Visiting the Swiss Chocolate Museum

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Founded in 1819, Cailler is considered the oldest surviving Swiss chocolate brand. The Cailler Chocolate Museum, located at the foot of the Alps in the Gruyère region, is one of Switzerland's most popular tourist destinations. The museum, which combines interactive tours, immersive experiences, and artisan workshops, allows visitors to learn about the origins of cocoa, Swiss chocolate production technology, the high-quality dairy resources of the Gruyère region, and local folk traditions. Since opening in 2010, the museum has welcomed over 5.5 million visitors.

Photo by Xinhua News Agency correspondent Lian Yi.

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The death toll from the explosion at the plant in Kopeysk has risen to nine.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, October 23 (Xinhua) — The death toll from the explosion at a plant in Kopeysk, Chelyabinsk Region, has risen to nine, Governor Alexey Teksler announced on his Telegram channel.

As TASS reported, citing the governor, "nine deaths have been confirmed at this time. Five people were injured, and our medical personnel are doing everything possible to stabilize their condition. We are updating information on the missing."

The regional head emphasized that assistance and support, including psychological support, will be provided to the families and friends of the deceased and the injured. This work has already been organized.

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Four people were killed in an explosion at a plant in Russia's Chelyabinsk region.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, October 23 (Xinhua) – Four people were killed and several were injured in an explosion at a plant in the city of Kopeysk in the Chelyabinsk region, according to regional governor Alexey Teksler.

"At this time, the UAV intrusion theory has not been confirmed," he wrote on his Telegram channel.

The emergency response service named a safety violation as the preliminary cause. –0–

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Ukraine: A powerful wave of attacks across the country

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October 22, 2025 Peace and security

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported on Wednesday a new wave of deadly night attacks across the country, killing and wounding civilians, including children.

The strikes primarily hit the capital, Kyiv. In Kharkiv, residential buildings, a school, and a kindergarten were damaged. Civilian infrastructure, including energy and port facilities, was damaged in several other regions.

The Ukrainian Ministry of Energy confirmed that the attacks affected energy infrastructure across the country, causing power outages. Water supply disruptions were also reported. Train traffic on the railway network was hampered due to damage to tracks.

Since early Wednesday morning, UN and partner humanitarian aid workers have been providing assistance to victims, complementing the work of government emergency services.

In the Kherson region, an interagency humanitarian convoy reached the village of Urozhayne, a frontline settlement regularly subject to shelling and drone attacks. Together with its partners, the UN delivered 11 tons of humanitarian aid for 1,000 residents: food, hygiene and sanitary kits, warm blankets, solar lamps, and medicine. This is the 24th humanitarian convoy sent to the affected areas of the Kherson region this year.

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UN chief at WMO forum: Science and early warning key to saving lives

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October 22, 2025 Climate and environment

No country is immune to the devastating impacts of extreme weather events, UN Secretary-General António Guterres said on Wednesday, calling for early warning systems to be made accessible to all.

"Early warning systems work," he emphasized, speaking at a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) forum in Geneva. "They enable farmers to protect crops and livestock, allow families to evacuate safely, and protect entire communities from destruction."

According to the UN Secretary-General, the mortality rate from natural disasters is at least six times lower in countries with effective early warning systems. He added that a 24-hour warning of impending disaster can reduce damage by 30 percent.

In 2022, the UN Secretary-General launched the Early Warning for All initiative, which aims to ensure that every person on the planet is protected through warning systems by 2027.

According to the WMO, more than half of the world's countries are already equipped with multipurpose early warning systems. Least developed countries have nearly doubled their capacity in this area since official reporting began, but, as Guterres noted, "there's still a long way to go."

At a special session of the World Meteorological Congress earlier this week, countries endorsed the Secretary-General's urgent call to action to address remaining gaps in the monitoring system.

Increased impacts of extreme weather

WMO chief Celeste Saulo, who advocates for the widespread implementation of early warning systems, warned that the impacts of climate change are intensifying: "Extreme weather events are devastating lives and livelihoods, undermining development gains."

She noted that today there is a real opportunity to use climate analytics and technological advances “to build a more sustainable future for all.”

According to the WMO, weather, water and climate hazards have claimed the lives of more than two million people over the past five decades, with 90 percent of deaths occurring in developing countries.

Financing and climate commitments

Antonio Guterres stressed that a significant increase in funding is needed for countries to act "at the speed and scale required."

