model for future international conferences.

"We will have a kitchen based on climate justice. This is the first UN Climate Change Conference with a kitchen run by community and family farmers, and that's very important," says Taina. "But it shouldn't begin or end at COP30. We want this to become a historic milestone and spread around the world, so that our example is applied at other UN meetings."

The key to climate protection

Taina emphasizes that food sovereignty is inseparable from indigenous self-determination and environmental protection. She hopes that the climate forum in Brazil will help advance the principle of legitimate recognition of indigenous peoples' traditional territories as a key element of global climate policy.

Taina believes the world is "in a state of collapse" and that there's no more time for endless negotiations. "Protecting the territories of indigenous peoples and local communities," she says, "is the real way to save our planet's climate."

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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The Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee called for spreading the spirit of the 4th Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) — The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held a video conference on Thursday to study, disseminate and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which just concluded in Beijing.

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing from October 20 to 23. Participants reviewed and adopted the CPC Central Committee's Proposals for the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.

Li Shulei, a member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a speech at the meeting.

The meeting participants emphasized that conscientiously studying and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee at present and in the near future are important political tasks for the entire Party and the entire country.

During the meeting, a call was made to workers on the propaganda, ideological and cultural fronts to consistently and pragmatically carry out the work of studying, disseminating, explaining and implementing the spirit of the plenum, awakening enthusiasm for understanding and practically implementing this spirit throughout the Party and throughout society.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Nine people killed in bus-truck collision in central Ethiopia

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Addis Ababa, October 23 (Xinhua) — At least nine people were killed and several others injured when a passenger bus collided with a truck in central Ethiopia, local authorities confirmed on Thursday.

The accident occurred on Wednesday evening in the East Shoa region of the country's largest region, Oromia, when a bus carrying mostly medical workers collided with a truck traveling in the opposite direction, the local public relations office said in a statement.

Seven of the dead were medical personnel, and eight others were injured, three of whom are in critical condition. The injured are currently receiving medical care at nearby medical facilities.

According to the statement, the bus was carrying 28 people, most of whom were employees of medical centers in the region and were heading to Haramaya University to participate in a vocational training program. –0–

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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A RUDN University student's project was awarded a diploma at the "Architecture in Siberia" festival.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peoples'Friendship University of Russia

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First-year RUDN University master's student Genrikh Bartels (Architectural Environment Design program) was one of the winners of the "Architecture in Siberia 2025" architectural festival, which took place in September in Irkutsk.

His project "Archliths"—an urban development model for the development of Siberian territories—was awarded a diploma by the jury. The idea was developed under the guidance of Yegor Orlov, a senior lecturer at RUDN University.

A city on three levels

"Archlyths" is a concept for creating a new, multi-layered landscape for living and working in challenging climates. The designer envisions long, four- to five-story buildings, one half of which will house residential spaces in a linear fashion, while the other half will house all the service and public spaces, including gyms, swimming pools, libraries, and coworking spaces. Narrow strips of rooftops could be used for orchards or wind turbines to power the complex.

Industrial archliths are expected to have a much larger floor area than residential ones. They can occupy the lower and middle levels of the city's layered structure. These buildings can house waste processing plants, assembly plants, and server centers, while the upper floors can be used for office space. The roofs of such archliths can be used for agricultural fields, the construction of communities of individual and semi-detached houses, and sports facilities.

In general, the development structure of populated areas according to the project is divided into three main levels:

Lower ("suburb"): contains utilities, transport hubs, and processing plants. Middle ("city"): is reserved for office and commercial spaces. Upper ("outskirts"): is intended for farms, gardens, and low-rise housing with private plots.

This layered spatial structure will be formed by extensive functional platforms. According to the RUDN University student, such a city structure will allow people to find themselves in the desired environment—business, industrial, or rural—at any given time by simply moving to a different level.

According to Heinrich's concept, the archlithes' transportation system would consist of four main levels, each nested within its own layer. At the base of the structure would be a railway with intercity high-speed trains. Slightly above would be an internal metro system, and above that, highways for individual vehicles and taxis, with park-and-ride areas in designated functional zones, from which elevators would extend outward (within the supporting structural elements). Only cable cars would run along the surface of the archlithes. This solution would potentially reduce the urban density and partially relieve traffic congestion in the community.

