Rosneft is developing well construction and reconstruction technologies.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Rosneft – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Rosneft held a scientific and practical conference in Samara, "Well Construction and Reconstruction Engineering." This year, the event was held for the fifteenth time and brought together over 250 representatives from oil production companies, service companies, and research institutes. The company's Samara Research Institute served as the traditional organizer.

At the conference, delegates discussed innovative approaches to well design and construction, shared experiences in import substitution, and the development and implementation of advanced technologies to improve the operational efficiency of drilling engineering.

Specialists from the Samara Institute, together with colleagues from Orenburgneft (part of Rosneft's production unit), discussed achievements in the development and implementation of 3D geomechanical models for oil fields.

The model incorporates geological and seismic information, drilling parameters, and well logging data. This innovation will allow for assessing well construction risks, predicting potential geological complications, and planning the optimal drilling trajectory.

A 3D geomechanical modeling approach has been successfully tested in complex geological sections of Orenburgneft's Biktovskoye field. The experience gained will help optimize the development time for field models across the country.

One of the key topics of the conference was the digitalization of well construction and reconstruction processes, aimed at increasing the efficiency and safety of operations, as well as optimizing costs.

Samara specialists presented conference participants with a software module for predicting complication zones during well design, which operates using neural networks.

The new development was tested in wells at the Western Dome of the Yuzhno-Orlovskoye field in the Samara Region. The software module demonstrated a high reliability of the neural network model—79%. The results open up new possibilities for developing methods for predicting potential problem zones (absorption, collapses, gas, oil, and water shows, sticking) using computer vision technologies and generative neural network models. This will ultimately enable the creation of maps and profiles of problem distribution across fields.

The implementation of the software module in the corporate software packages RN-KIN, RN-SIGMA, RN-BUROVYE RASCHETY will significantly reduce the labor costs of specialists on routine analytical work and improve the efficiency of predicting geological zones of complications during well construction design.

As a leader in the development of modern domestic technologies in oil and gas production, Rosneft annually holds conferences on various areas of activity, consolidating and disseminating the best ideas and practices for the exchange of professional experience among specialists and the comprehensive development of the domestic oil industry.

Reference:

Since 2016, a specialized expert center has been operating at the Rosneft Research Institute in Samara. It specializes in general design for well construction and reconstruction at the Company's facilities. The institute's specialists specialize in all types of well engineering, field supervision, research, and environmental issues related to drilling.

Department of Information and Advertising of PJSC NK Rosneft October 1, 2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Star landing at the State University of Management: Ilya Averbukh and Zlata Chepurnaya will share their stories of victories.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

On October 2 at 11:00 a.m., the State University of Management Business Center will host a meeting with Russian figure skater Ilya Averbukh and founder of the Starship Troopers project, Zlata Chepurnaya.

Guests will share stories of their victories and experiences in implementing large-scale projects.

Ilya Averbukh is not only a silver medalist at the Salt Lake City Olympics and a Russian, European, and world champion, but also a producer of ice shows and sporting events. For example, "Ice Age," which has been running since 2007, and Plushenko's New Year's ice show, "Sleeping Beauty," which can be seen this year.

The "Star Troopers" team, founded and led by Zlata Chepurnaya, includes over 100 well-known media personalities who collaborate in sports, volunteer, and patriotic events. Zlata is also a member of the Expert Council of the State Duma Committee on Youth Policy and the Expert Council for Patriotic Education at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "RosPatriotCenter."

During the meeting, students will have the opportunity to ask questions to experts, discuss current topics, and delve into more detail.

The event will be held with the assistance of the Russian Society "Knowledge".

To participate in the meeting, you must pre-register.

Participants and in-person registration open at 10:30 a.m., meeting starts at 11:00 a.m.

We are waiting for everyone at the State University of Management’s Information Technology Center.

Subscribe to the tg channel “Our State University” Announcement date: 10/2/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Visiting Count Sheremetev

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

As part of the Moscow Museum Week event, the Ostankino Estate invites you to visit the exhibition "Visiting Count Sheremetev" free of charge. It is being held in the Egyptian Pavilion of the Ostankino Palace, which has reopened after restoration.

