An NSU scientist has discovered the shortest possible pulse duration in fiber lasers.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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A practical method for achieving the shortest pulse duration in all-fiber lasers was developed by Sergei Kobtsev, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and Head of the Department of Laser Physics and Innovative Technologies at Novosibirsk State University. The results of his work in this area were published in the article "Production of ultrashort pulses in fiber lasers" ("Obtaining ultrashort pulses in fiber lasers"). The article became one of the most downloaded publications of the journal "Journal of the Optical Society of America B" in July-September 2025. The research was conducted within the framework of the project "New fiber short-pulse laser systems incorporating advanced composite materials, intelligent technologies and metrological extensions," supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.

Fiber lasers are a promising type of laser, distinguished by improved key user parameters—the elimination of the need for precise laser cavity tuning, effective natural heat dissipation, efficient generation, and compactness. However, producing ultrashort pulses in these lasers is a challenging task due to increased dispersion and nonlinearity, often requiring the use of bulk optical elements. Such elements significantly reduce the advantages of fiber (or solid fiber) lasers.

"Sometimes, fiber lasers are used to describe combined configurations containing only a minority of fiber components, while the majority of the optical elements are bulk. Such combined fiber-bulk lasers lose important advantages associated with solid-fiber lasers. Although such combined fiber-bulk lasers can produce pulses lasting a few femtoseconds, these configurations differ little from traditional solid-state bulk lasers with their inherent drawbacks. We were interested in the minimum pulse duration possible in solid-fiber lasers, especially with fixed polarization. It turned out that such lasers can generate pulses of picosecond duration and longer," explained Sergey Kobtsev.

The results of this work are of interest to a wide range of specialists using fiber components in research and development. The ability to generate picosecond light pulses in all-fiber lasers expands their applications while maintaining the advantages of this type of laser. Given the increasing prevalence of all-fiber lasers, their generation characteristics are of great interest.

"Fiber lasers are undergoing rapid development. A few years ago, it seemed that fiber lasers could replace all other laser types due to their significant advantages. However, numerous studies have shown that these advantages are inherent not to all fiber lasers (combined, etc.), but specifically to all-fiber lasers. It became interesting to determine at what pulse durations the all-fiber configuration could be combined with short pulses. A detailed study of the problem revealed a solution: starting with pulse durations in the picosecond range, they can be generated in all-fiber lasers with fixed polarization. The mechanism for generating ultrashort pulses is also important, but a fundamental solution has already been demonstrated," explained Sergey Kobtsev.

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A top manager of the B1 Group of Companies, a leader in the Russian audit and consulting services market, met with NSU students.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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A meeting between students and management representatives of the B1 Group of Companies was held at the Faculty of Economics at Novosibirsk State University. Participants discussed a wide range of topics, from the prospects for the development of the Russian and global economies to the intricacies of building a career at a major financial company and the secrets of personal development.

The B1 Group of Companies offers multidisciplinary services in audit, strategic, technological, and business consulting, transactions, valuation, taxation, law, and business support, and is one of the leaders in the domestic market in its field.

B1 has been a long-standing and reliable partner of NSU: the collaboration has been ongoing for over twenty years in a variety of formats, from specialized educational programs to internships for students at B1's Novosibirsk branch.

"I studied economics at NSU, and soon after joining the company, I convinced management that university graduates offer exceptional training. Since then, the number of our university graduates within the B1 team has only grown. It's fair to say that the Novosibirsk office was opened precisely because of the large number of talented NSU graduates," said Mikhail Khachaturyan, B1 partner and head of the audit and related services department.

For over ten years, B1 employees—graduates of the NSU Faculty of Economics—have been teaching the course "Financial Statement Analysis" at their home department. For a long time, Timofey Komarov, a partner in the Audit and Related Services Department and an NSU graduate, has been responsible for this project at B1 Group. This course is very popular among students of the Faculty of Economics, with an enrollment of approximately 100 students. Not many academic programs can boast such a large number of students.