From the idea for Elon Musk's competition to victory in Irkutsk

As Genrikh explained, work on the "Archiliths" began back in 2023 for the international XPRIZE Carbon Removal competition, initiated by Elon Musk. Participants were asked to propose an architectural solution for reducing the planet's carbon footprint.

After six months of work, Genrikh and his supervisor, Yegor, presented an innovative urban development model. Later, a scientific article, "Archliths as a Sustainable Development Strategy for Future Cities," was written for the academic journal "Academic Bulletin of the UralNIIproekt RAASN."

"When finalizing the project for the Irkutsk festival, the key challenge was developing a system of principles capable of ensuring a comfortable urban environment in the extreme climatic conditions of Siberia," says Heinrich Bartels.

This year, the festival was held in an open format for the first time, allowing thousands of Irkutsk residents to experience projects by leading Russian architects.

"Citizens were able to freely explore the exhibits while strolling. This was especially valuable, as architectural design is usually closed to the public," says Heinrich Bartels.

When asked about the future of his research, the student replied that he would use it to work on his master's thesis. It will focus on architecture in the extreme climatic conditions of the Far North.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Marat Khusnullin launched traffic on several road sections at the specialized exhibition "Road-2025"

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Government of the Russian Federation – Government of the Russian Federation –

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Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin officially opened the International Specialized Exhibition "Road 2025" in Stavropol Krai. As part of the program, the Deputy Prime Minister launched a number of road projects, toured the exhibition, and participated in a plenary session.

"Road transport consistently ranks first in the country in terms of freight volume and, compared to other modes of transport, demonstrates annual growth. This is facilitated not only by its accessibility and cost-effectiveness, but also by the rapid pace of road infrastructure renovation. Our shared goal is to preserve this while implementing the national project "Infrastructure for Life." The government has updated its road development plan for the period up to 2030, with a forecast to 2036. The strategic objective is to ensure seamless logistics within the backbone network, given the growing motorization, increasing traffic volume, and increasing population mobility, so that as many of our citizens as possible can use high-quality roads and convenient routes. They reduce travel times, connect cities and regions, and improve road safety. The geography of the facilities opened today is vast, including the Amur and Vologda regions, the republics of Bashkortostan, Dagestan, Sakha (Yakutia), and the Lugansk People's Republic. I thank everyone involved in this wonderful event. This is another important step in improving the quality of life for our citizens. I thank the organizers, Rosavtodor, the Governor of Stavropol Krai, and his team for the excellent preparation of the exhibition," said Marat Khusnullin.

Among the newly opened facilities is a new overpass over the Trans-Siberian Railway in the village of Seryshevo in the Amur Region. It will connect the areas of the village separated by the railway and ensure reliable transportation, including for emergency services.

Following reconstruction, traffic has been reopened on a section of the R-504 "Kolyma" highway in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which will ensure safe travel to Magadan.

Two sections of the R-217 "Kavkaz" highway in the Republic of Dagestan were also repaired. They were expanded as part of the development of the North-South international transport corridor.

The reconstructed bridge across the Ik River on the Oktyabrsky-Urussu road in the Republic of Bashkortostan, on the border with the Republic of Tatarstan, will ensure uninterrupted transport links between the regions.

Additionally, sections of the A-114 highway with a roundabout in the Vologda region have opened, providing transport access to one of the largest chemical plants in our country.

The Raygorodka-Slavyanoserbsk-Mikhailovka section of the road has been reopened in the Luhansk People's Republic. This is the final stage of the 56.2-kilometer road restoration completed by Avtodor State Company over the past two years.

At the industry event, Marat Khusnullin also toured the exhibition, including company and regional booths, and new equipment and machinery. A demonstration of paving the upper layers of a road using domestically produced unmanned equipment was also held. Participants were also shown remote control technology for paving the lower layer of asphalt. A bulldozer, located several thousand kilometers away in Chelyabinsk, was remotely controlled from Mineralnye Vody by Yuri Osolodkov, a recipient of the Order of Courage and veteran of the Air Defense Forces.