The introductory section of the exhibition in the Eastern Wing will tell the story of the construction of the Sheremetevs' summer pleasure residence. The main section in the Egyptian Pavilion will reconstruct a traditional festive feast at Ostankino. Visitors will be introduced to the procedures of a formal reception, from the ceremonial arrival of guests to the celebratory fireworks display. A surprise will be the latest technology integrated into the historic interiors.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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There are more than 5,300 artificial intelligence companies in China.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, October 1 (Xinhua) — As of September this year, there were more than 5,300 artificial intelligence (AI) companies in China, accounting for 15 percent of the global market, according to the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT).

According to statistics, by the end of 2024, the scale of China's AI industry will exceed 900 billion yuan (approximately 126.7 billion US dollars), which is 24 percent more than the previous year.

The country's AI sector has developed a complete production chain, encompassing core infrastructure, model architecture, and industry applications. According to the academy, revenues from these segments grew by 54 percent, 18 percent, and 13 percent year-on-year, respectively, last year.

Intelligent equipment, represented by smartphones and AI-powered computers, as well as intelligent connected vehicles, is experiencing rapid growth, the academy added.

China is making ongoing efforts to promote the transformation of the digital economy into a smart economy and intelligent society. Earlier this year, the country published guidelines for the deep implementation of the "AI Plus" initiative, aimed at strengthening AI-supporting infrastructure and accelerating the integration of AI technologies across socio-economic sectors.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Polytechnicians in the Russian chessboxing team are world champions!

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

From September 23 to 29, the 7th World Chessboxing Championships were held in Serbia. The Russian team, which included athletes from the Polytechnic University, triumphed.

The competition program included three disciplines: “classic chessboxing”, “light chessboxing” and “fit chessboxing”.

The competition featured 176 athletes from 17 countries. The Russian team, led by coach Andrey Skorokhodov, took first place in the team standings, winning 74 medals. Of these, 29 were in classic chessboxing, 28 in light chessboxing, and 17 in fit chessboxing.

The USA team took second place, and the French team took third.

The St. Petersburg team demonstrated impressive results overall. Polytechnic University athletes brought home nine medals for the Russian team.

Sofia Argandeykina won gold in the chessboxing-light category, silver in chessboxing-classic and bronze in chessboxing-fit;

Alexandra Noskova won two gold medals: in the chessboxing classic and chessboxing light categories;

Konstantin Kotovich won bronze in the “classic chessboxing” and “light chessboxing” categories;

Bronze medals were also won by Anatoly Shchukin (light chessboxing) and Utkirbek Ergashev (classic chessboxing).

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Non-objective Art and Glass. October Exhibitions

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The Moscow Museum of Modern Art will explore abstract art from the first quarter of the 21st century, the Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve will introduce Moscow during the reign of Nicholas I, and the K.A. Timiryazev State Biological Museum will display a collection of ceramic toys.

Read more about these and other October exhibitions in the mos.ru article.

"Once Again About the Abstract" at the Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dates: October 1 – November 16

Address: Ermolaevsky Lane, Building 17, Building 1

Age limit: 0

The Moscow Museum of Modern Art will present its first-ever exhibition dedicated to non-objective art (abstractionism) of the post-war period of the 20th century and the first quarter of the 21st century. Paintings by Yuri Zlotnikov, Leonid Borisov, Eduard Steinberg, Elizaveta Olshanskaya, Natalia Parkhomenko, and other artists will be on display.

The exhibition is built on a combination of two key abstraction trends—geometric-constructive and spontaneous-expressive. It continues a series of research projects within the "Collection. Viewpoint" program.

The abstract art movement emerged in the 1910s, pioneered by Wassily Kandinsky, Arthur Dove, and Kazimir Malevich. Abstract artists speak the language of philosophy and do not depict any real objects on their canvases.

Tickets for the exhibition can be purchased through the service Mosbilet.

"For the 85th Anniversary of the Nikolai Ostrovsky Museum" at the State Museum – Cultural Center "Integration" named after N.A. Ostrovsky

Dates: October 2, 2025 – January 18, 2026

Address: Tverskaya Street, Building 14

Age limit: 0

The State Museum and Cultural Center "Integration" named after N.A. Ostrovsky will celebrate the anniversary of the Nikolai Ostrovsky Museum, on which it was founded.

In one of the apartments at 14 Tverskaya Street, Nikolai Ostrovsky worked on his novel "Born by the Storm," met with famous figures, and spent the last years of his life (he died in 1936). In 1940, a museum was established there, which in 1992 was renamed the N.A. Ostrovsky State Museum and Humanities Center "Preodolenie" (Overcoming).