"To reach every community, a dramatic increase in financing is needed," he said. "Too many developing countries face limited fiscal space, slowing investment growth, unsustainable debt burdens, and systemic risks."

The UN chief called for action to address the root causes of the climate crisis to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels – even though he said that threshold would inevitably be exceeded in the coming years.

"It's already clear: we won't be able to keep warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius in the coming years," Guterres warned. "Overshooting is inevitable. This means we're headed for a period—more or less prolonged and intense—with temperatures above 1.5 degrees Celsius."

However, the Secretary-General continued, humanity is “not doomed to live with warming at 1.5 degrees” if there is a global shift in attitudes towards this problem and countries take the necessary measures.

Ahead of the UN Climate Conference

At the next UN Climate Change Conference, which will take place from November 10 to 21 in Brazil, where countries must commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions over the next decade, "we need to be much more ambitious," Guterres said.

"In Brazil, leaders must agree on a realistic plan to mobilize $1.3 trillion annually by 2035 to finance climate action in developing countries," the UN chief stressed.

Guterres called on developed countries to deliver on their pledge to double climate adaptation funding to $40 billion this year and to provide substantial contributions to the Loss and Damage Fund.

In closing his speech, the Secretary-General expressed solidarity with the scientific community and stressed that the “ideas, knowledge and influence” of WMO, which is celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, “are needed today more than ever.”

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The UN calls for increased action to reduce methane emissions.

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October 22, 2025 Climate and environment

Countries must accelerate action to minimize global temperature rise and reduce methane emissions. Otherwise, the Global Methane Agreement's target of reducing methane emissions by 30 percent by 2030 will not be achieved, according to a new report from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Methane remains the second most significant contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide, accounting for 30 percent of global warming.

Observational data is a vital tool

A critical tool for tracking methane emissions is real-world data, which has historically been underreported. UNEP reports that oil and gas companies—participants in the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership 2.0 (OGMP 2.0), created under the organization's auspices—plan to track a third of global methane emissions using real-world measurements.

“Reducing methane emissions can quickly change the trajectory of global warming, buying time for long-term decarbonisation efforts, so it is encouraging that data-driven tools are helping the oil and gas industry report its emissions and set ambitious reduction targets,” said Inger Andersen, Executive Director of UNEP.

Reaction to warnings

UNEP notes that while in 2024 only one percent of recipients (governments and companies) responded to methane emission warnings recorded by UNEP, this figure has risen to 12 percent this year. However, nearly 90 percent of such warnings remain unanswered.

"To maintain the ability to meet the Paris Agreement's goals, progress in reporting must translate into real emissions reductions. Every company must join the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership 2.0, and governments and operators are obligated to respond to satellite warnings—and then take action to reduce emissions," Andersen emphasized.

Transparency in the industry is growing, but concrete action is needed

OGMP 2.0 is the global standard for measuring and reducing methane emissions in the oil and gas sector and serves as the basis for methane legislation in the world's largest consuming market – the European Union.

Over the past five years, the number of OGMP 2.0 participants has more than doubled. The partnership now includes 153 companies from various countries, representing 42 percent of global oil and gas production.

Today, companies report—or will soon report—one-third of global oil and gas production in accordance with the OGMP 2.0 "Gold Standard," which means emissions are tracked based on actual measurements. This allows not only for effective measurement but also for emission reduction.

Sixty-five companies, representing 17 percent of global oil and gas production, have already achieved the Gold Standard. About 50 companies, representing another 15 percent of global production, are on track to achieve full compliance. Another 22 companies provide emissions data, but their reporting does not yet meet the Gold Standard requirements.

UNEP expands support for companies

UNEP's International Methane Observatory is expanding its Steel Methane Programme, which will, among other things, improve transparency in the sector.

As part of the observatory, UNEP also supported 46 scientific studies on methane across six continents. These studies filled knowledge gaps, including by testing new technologies for measuring emissions at oil and gas facilities and quantifying emissions in coking coal mining regions. The international observatory is also developing estimates of methane emissions from rice cultivation and livestock farming.

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40 migrants died in a boat capsizing off the east coast of Tunisia.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Tunisia, October 22 (Xinhua) – Forty illegal migrants from sub-Saharan Africa died after their boat capsized off the east coast of Tunisia while attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea to Europe, private Tunisian radio station Mosaique FM reported on Wednesday.

According to Mosaique FM, the incident occurred early Wednesday morning near the coastal town of Salakta in the central-eastern province of Mahdia.