During his speech at the plenary session, Marat Khusnullin outlined the priorities that will need to be addressed in the coming years. In the current geopolitical environment, the country needs to develop new logistics routes, which includes not only the construction of new roads but also the expansion of existing highways, as well as the implementation of intelligent transport systems and modern traffic management methods.

"Thanks to the support of the President, the Prime Minister, and the work of regional teams, we've accomplished a great deal to improve federal, regional, and metropolitan roads. However, an even larger number of municipal roads are in need of repair. We're paying special attention to this in the national project 'Infrastructure for Life.' We also need to focus on maintaining the road network in the face of increasing traffic and freight traffic. Overall, we're in a good position in the road sector. We have a professional team, the capabilities, and the resources—we just need to get to work and move forward," the Deputy Prime Minister said.

He also emphasized the importance of retaining labor resources in the industry, retraining personnel, increasing labor productivity, and reducing procedures in construction.

In addition, Marat Khusnullin presented industry representatives with Presidential Certificates of Honor, Government letters of gratitude, and letters of thanks from the Prime Minister for their professional achievements.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Marat Khusnullin held a meeting on the socio-economic development of the Stavropol Territory.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Government of the Russian Federation – Government of the Russian Federation –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin visited Stavropol Krai on a working visit, where he held a meeting on the region's socioeconomic development and held working meetings with Yuri Chaika, Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus Federal District, and Vladimir Vladimirov, Head of Stavropol Krai.

"The Stavropol Krai is demonstrating confident development in a number of important areas. First and foremost, I'd like to commend the regional road team's work. The Stavropol Krai is among the country's leaders. It boasts the highest rate in Russia—almost 90% of roads in urban agglomerations are in good condition. It's important to maintain these results by intensifying efforts to improve roads within populated areas. The volume of housing commissioned in the Stavropol Krai in the first nine months of 2025 amounted to almost 1.7 million square meters. There's room for growth, however. Currently, the per capita rate is 0.58 square meters, and by 2030, this figure should reach 0.82 square meters. To achieve this, we need to more actively develop new construction sites," said Marat Khusnullin.

The Deputy Prime Minister also noted the significant potential for integrated development in Stavropol Krai. Seventeen sites, covering over 160 hectares and with potential for over 1.2 million square meters of housing, have been identified for such projects. Fourteen of these projects are already underway.

As part of his working visit, Marat Khusnullin also met with Yuri Chaika, Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus Federal District. They discussed current issues related to the socioeconomic development of the North Caucasus Federal District's constituent entities, including the implementation of infrastructure projects, housing and road construction, and the further development of the macroregion's resort and tourism potential.

At a meeting with Vladimir Vladimirov, Governor of Stavropol Krai, the key topic of discussion was the implementation of the national project "Infrastructure for Life," aimed at improving the quality of life in key communities.

"The Stavropol Krai participates in all federal programs. We are working to achieve the objectives set by the President. We have identified 30 key communities where we must improve the quality of life by 30% by 2030. This work is currently underway. We have already invested almost 25 billion rubles in our key communities. We thank the Russian Government for its support of the region's development," Vladimir Vladimirov noted.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Financial News: Participants of the Moscow Exchange Corporate Governance Forum discussed issues of ensuring a balance of interests between issuers and investors.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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On October 22, 2025, Moscow Exchange held the Corporate Governance Forum. More than 550 people from 380 companies attended the event.

Representatives from the Bank of Russia, the Russian Ministry of Finance, banks, financial and consulting companies, rating agencies, infrastructure, and investors spoke at the panel discussions.

The forum's central theme was the growing role of corporate governance practices in the development of financial markets and companies' businesses. Panel discussions addressed the importance of the board of directors in ensuring shareholder confidence and company sustainability, the importance of ratings, sound risk management, and balancing the interests of issuers and investors.

Discussion of the work of independent directors in Russian companies was a key focus of discussion among forum participants. Among the key issues highlighted was the role of this corporate governance body in ensuring investor rights.

Viktor Zhidkov, Chairman of the Board of Moscow Exchange:

"Moscow Exchange, together with market participants, is continuously working to change the market and ensure the implementation of best corporate governance practices, offering new programs and events. We hold an annual report competition, created an Academy for issuers, and launched a shareholder value creation program. Our forum is an opportunity to exchange opinions and develop new solutions on important issues in the development of corporate relations."