In 2016, it was decided to merge "Preodolenie" with the "Integration" Center for Sociocultural Programs, which helps make the capital's social and cultural life accessible to people with disabilities. Today, this space hosts exhibitions, concerts, and other events.

Entrance to the exhibition is by ticket. museum.

"Moscow and Muscovites in the Era of Nicholas I. 1825–1855" at the Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve

Dates: October 11, 2025 – February 1, 2026

Address: Dolskaya Street, Building 1, Building 6

Age limit: 0

The Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve will tell the story of everyday life in Moscow during the reign of Nicholas I. The city and its inhabitants will be reconstructed using paintings, graphic art, decorative and applied art, archival documents, and rarities from the collections of the country's leading museums. Visitors will learn about coronation and other ceremonies, the architectural landmarks that emerged during this period, the daily lives of the various social classes, cultural developments, and much more.

You can enter the exhibition with a ticket museum-reserve.

"Attention, Toy!" at the K.A. Timiryazev State Biological Museum

Dates: October 21, 2025 – January 12, 2026

Address: Malaya Gruzinskaya Street, Building 15, Building 1

Age limit: 0

Visitors to the K.A. Timiryazev State Biological Museum will be shown a rich—and rather unexpected for a cultural institution—collection of clay toys. The exhibits have one thing in common: they all depict various animals. Furthermore, visitors will be able to trace how the role of clay toys has changed over time, from a means of child development to decoration or souvenir.

Entrance to the exhibition is by ticket. museum.

"The Saga of Glass" at the Kuskovo Museum-Reserve

Dates: October 22, 2025 – February 12, 2026

Address: Yunosti Street, Building 2, Building 13

Age limit: 6

Visitors to the Kuskovo Museum-Reserve will be introduced to the work of a St. Petersburg dynasty of glass artists: Alexander, Galina, and Irina Ivanov, and Ekaterina Stolyarova. Each has a recognizable style, distinctive characteristics, and favorite techniques.

Alexander and Galina Ivanov founded their own glass art studio in 1971. They produced a large number of items for mass production, fulfilling government orders from the USSR Ministry of Culture. The artists also created decorative compositions that were displayed in the country's most renowned museums.

Their daughter, Irina, is one of the few artists in Russia who masters the rare technique of glass engraving, and their granddaughter, Ekaterina, creates masterpieces using engraving, fusing, and molding techniques. The young artist is inspired by Russian nature and folklore.

You can purchase a ticket to the exhibition through the service Mosbilet.

For guests from all over Moscow. How counts' name-day celebrations were held in Kuskovo in the 18th century.

"Russian Parnassus: Scientists and Creators of the Age of Enlightenment" at the Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve

Dates: October 30, 2025 – March 31, 2026

Address: Andropov Avenue, Building 39, Building 69

Age limit: 6

A new exhibition at the Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve will offer a look back at the contributions of Russian scientists and cultural figures of the Enlightenment to the development of science, education, and art in Russia in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

Under Catherine the Great, natural sciences and art were actively developed: expeditions were organized, technical innovations were introduced, and painting was encouraged. All of this influenced not only Russian but also global culture.

At the exhibition, visitors will learn little-known facts about scientist Mikhail Lomonosov, writer Denis Fonvizin, journalist and publisher Nikolai Novikov, and others.

You can purchase a ticket to the exhibition through the service Mosbilet.

"Zhostovo. Defiantly Beautiful. On the 200th Anniversary of the Trade" at the Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve

Dates: October 31, 2025 – February 15, 2026

Address: Dolskaya Street, Building 1, Building 6

Age limit: 0

The Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve will open another exhibition dedicated to those legendary floral-ornamented objects that have been produced for 200 years at the Zhostovo Decorative Painting Factory.

The factory's history began in 1780, when Philipp Vishnyakov, a craftsman and serf of Count Sheremetev, opened a lacquer workshop in the village of Zhostovo. He eventually moved to Moscow, leaving his son Osip in Zhostovo. In 1825, he expanded his father's business, beginning to produce lacquered metal trays, boxes, and papier-mâché cigarette cases. Gradually, he abandoned this material and began using iron, which was in great demand. Customers liked the vibrant painting, and the goods were purchased more for home decoration than for everyday use.

At the exhibition in Tsaritsyno, visitors will see not only trays, but also painted shovels, watering cans, and other items, as well as souvenirs—for example, those produced for the 1980 Olympics.

