Category: Russia

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October 7, 2025 Climate and environment

Amid rising clean energy trends, UN Secretary-General António Guterres reiterated his call for countries to accelerate the transition away from global warming-causing fossil fuels. His remarks came after the publication of two reports on Tuesday confirming that the "renewable energy revolution" is advancing at an unprecedented pace.

For the first time in history, renewable energy sources have generated more electricity than coal, according to a new report from Ember, a think tank that focuses on accelerating the transition to clean energy.

Energy Transition in Action

In the first half of this year, solar and wind power output outpaced global electricity demand growth, leading to a slight decline in coal and gas's share compared to the same period in 2024.

This was a "key turning point," said Ember senior energy analyst Małgorzata Wiatros-Motyka.

"Solar and wind power are now growing fast enough to meet the growing global demand for electricity. This marks the beginning of a phase where clean energy is keeping pace with demand growth," she said.

Solar energy is the engine of growth

In another report, the International Energy Agency (IEA) said that installed renewable energy capacity continues to grow and will double by 2030.

The agency forecasts that global renewable energy capacity will increase by 4,600 gigawatts – “roughly the same as the combined installed capacity of China, the European Union, and Japan.”

The growth is driven primarily by rapid advances in solar photovoltaic technology, which converts sunlight into energy: it will account for about 80 percent of the increase, followed by wind, hydropower, bioenergy and geothermal energy.

"A better future for all"

Commenting on this news, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres wrote on social media: “The future of clean energy is no longer a distant promise – it is already here.”

He called on the global community to “seize this historic opportunity and inject new momentum into the global transition to a better future for all.”

The reports echo the findings of the Secretary-General's report presented in July. "Moment of Opportunity".

They also reflect the statements of world leaders on Climate summit, which took place in September as part of the UN General Assembly High-Level Week ahead of the UN Climate Conference (COP30), which will be held in Brazil in November of this year.

However, the UN chief has repeatedly emphasized that, despite the progress achieved, the energy transition is not yet happening fast enough and is not proceeding under fair enough conditions.

Efforts must therefore be stepped up if the world is to achieve the goal of keeping global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, as set out in the Paris Climate Agreement.

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October 7, 2025 Peace and security

Renewed fighting in Cabo Delgado Province in northern Mozambique has forced 22,000 people to flee their homes in just one week, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) warned on Tuesday.

The conflict in Cabo Delgado began in 2017. It is waged by armed groups known locally as al-Shabaab, which is unrelated to the Somali movement of the same name. The violence has led to a severe crisis, exacerbated by recurring cyclones, floods, and droughts.

For the first time since the fighting began, all 17 districts of Cabo Delgado were affected. In 2025, more than 100,000 local residents were forced to flee their homes. In total, according to UNHCR, more than 1.3 million people have been displaced, many of whom have fled their homes multiple times. Some of those who previously hosted displaced people are now forced to flee themselves.

Civilians continue to be targeted, with reports of killings, abductions and sexual violence, and children face the risk of forced recruitment to fight.

Women and girls at greatest risk

Women and girls are particularly vulnerable, for example when collecting water or firewood, while people with disabilities and older people are often unable to escape danger. Many have experienced severe trauma and urgently need psychosocial support, UNHCR added.

Violence has increased sharply this year, with more than 500 incidents recorded by August – more than during peak periods in 2022. Violence has included assaults, kidnappings, and destruction of homes and infrastructure.

The healthcare system is on the brink of collapse.

The humanitarian consequences of the crisis are compounded by the virtual collapse of the healthcare system in the north of the country. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 60 percent of healthcare facilities in the worst-hit areas are non-functional due to insecurity, looting, and the displacement of staff.

Vital services, including maternity care, HIV treatment and emergency services, have been critically disrupted.

In the city of Mocimboa da Praia, the only hospital has less than 10 percent of its staff – mostly volunteers trying to keep the emergency department and maternity ward open.

Humanitarian organizations are warning of a growing threat of disease spread, with the onset of the rainy season expected to see an increase in cases of malaria and cholera.