At the end of the forum, a ceremony was held to award the winners. XXVIII annual competition of annual reports

The Moscow Exchange Group operates Russia's largest multifunctional exchange platform for trading stocks, bonds, derivatives, currencies, money market instruments, and commodities. The Group includes a central depository and a clearing center that serves as the central counterparty in the markets, enabling Moscow Exchange to provide its clients with a full range of trading and post-trading services.

Contact information for media: 7 (495) 363-3232PR@moex.com

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Financial news: Three Federal Treasury deposit auctions will take place on October 24, 2025.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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Application selection parameters
Date of the application selection October 24, 2025
Unique identifier for the selection of applications 22025329
Deposit currency rubles
Type of funds funds of the single treasury account
Maximum amount of funds placed in bank deposits, million monetary units 48,000
Placement period, in days 4
Date of deposit October 24, 2025
Refund date October 28, 2025
Interest rate for placement of funds (fixed or floating) FIXED
Minimum fixed interest rate for placement of funds, % per annum 16.23
Basic floating interest rate for placement of funds –
Minimum spread, % per annum –
Terms and conditions for concluding a bank deposit agreement (fixed-term, replenishable or special) Urgent
Minimum amount of funds placed per application, million monetary units 1,000
Maximum number of applications from one credit institution, pcs. 5
Application selection form (open or closed) Open
Application selection schedule (Moscow time)
Venue for the selection of applications Moscow Exchange PJSC
Applications accepted: from 09:30 to 09:40
*Preliminary applications: from 09:30 to 09:35
*Competition mode applications: from 09:35 to 09:40
**Time interval for the end of accepting applications (seconds): –
***Extension period (seconds): –
***Bet step: –
***End of renewal periods: –
Formation of a consolidated register of applications: from 10:30 to 11:00
Setting a cut-off percentage and/or recognizing the selection of applications as unsuccessful: from 10:30 to 11:10
Submitting an offer to credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements: from 11:10 to 12:30
Receiving acceptance of offers to enter into bank deposit agreements from credit institutions: from 11:10 to 12:30
Deposit transfer time In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 63 and 64 of the Order of the Federal Treasury dated April 27, 2023 No. 10n

* for the open form of selection of applications from credit institutions for the conclusion of bank deposit agreements.

** the closing time for accepting applications from credit institutions for concluding bank deposit agreements is set within a time interval and is determined by the exchange’s information software and hardware arbitrarily, within the established time interval.

*** The deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements and for the formation of a consolidated register of applications may be extended if parameters are established for extending the deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements.

Application selection parameters
Date of the application selection October 24, 2025
Unique identifier for the selection of applications 22025330
Deposit currency rubles
Type of funds funds of the single treasury account
Maximum amount of funds placed in bank deposits, million monetary units 50,000
Placement period, in days 81
Date of deposit October 24, 2025
Refund date January 13, 2026
Interest rate for placement of funds (fixed or floating) FLOATING
Minimum fixed interest rate for placement of funds, % per annum –
Basic floating interest rate for placement of funds RUONmDS
Minimum spread, % per annum 0.00
Terms and conditions for concluding a bank deposit agreement (fixed-term, replenishable or special) Urgent
Minimum amount of funds placed per application, million monetary units 1,000
Maximum number of applications from one credit institution, pcs. 5
Application selection form (open or closed) Open
Application selection schedule (Moscow time)
Venue for the selection of applications Moscow Exchange PJSC
Applications accepted: from 09:30 to 09:50
*Preliminary applications: from 09:30 to 09:35
*Competition mode applications: from 09:45 to 09:50**
**Time interval for the end of accepting applications (seconds): 120
***Extension period (seconds): –
***Bet step: –
***End of renewal periods: –
Formation of a consolidated register of applications: from 10:30 to 11:00
Setting a cut-off percentage and/or recognizing the selection of applications as unsuccessful: from 10:30 to 11:10
Submitting an offer to credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements: from 11:10 to 12:30
Receiving acceptance of offers to enter into bank deposit agreements from credit institutions: from 11:10 to 12:30
Deposit transfer time In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 63 and 64 of the Order of the Federal Treasury dated April 27, 2023 No. 10n

* for the open form of selection of applications from credit institutions for the conclusion of bank deposit agreements.