However, the meeting focused more on how the financial, consulting, and auditing sectors of the economy will develop in the coming years and how university graduates can find a worthy place in this market.

"I'd like to give the students some advice on how to start their careers. And, most importantly, don't worry about what you know now; be ready to learn everything new. I'm often asked what they test for during interviews. First and foremost, we look at a person's intelligence: we want smart people to come, and we'll teach them the specifics of the job along the way. In this regard, NSU's strategy is very appropriate: its motto is "We teach you to think." That's why we've developed such a good partnership. Employees who think, are willing to learn, and develop find it easier to advance their careers, not just with us but with most companies," Mikhail Khachaturyan emphasized.

"B1 is a striking example of the Faculty of Economics' collaboration with representatives of the real economy, but it's not the only one. Currently, approximately 20 elective courses are taught by bank employees, including those of the Central Bank, consulting and auditing firms, and NSO ministries. Each course is supervised by a full-time faculty member. Importantly, these courses are integrated into the curriculum of each program, and their programs are tailored to the needs of the modern economy. But B1, as a participant in the educational process at NSU's Faculty of Economics, has one undeniable advantage: they have clearly established the "training-internship-job" chain. This is invaluable for both students and the faculty," noted Alla Komarova, PhD, Deputy Dean of the NSU Faculty of Economics for Economics.

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Delivering humanitarian aid to northern Gaza remains challenging, says UN

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

UNITED NATIONS, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — United Nations humanitarian agencies said Wednesday that providing vital support to the northern Gaza Strip remains a challenge despite a ceasefire taking effect more than 10 days ago.

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said that since the ceasefire agreement came into effect on October 10, the global organization and its partners have made progress in scaling up the response, particularly in the central and southern Gaza Strip.

However, the ongoing closure of the Zikim and Erez crossings, which provide direct access to northern Gaza, is making it extremely difficult to deliver humanitarian aid to the area, OCHA said.

Meanwhile, UN partners monitoring population flows across Gaza have reported more than 425,000 displacements from southern to northern areas of the Strip since October 10.

UNFPA Deputy Executive Director Andrew Saberton, who just returned from Gaza, told reporters that the agency was able to bring in some aid last week through the Kerem Shalom/Karem Abu Salem crossing.

"We are distributing medical supplies and equipment, including incubators, maternity beds, and fetal monitoring machines, which were pre-positioned inside Gaza, to hospitals," he said. "However, the flow of aid into Gaza since the ceasefire has been far from sufficient."

OCHA said that in the Gaza Strip on Tuesday, six of 10 humanitarian missions coordinated with Israeli authorities were carried out, including the delivery of water tanks, hygiene kits and fuel from crossing points into Gaza. –0–

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The Louvre's director acknowledged security shortcomings and proposed new measures.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Paris, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) — Louvre director Laurence des Cars on Wednesday acknowledged shortcomings in the museum's surveillance system and announced a series of new security measures.

Speaking to the French Senate (the upper house of parliament), L. de Car said the museum's CCTV cameras were insufficient and that Sunday's jewelry theft exposed several "weak points."

"We are experiencing a terrible failure at the Louvre, for which I take my share of responsibility," she said, adding that she had submitted her resignation, but the culture minister had rejected it.

L. de Car announced a number of measures to enhance security, including strengthening perimeter protection with anti-vehicle barriers, expanding and upgrading the surveillance system throughout the museum complex, and asking the Ministry of the Interior to establish a police station inside the museum.

She defended the museum's existing €80 million/US$92.89 million security plan, dismissing a recent report that said there had been "constant delays" in the plan's implementation.

French President Emmanuel Macron called for faster security upgrades at the Louvre during a cabinet meeting on Wednesday.

The museum reopened to visitors on Wednesday morning, three days after the high-profile theft of jewelry valued at an estimated 88 million euros (US$102 million). –0–

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I. Grosu re-elected as Chairman of the Moldovan Parliament

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Bucharest, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) — Igor Grosu, leader of Moldova's Action and Solidarity Party, was re-elected as speaker of the country's parliament on Wednesday.