Provincial Court of First Instance spokesman Walid Shaterbi reported that several infants were among the dead. He added that another 30 passengers were rescued by Tunisian maritime security forces.

The Mahdia prosecutor's office has launched an investigation into the circumstances of the crash.

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Georgia stands out for its strategic infrastructure, says Deputy Chairman of Turkmenistan's Cabinet of Ministers

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Tbilisi, October 22 (Xinhua) — Georgia is distinguished by its strategic infrastructure and is an important international hub for the Caspian and Black Seas, as well as for transcontinental trade and economic cooperation. This was stated by Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Turkmenistan Rashid Meredov at the Tbilisi Silk Road Forum on Wednesday.

R. Meredov emphasized the strategic importance of Georgia in the regional context.

"I would like to emphasize Georgia's special role in energy and transport. This country is not only an important transport hub; its role is much broader. For Turkmenistan, Georgia is a country distinguished by its strategic infrastructure. Georgia is an important international hub for the Caspian and Black Seas, as well as transcontinental trade and economic cooperation," the Deputy Prime Minister noted.

According to him, to establish new relations between East and West, and to develop the economy, trade, and logistics, it is necessary to create a fundamentally new architecture, the driving force of which will be cooperation between the Caspian countries.

"Turkmenistan has always emphasized the importance of development in the West, particularly the creation of a sustainable corridor in the southern part of the Caspian Sea, leading to the Caucasus and Europe. It is essential to develop the East-West transport corridor and work multilaterally with the countries along the corridor, including Georgia," added R. Meredov.

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NATO policy could lead to a head-on collision between nuclear powers, Russian Foreign Ministry says

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Moscow, October 22 (Xinhua) — NATO countries' hostile policies could lead to a head-on collision between nuclear-armed states. Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov stated this Wednesday at a meeting on Russian nuclear policy and public diplomacy in the nuclear sphere. The event was organized by the Center for Energy and Security with the support of the Presidential Grants Foundation.

"Among the relevant negative factors, we particularly highlight the hostile policies of NATO countries, which could lead to a head-on clash between nuclear powers, as well as the development by this self-proclaimed nuclear alliance of schemes and means for so-called joint nuclear missions, including the expansion of the geographic reach of the US nuclear presence in Europe and the range of countries delegated to deliver US special munitions to targets," S. Ryabkov noted.

According to him, NATO's most dangerous steps include the development of a global and multi-domain US missile defense system and the associated missile defense domes of other Western countries, "the West's buildup of high-precision long-range capabilities for so-called preemptive disarmament strikes, including the forward deployment of ground-based medium- and shorter-range missiles," as well as "the plans of the US and a number of its allies to deploy weapons into space, turning it into a combat environment."

This “not only creates serious obstacles to constructive dialogue on nuclear disarmament and arms control, but also forces other states, including Russia, to take compensatory military-technical measures,” the Deputy Foreign Minister of the Russian Federation emphasized. –0–

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Azerbaijan and Georgia play an important role in the development of the Middle Corridor, says Azerbaijani Prime Minister

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Tbilisi, October 22 (Xinhua) – Azerbaijan and Georgia play an important role in the development of the Middle Corridor connecting China, Central Asia, and Europe. This was stated by Azerbaijani Prime Minister Ali Asadov on Wednesday at the opening ceremony of the Tbilisi Silk Road Forum.

A. Asadov noted that over the past years, the development of a friendly and strategic partnership between Azerbaijan and Georgia has become one of the most important milestones on the path to regional stability and peace. "Today, our countries are reliable partners not only in the political context, but also in economic cooperation, energy, and transport. Transport and transit traditionally occupy an important place on our agenda. This area has great potential and will increase trade and investment, as well as open up new economic opportunities," the head of the Azerbaijani government stated.

He reported that last year, freight traffic on the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway increased from 1 million to 5 million tons. At the same time, the second phase of construction of the international seaport in Baku, which will connect key transport routes, has begun.

According to Asadov, the Middle Corridor, of which these projects are elements, is proving its reliability by connecting China, Central Asia, and Europe, and Azerbaijan and Georgia play a vital role in the development of this strategic route. "Our countries are among the most important participants in the Middle Corridor, given their geographic location and modern transport infrastructure. By joining forces, we are constantly and purposefully taking steps to develop infrastructure along this route, simplify border crossing procedures, and expand transit opportunities," the Azerbaijani Prime Minister added.

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