** the closing time for accepting applications from credit institutions for concluding bank deposit agreements is set within a time interval and is determined by the exchange’s information software and hardware arbitrarily, within the established time interval.

*** The deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements and for the formation of a consolidated register of applications may be extended if parameters are established for extending the deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements.

RUONmDS = RUONIA – DS, where RUONIA is the indicative weighted rate for overnight ruble loans (deposits) RUONIA, expressed in hundredths of a percent, published on the Bank of Russia's official website on the day preceding the day for which interest is accrued. If the RUONIA rate is not published on the day preceding the day for which interest is accrued, the most recently published RUONIA rate is used.

DS – discount – a value expressed in hundredths of a percent and rounded (according to the rules of mathematical rounding) to two decimal places, calculated by multiplying the value of the Key Rate of the Bank of Russia by the value of the required reserve ratio for other liabilities of credit institutions for banks with a universal license, non-bank credit institutions (except for long-term ones) in the currency of the Russian Federation, effective on the date for which interest is accrued, and published on the official website of the Bank of Russia on the Internet.

Application selection parameters
Date of the application selection October 24, 2025
Unique identifier for the selection of applications 22025331
Deposit currency rubles
Type of funds funds of the single treasury account
Maximum amount of funds placed in bank deposits, million monetary units 50,000
Placement period, in days 182
Date of deposit October 24, 2025
Refund date April 24, 2026
Interest rate for placement of funds (fixed or floating) FLOATING
Minimum fixed interest rate for placement of funds, % per annum –
Basic floating interest rate for placement of funds RUONmDS
Minimum spread, % per annum 0.00
Terms and conditions for concluding a bank deposit agreement (fixed-term, replenishable or special) Urgent
Minimum amount of funds placed per application, million monetary units 1,000
Maximum number of applications from one credit institution, pcs. 5
Application selection form (open or closed) Open
Application selection schedule (Moscow time)
Venue for the selection of applications Moscow Exchange PJSC
Applications accepted: from 09:30 to 10:00
*Preliminary applications: from 09:30 to 09:35
*Competition mode applications: from 09:55 to 10:00***
**Time interval for the end of accepting applications (seconds): –
***Extension period (seconds): 60
***Bet step: 0.10
***End of renewal periods: 10:30
Formation of a consolidated register of applications: from 10:30 to 11:00
Setting a cut-off percentage and/or recognizing the selection of applications as unsuccessful: from 10:30 to 11:10
Submitting an offer to credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements: from 11:10 to 12:30
Receiving acceptance of offers to enter into bank deposit agreements from credit institutions: from 11:10 to 12:30
Deposit transfer time In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 63 and 64 of the Order of the Federal Treasury dated April 27, 2023 No. 10n

* for the open form of selection of applications from credit institutions for the conclusion of bank deposit agreements.

** the closing time for accepting applications from credit institutions for concluding bank deposit agreements is set within a time interval and is determined by the exchange’s information software and hardware arbitrarily, within the established time interval.

*** The deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements and for the formation of a consolidated register of applications may be extended if parameters are established for extending the deadline for accepting applications from credit institutions to conclude bank deposit agreements.

RUONmDS = RUONIA – DS, where RUONIA is the indicative weighted rate for overnight ruble loans (deposits) RUONIA, expressed in hundredths of a percent, published on the Bank of Russia's official website on the day preceding the day for which interest is accrued. If the RUONIA rate is not published on the day preceding the day for which interest is accrued, the most recently published RUONIA rate is used.

DS – discount – a value expressed in hundredths of a percent and rounded (according to the rules of mathematical rounding) to two decimal places, calculated by multiplying the value of the Key Rate of the Bank of Russia by the value of the required reserve ratio for other liabilities of credit institutions for banks with a universal license, non-bank credit institutions (except for long-term ones) in the currency of the Russian Federation, effective on the date for which interest is accrued, and published on the official website of the Bank of Russia on the Internet.

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