I. Grosu's candidacy was supported by 55 of 101 deputies. His competitor, Oleksandr Stoianoglo of the Alternative bloc, received 32 votes. Legislators representing Democracy at Home and Our Party abstained from participating in the vote.

Last week, the Constitutional Court of Moldova upheld the results of the parliamentary elections held on September 28. Five political forces are represented in the new parliament: the Action and Solidarity Party (55 seats), the Patriotic Bloc (26 seats), the Alternative Bloc (8 seats), Our Party (6 seats), and the Democracy at Home Party (6 seats).

Addressing members of parliament after his re-election, I. Grosu emphasized that the current parliament must become part of the “generation of European integration.”

The Parliament of Moldova is elected for a four-year term. The previous convocation was elected in 2021. In July of that year, I. Grosu became speaker. –0–

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What contribution has China made to global development over the past 5 years?

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Only when all is well in the world, all is well in China; if all is well in China, the world becomes a better place.

During the five years of implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan, China has consistently strived for common development and mutually beneficial cooperation with all countries, including developing countries. By continually achieving new achievements in Chinese modernization, China is providing new opportunities for the global economy, becoming an engine of growth, a source of innovative development, a champion of shared prosperity, and a strong champion of an open global economy.

Over these five years, China has become a source of driving force and an anchor of stability for global economic growth.

"China travel" is a hot topic on international social media, and international business circles frequently talk about "increasing investment in China." The magnificent picture of modern China's high-quality development is evoking global admiration in increasingly tangible and visible ways.

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's expected economic growth will exceed 35 trillion yuan, equivalent to creating another "Yangtze River Delta." From 2021 to 2024, China's average annual economic growth was 5.5%, significantly higher than the global average. China's contribution to global economic growth remained at around 30%, playing a key role in stabilizing the global economy.

China is not only the world's second-largest economy, but also a leading power in industrial production and global trade, the second-largest consumer market, and the largest holder of foreign exchange reserves. It is a major trading partner for more than 150 countries and regions. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has provided the world with broader and more diverse market and investment prospects, as well as opportunities for growth.

"In an uncertain international environment, China is increasingly becoming an 'oasis of certainty,'" notes Amin Nasser, president of the global petrochemical giant Saudi Aramco. He argues that China's development has been made possible by an effective strategic vision, and the country is poised to continue to serve as a model for the global economic system.

Over the past five years, China has expanded the space for global innovation and development.

Humanoid robots run marathons, engage in duels… As technologies like artificial intelligence rapidly develop, China continues to showcase the world's diverse future possibilities, giving a powerful impetus to global innovation.

China is one of the fastest-growing innovation economies in the world. Its position in the Global Innovation Index (GII) has risen from 34th in 2012 to 10th in 2025. According to the European Commission's comprehensive innovation index published in July of this year, China's score increased by 31.6 percentage points compared to 2020, significantly outpacing growth rates in Europe and the United States.

From the successful return of samples from the far side of the moon by the Chang'e-6 mission to the successful test of the unmanned submersible HaiDou-1 at a depth of 10,000 meters underwater; from the construction of the world's first 6G experimental network to the provision of global precision navigation services by the BeiDou navigation system; from the commercial flights of the domestically produced C919 passenger aircraft to the leadership in the production and sales of new energy automobiles; from the commercial operation of the world's first fourth-generation nuclear power plant to the world's leadership in ultra-high-voltage transmission and power conversion technologies… China's innovations during the 14th Five-Year Plan period have not only transformed the country itself, but also made important contributions to enabling all of humanity to enjoy a more convenient and intelligent life.

According to a study by the US Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, China has created an innovation system driven by market demand and a virtuous cycle, paving its own path in scientific and technological innovation.