Acute lack of funding

This year's health sector response plan is only 11 percent funded, leading to critical shortages of essential medicines.

UNHCR also faces a significant funding shortfall: of the $352 million needed, the agency has received only $66 million. This severely limits its response capacity, while needs are only growing.

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October 7, 2025 Economic development

Economic growth in Europe and Central Asia has slowed, but the region remains resilient despite global and domestic challenges, according to a new World Bank report.

In 2025, the region's economic growth is likely to be 2.4 percent, down from 3.7 percent in 2024. The main reason is the slowdown in Russia, which accounts for approximately 40 percent of the region's output. Excluding Russia, growth will remain stable at approximately 3.3 percent this year and next.

According to Antonella Bassani, World Bank Vice President for Europe and Central Asia, countries need to implement reforms to boost productivity, create more jobs, and adapt to population changes. To do this, it's important to develop private enterprise, improve education, and strengthen ties with other countries. It's also essential to attract more private investment and transform low-wage positions into full-time, sustainable jobs.

The report emphasizes that investments in infrastructure, education and training, and support for entrepreneurship are the foundation for accelerating economic growth. To create more and better jobs, countries need to invest in human development and improving working conditions. Unleashing the underutilized potential of women and youth is particularly important. This will help offset the expected decline in the labor force—projected to fall by 17 million in the coming decades, particularly in Eastern and Central Europe and the Western Balkans.

At the same time, the number of people of working age will grow in Central Asia and Turkey, creating other challenges—for example, the need to provide employment for everyone. However, development is hampered by issues such as weak competition, small businesses that rarely grow, a lack of funding, outdated education systems, and the large number of state-owned companies that hinder business development.

Ivaylo Izvorski, the World Bank's Chief Economist for the region, believes that each country can find its own path by leveraging its strengths—its people, infrastructure, and natural resources. Focusing on job creation and skills development will help countries achieve sustainable economic growth.

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October 7, 2025 UN

The top news of the day at the UN and around the world: the second anniversary of the attacks on Israel, new detentions of UN staff in Yemen, a rise in climate change-related litigation, World Cotton Day.

Anniversary of the attacks on Israel

October 7 marks two years since the attacks on Israel by Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups. On this occasion, the UN Secretary-General made a statement, in which he honored the memory of the victims, expressed solidarity with the victims and once again demanded the immediate release of all hostages and an end to the bloodshed. According to Antonio GuterresThe events of that day will forever remain etched in people's memories: the attackers brutally murdered more than 1,250 Israelis and foreign citizens. More than 250 people, including women, children, and the elderly, were taken hostage and taken to the Gaza Strip. These events were followed by military action, which led to a humanitarian catastrophe in the enclave.

Detention of UN staff in Yemen

The UN reported new cases of arbitrary detention of UN staff in Yemen by Houthi forces, bringing the total number of detained UN personnel to 54. Some have been in detention since 2021. UN Secretary-General António Guterres strongly condemned these actions, as well as the illegal seizure of UN premises and property in Houthi-controlled areas. The statement noted that such actions hinder the work of humanitarian services and threaten the safety of staff. The whereabouts of the detainees are unknown, and the de facto Houthi authorities continue to deny access to them, despite repeated requests from the UN.

Climate litigation

Number climate-related litigation, is growing rapidly, and they are affecting an increasing number of countries. This trend is noted by the authors of a new report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia University. Among the most significant decisions highlighted in the document is the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice, which affirms the obligations of states to combat climate change. In total, as of June 30, 2025, according to the report, 3,099 climate-related cases were registered worldwide – in 55 countries and 24 international or regional judicial and quasi-judicial bodies. This is significantly more than in 2022 (2,180 cases) and in 2017 (884 cases).

Cotton Day

October 7th – World Cotton DayThis year, the Day focuses on the vast opportunities offered by the cotton sector, including its crucial contribution to international trade and inclusive economic growth. Cotton plays a vital role in the global economy, social sustainability, and international trade. It provides livelihoods for over 100 million families worldwide and helps address key sustainable development challenges. The cotton industry creates jobs, particularly in rural areas, empowers women and youth, and promotes local processing.

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