You can enter the exhibition with a ticket museum-reserve.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels.MaxAndTelegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Public transport passengers will receive cashback for paying for travel using their smartphone or biometrics.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Starting October 1, two special promotions are running on public transport. Passengers will be able to get a 10-ruble refund to their bank account when paying for travel using biometrics or an Android smartphone with an NFC module linked to a Mir card.

"We've been running promotions with our partners for the seventh year in a row. This helps passengers save on public transport fares and learn about the most modern payment services. Sergei Sobyanin set the goal of making travel convenient and affordable," noted Moscow Deputy Mayor for Transport and Industry.

Maxim Liksutov.

When paying with biometrics, the fare is 53 rubles, including a 10-ruble cashback. This is the lowest fare. Fare can be paid with facial recognition on the metro, the Moscow Central Circle (MCC), regular river transport, and at some stations along the Moscow Central Diameters, including Nakhabino, Three Stations Square, Likhobory, and Zelenograd-Kryukovo. The promotion is valid from October 1 to November 30, 2025. VTB Bank is a partner.

You can enable the biometric payment feature in the app. Moscow MetroAfter registering in your personal account, under "Biometric Payment System," you'll need to upload a photo of your face and link a card from any Russian bank. You can pay for your ride using biometrics when passing through the turnstiles marked with a black sticker. These gates open in about a second. You won't need to use your phone, wallet, or card.

Under another promotion, the cost of a single ride paid for with an Android smartphone will be 64 rubles. This payment method is available on the metro, the Moscow Central Circle (MCC), regular river routes, ground transportation, and on Moscow Central Diameters (MCD) in the Central and Suburban zones. The promotion will run until December 31st of this year. The promotion's partner is the Mir payment system.

To pay for rides using an Android smartphone with an NFC module, passengers need to download the Mir Pay app or another mobile payment service. Then, they need to add their Mir card details with a positive balance. Upon boarding, they need to tap the device on the reader at the turnstile or validator. After this, 10 rubles of the fare will be refunded to their account.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels. Max And Telegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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Three buildings on Bolshoy Cherkassky Lane will be illuminated with architectural and artistic lighting.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Specialists from the city's urban development complex will decorate three buildings in the center of the capital with architectural and artistic lighting, announced the Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Housing, Public Utilities, and Urban Development. Petr Biryukov.

"We've developed a special lighting design for three buildings located on Bolshoy Cherkassky Lane. The main goal is to unite the buildings into a cohesive visual image. Power engineers from JSC UEK will install a total of over 490 energy-efficient light fixtures," noted Petr Biryukov.

Lighting fixtures will be installed around the entire perimeter of the buildings to highlight their architectural features.

In accordance with the adopted concept, all new lighting in the capital is moderate and implemented in warm or neutral shades of white. This allows for the careful accentuation of details and elements of the buildings, creating a unified light space.

Over the past 13 years, Moscow's lighting levels have doubled, and the number of buildings with architectural and artistic lighting has quadrupled. The capital is now illuminated by over one million lights, while energy consumption is reduced thanks to the use of energy-efficient LEDs.

The projects being implemented in the capital to modernize and improve the reliability of public utility infrastructure are in line with the goals and objectives of the national project Infrastructure for Life.

More information about Russia's national projects and the capital's contribution can be found atspecial page.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels. Max AndTelegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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US Gaza peace proposal opens doors for aid delivery, UN Under-Secretary-General says

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

UN, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) — UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator Tom Fletcher recently welcomed US President Donald Trump's peace proposal for Gaza, which opens new avenues for the delivery of large-scale, urgently needed life-saving aid.

“We are ready and willing to work in a pragmatic and principled manner to use this moment to build peace,” said T. Fletcher.

He noted that the global organization's teams, networks, materials, and expertise are already in place and ready for rapid and effective mobilization, as was done during the previous ceasefire, which was broken in mid-March. As has been repeatedly emphasized, it is crucial to end all attacks, restore public order, and facilitate humanitarian access in Gaza and throughout the rest of the country.

T. Fletcher stated that lifting restrictions on the import of critical supplies and the work of international non-governmental organizations remains a key requirement. These steps will allow humanitarian organizations to resume public services at a level that ensures no one is left behind.

It is also crucial that the private sector be able to operate on a significant scale, he added, noting that humanitarian aid alone cannot meet all the needs in Gaza.

According to T. Fletcher, it is crucial to ensure that these conditions are maintained, along with generous and reliable funding, and the restoration of damaged facilities and infrastructure.