From "world's factory" to "innovation hub" – China has completed the transition from a technology importer to a source of innovation. More and more multinational companies are viewing China not only as a production base and target market, but also as a global research and development hub, leveraging the advantages of China's large market to quickly implement and refine new technologies, thereby facilitating their global strategies.

At the annual high-level meeting of the China Development Forum 2025, Roland Busch, Chairman of the Forum's International Committee and Chairman of the Board of Management of Siemens AG, noted that China's innovations continue to amaze the world. He emphasized that the global economy is undergoing a profound transformation, and when faced with the challenge of finding sources of growth, China has found a solution based on its own experience: pursuing high-quality growth through high technology and efficiency.

Over the past five years, China has contributed wisdom and strength to the common cause of global prosperity.

On the banks of the Rhine in Duisburg, cargo ships line up at their berths, trains blaring their horns as they pull into stations, and trucks carry containers bearing the inscriptions "Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe," "Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe," and others. The launch of China-Europe cargo flights has infused this historic port with new vitality. The total number of flights has exceeded 110,000, a clear example of the high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.

The Belt and Road Initiative has become the largest and most ambitious international cooperation platform in the modern world. China has signed joint construction agreements with over 150 countries and over 30 international organizations. Projects such as the China-Laos railway, the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, the Port of Chankai, and the Mombasa-Nairobi railway are continually advancing the formation of a new interconnectedness structure, while numerous socially significant projects are being successfully implemented, effectively improving the well-being of the peoples of the participating countries.

In recent years, China has continued to share the opportunities of its vast market with the world, offering zero tariffs on 100% of goods to all least developed countries with diplomatic relations. During the seven China International Import Expos, the total volume of planned transactions exceeded USD 500 billion.

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China steadily expanded institutional opening in the areas of rules, regulations, governance, and standards, continually optimizing the business environment. Restrictions on foreign investment in the country's manufacturing industry were completely lifted, and pilot projects to open up service sectors such as telecommunications, healthcare, and education are steadily advancing. As of the end of 2024, the total number of enterprises established by foreign investors in China exceeded 1.239 million, and the volume of actual foreign investment reached 20.6 trillion yuan. More and more companies around the world are coming to the conclusion: "Believing in China means believing in tomorrow."

Bernard Devitt, Chairman of the Belgian-Chinese Committee on Economic and Trade Cooperation, noted that foreign companies doing business in China derive significant benefits, while Chinese companies entering foreign markets have a positive impact on local economies. "China's high level of openness will benefit the global economy," he emphasized.

Over the past five years, China has become a driving force in building an open global economy.

The establishment of three cooperation platforms within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) (in energy, green technologies, and the digital economy), as well as three cooperation centers (on scientific and technological innovation, higher and vocational education), the accelerated establishment of the SCO Development Bank, and a plan to implement 100 “small but effective” social projects in needy member countries – all these initiatives and commitments proposed by China at the recently concluded Tianjin SCO Summit have received a warm response from member states.

During the 14th Five-Year Plan, colossal changes unseen in a century have accelerated: changes in the world, the era, and history are unfolding in unprecedented ways. Global cooperation is increasingly facing obstacles in the form of unruly competition, protectionism is gaining momentum, and the normal functioning of the multilateral trading system is facing serious challenges.

China has provided strong support through practical actions to countries in promoting openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation, offering countries in the Global South more diverse platforms and opportunities for development.

As of early 2025, China had signed 23 free trade agreements with 30 countries and regions. Along with expanding its overall trade pie, China is actively promoting improvements to the global governance model and facilitating the creation of the BRICS cooperation format. China has also stated that it will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations.

British scholar Martin Jacques, assessing the BRICS cooperation mechanism, noted that for a long time, the development aspirations of developing countries and emerging market economies remained on the periphery of attention. China has not only provided a solid foundation for the BRICS cooperation mechanism through its own development, but also, through independent strategic thinking and a forward-looking development vision, it has consistently promoted its deepening and expansion.

A growing number of international experts recognize that, in the face of global challenges such as a lack of drivers of economic growth, rising income inequality, severe environmental pollution and climate change, and a marked rise in protectionism and unilateralism, China's new development vision—one that is innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared—is of global significance. It promotes a global response to development challenges and advances the long-term progress of human society.

Looking back over the entire 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has consistently shared the dividends of its development with the world and, through tangible actions, advanced economic globalization toward greater openness, inclusiveness, common benefit, balance, and win-win outcomes.

In the future, China will continue to be a key driving force for global open cooperation and common development, remain a dynamic market that opens up new business opportunities for countries, and will certainly make even greater contributions to the prosperity and progress of all mankind.

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NSU students won gold and silver medals at the International Chemistry Olympiad in Ashgabat.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Four students from the NSU Faculty of Natural Sciences won and placed first in the 4th International Chemistry Olympiad among students, which took place from October 15 to 17 in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, at Magtymguly Turkmen State University. Alexander Tomilov and Nazim Mustafin won gold medals, while Nikita Chernovsky and Alexander Sapov won silver.

Over 250 students from 47 universities in Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, the United Kingdom, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan participated in the competition. The Olympiad was held in two categories: Category A for students majoring in chemistry, and Category B for students in other fields. Russian participants won 13 gold medals, 11 of which were in Category A, demonstrating a high level of preparation.

Nazim Mustafin has won numerous prizes at major competitions: in 2025, he was among the winners of the "I Am a Professional" Olympiad, winning two bronze medals in the Chemistry and Biotechnology tracks. In 2024, as part of the NSU team, he received a third-place diploma in the Molecular and Cellular Biology section of the International Biological Universiade. Last year, he was also part of the NSU team that won a gold medal in the International Chemistry Olympiad at Magtymguly University in Ashgabat. Nazim works as a laboratory assistant at the International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Magnetic Resonance Microtomography Lab.

"Last year, we participated in this Olympiad with almost the same team, and it was a very rewarding experience. When the organizers sent an invitation again, I immediately began coordinating the trip with the dean's office. On behalf of the entire team, we express our deep gratitude to the leadership of the Faculty of Natural Sciences at NSU for their support and the opportunity to participate. This year, there was only one round, four hours long, with six problems. For many participants, this proved challenging: the problems were easy, but very complex, and sometimes there wasn't enough time to solve them," Nazim Mustafin shared.

Alexander Tomilov has participated in school olympiads in various subjects since the 7th grade. He developed an interest in chemistry in the 8th grade, and in the 10th and 11th grades, he won prizes in the final round of the All-Russian School Olympiad in Chemistry. In 2022, he entered Novosibirsk State University (NSU), majoring in Chemistry. During this time, he successfully competed in the All-Russian Student Olympiad "I Am a Professional" in Chemistry (winner in 2024, gold medalist in 2025), as well as the International Chemistry Olympiad at Makhtumkuli Tomsk State University (gold medalist in 2024 and 2025). He works at the International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, conducting research in the fields of EPR spectroscopy and metal-organic coordination polymers.

"I already participated in this Olympiad last year and wanted to prove my abilities. This year, I was able to properly balance my efforts and focus on tasks I was confident in. This is what helped me secure a gold medal. I was nervous while writing the Olympiad problems, but when I received the results, I was thrilled not only for myself but for the entire NSU team. We won two gold and two silver medals—one of the best results among Russian universities," notes Alexander Tomilov.

The Olympiad was not only an academic challenge but also a unique experience of networking and knowledge sharing. Students found the forum interesting as a platform where science and practice intersect with business and innovation.

"The experience of working with diversely trained participants is invaluable. For example, one of our colleagues, Nikita Chernovsky, just last week won the Mendeleev Competition for Young Scientists. This demonstrates the students' high level of fundamental preparation," says Alexander.

The Olympiad is held annually and aims to develop academic collaboration, stimulate student interest in scientific research, and enhance the participants' professional skills. The results of the NSU team confirm the high standard of student training in the Faculty of Natural Sciences and demonstrate the university's competitiveness on the international stage.