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), headed by T. Fletcher, warned that areas across the Gaza Strip, particularly Gaza City, continue to be subjected to heavy Israeli bombing.

The UN Human Rights Council said Israeli attacks on northwestern Deir el-Balah intensified between Wednesday and Sunday, with at least 89 Palestinians reportedly killed in more than a dozen separate incidents.

According to OCHA, Gaza health authorities reported that 175 people, including 35 children, have died from hunger and malnutrition since the famine in Gaza was confirmed in August. –0–

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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China's box office in 2025 will surpass 2024 figures thanks to new film releases during the National Day holiday.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) — China's cumulative box office revenue this year is expected to surpass the 2024 target of 42.5 billion yuan (about 5.98 billion U.S. dollars) as movies flood cinemas nationwide during the National Day holiday.

As China enters its holiday period, cumulative box office revenue in cinemas for 2025 has already reached approximately 42 billion yuan as of Tuesday, just 500 million yuan less than last year's total. With the release of two new films on Tuesday—Chen Kaige's war epic "The Volunteers: Peace at Last" and the comedy "Row to Win"—and the official start of China's eight-day National Day and traditional Zhongqiu (Mid-Autumn or Moon Festival) holidays on October 1, this year's box office is expected to very soon surpass the 2024 total, reaching the coveted milestone nearly three months earlier than last year.

The main driver of growth in the Chinese film market in 2025 was the film "Nezha 2," which was released during the Spring Festival holidays – the traditional Chinese Lunar New Year – and grossed over 15.4 billion yuan domestically, accounting for more than a third of the total revenue of the film industry to date.

Other major films include “Detective Chinatown 1900,” which grossed 3.6 billion yuan, and summer box office leaders “Dead to Rights,” 3 billion yuan, and “Nobody,” 1.6 billion yuan, the latter of which became the highest-grossing 2D animated film in Chinese box office history.

Released in September, "Evil Unbound," a film about the atrocities committed by Japan's infamous Unit 731 during World War II, topped the box office for the month with revenue of 1.5 billion yuan, making it the fifth-highest-grossing film of the year.

Box office revenue in China has been growing rapidly since 2019, when the annual figure reached a record high of over 64 billion yuan. After rising to 54.9 billion yuan in 2023, annual gross receipts declined again in 2024 to 42.5 billion yuan. Industry insiders are cautiously optimistic that total box office receipts could exceed 50 billion yuan by the end of 2025, given the current performance in the last quarter.

FILM MARKET DYNAMICS DURING THE HOLIDAYS

According to ticketing platform Maoyan, by Tuesday afternoon, advance sales and box office receipts from new films scheduled for National Day had totaled over 100 million yuan. The top three spots in the ranking were occupied by the crime thriller "Sound of Silence"; "Volunteers: Peace," the final installment of Chen Kaige's trilogy, which follows the previous two installments that collectively grossed over 2 billion yuan; and "A Writer's Odyssey II," the sequel to the 2021 sci-fi action film that earned 1 billion yuan.

Despite the rich repertoire, the holiday season "still lacks a real hit that would really heat up the market," says Lai Li, an analyst at the Maoyan platform.

"This year, the holidays are a day longer than usual, which could help films gain momentum. Good reviews could still push the repertoire to outstanding results," Lai Li believes.

Expansion based on intellectual property

Analysts also note the growing importance of sequels and franchises in the Chinese film market.

“Sequels, franchises and films based on intellectual property (IP) are becoming mainstream,” said Chen Jin, an analyst at film data platform Beacon.

"The film 'Volunteers' completes a trilogy that has already attracted nearly 50 million viewers. 'A Writer's Odyssey 2' continues the commercially successful series, and the animated film 'Three Kingdoms: Star Heroes' is clearly designed to launch a new franchise," he added.

This trend reflects a push for greater industrialization and maturity in the Chinese film industry, Chen Jin noted, echoing Hollywood's long-standing tradition of relying on IP to drive repeat viewership.

Despite a mixed start to the year—a record-breaking Spring Festival holiday followed by a slow May Day holiday and a stable summer season—the final major box office period of the year, the National Day holiday, could prove crucial not only for increasing box office revenue in the second half of the year, but also for boosting the film industry's overall revenue for 2025.

With the annual figure set to surpass the 2024 total within days, all eyes are now on whether China can break the symbolic 50 billion yuan threshold, further cementing its position as one of the world's most dynamic film markets.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

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