"There was a funny moment. Before the medal presentation, everyone was seated according to their scores. Since I was attending a conference on educational methods, I was seated separately, and I wasn't sure until the end what color medal I'd receive. I admit, I was a little nervous at the threshold between the gold and silver medals," Nazim recounts.

We congratulate the medalists and wish them new victories in the future!

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The US imposed sanctions against Rosneft and Lukoil to increase pressure on Russia over a ceasefire in Ukraine.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Washington, October 22 (Xinhua) — The U.S. Treasury Department on Wednesday announced sanctions against two of Russia's largest oil producers, Rosneft and Lukoil. The move is intended to pressure Moscow to agree to an immediate ceasefire in Ukraine.

"Now is the time to stop the killing and cease fire immediately," US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent was quoted as saying in the department's statement.

He said the administration of US President Donald Trump was prepared to take further action if necessary and called on allies to join in and comply with US sanctions against Russia.

State-controlled Rosneft and privately held Lukoil are Russia's largest oil producers. According to Bloomberg estimates, they accounted for almost half of Russia's total crude oil exports, or approximately 2.2 million barrels per day, in the first half of 2025.

“I just felt like it was time,” Trump said at the White House on Wednesday, expressing hope for a speedy resolution to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict.

As a reminder, the planned meeting between Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Hungary on Tuesday was postponed. –0–

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"Highlights of the 14th Five-Year Plan": Chinese Culture Conquers the World

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

The deep integration of culture and tourism has become the main line and a striking feature of the cultural and tourism industry during the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025), and a living illustration of confident progress towards the goal of building a cultural power.

Over nearly five years of development, nearly 2,600 Grade A tourist sites have been added nationwide; the number of mass cultural institutions has reached approximately 44,000, and new public cultural spaces have reached over 40,000; the number of museum visitors across China has repeatedly reached record highs…

Today, when people travel, they not only enjoy the scenery, but also appreciate the beauty of life, learn about local customs, and experience the depth of history and culture.

In recent years, various regions have introduced a series of products with rich cultural content and strong local character, including immersive experiences, resorts, and theme streets, which are setting new trends in cultural and tourism consumption.

Statistics show that in 2024, 210,000 cultural and tourism events were held nationwide, resulting in a consumption volume of over 140 billion yuan.

The complex stimulating effect of cultural and tourist consumption is becoming increasingly evident: the performing arts economy, the nightlife economy, the ticket economy, and other phenomena effectively expand consumption chains, and the population's needs are constantly met through a rich and diverse cultural and tourist offer.

Museums have become the "new trend": in 2024, museums across the country attracted 1.49 billion visitors; an "archaeological boom," an "intangible cultural heritage boom," and a "red tourism boom" are all flourishing simultaneously; "national style" and a "national wave" are setting the trend…

In 2024, China's total cultural trade volume reached 1.4 trillion yuan, of which digital, networked, and intelligent elements accounted for over a quarter. Inbound tourists reached 132 million, with total expenditure reaching US$942 billion.

As "traveling in China" and "shopping in China" become a new fad among overseas populations, as anime, games, fashion toys, performing arts and other cultural products accelerate "going global" and stimulate tourism… China's soft power is spreading, and Chinese culture is becoming more open, inclusive, and conquering the world.

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D. Trump announced the cancellation of a meeting with V. Putin.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

WASHINGTON, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) — U.S. President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that he has canceled a planned meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

"We canceled the meeting with President Vladimir Putin," Trump told reporters at the White House. "It just didn't feel right."

"I didn't think we'd achieve what we needed to. So I canceled it. But we'll hold it in the future," he added.

Last week, Donald Trump announced he would meet with Vladimir Putin in Budapest, Hungary, for talks following a phone call between the two leaders. However, on Tuesday, he told reporters at the White House that such a meeting would be a "waste of time."

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