Category: Moscow

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

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Sculptures and panels depicting miners at the coalface, photographs and slogans from the 1930s, and memorial plaques to leading workers. The capital commemorated the work of construction workers. Moscow metroSince the construction of the first stage, the tradition has continued to this day. On Metro Builders' Day, celebrated on October 2, we join historians to discuss how the city preserves the memory of the creators of the underground space.

Why working conditions during the early days of metro construction can be compared to diving deep underwater, what do the sculptures of metro workers at Ploshchad Revolyutsii and Baumanskaya stations symbolize, which tunnel contains the initials of the legendary Tatyana Fedorova, and where to find a monument to a modern tunneler and shield—all in our article.

The metro builder is a symbol of the young state's industrial might…

Hills and dense development on the surface, underground rivers, quicksand and faults in the ground, a lack of experience, equipment, and technology. When construction of the Moscow metro began in 1931, the builders encountered numerous obstacles. Foreign specialists believed that the project, given the extremely challenging hydrogeological conditions, was simply impossible to implement. But the enthusiastic Soviet engineers persevered. The first phase included the section from Sokolniki to Park Kultury, with a branch from Okhotny Ryad to Smolenskaya. An innovative approach was used in constructing the Moscow metro: depending on the site conditions, stations were built in both shallow and deep foundations, choosing the appropriate technology.

The work of the first metro builders was difficult and dangerous. They wielded picks and shovels, hauling rock in mine carts. To combat groundwater, the ground was frozen. In particularly challenging cases, such as when driving through quicksand, they resorted to the caisson method of tunneling: a sealed area with pressurized air was installed in the working area of the face, forcing the water deeper into the rock. Working in a caisson was like diving: high pressure, breathing difficulties, and temperatures rising above 30 degrees Celsius. To acclimate to these conditions, workers entered a pressure chamber before and after work. A shift lasted no more than four hours. The caisson method was used, for example, in the construction of the tunnel between Okhotny Ryad and Lubyanka. When the tunneling shield was introduced in 1934, it initially deviated from its course, but specialists resolved this problem. Inspired metro builders built underground lines at record speed. The profession became a symbol of the country's industrial might, and tribute to it was paid even at the very first stations. For the first time in the history of the Moscow Metro, the Komsomolskaya (radial) station was decorated with majolica panels. They depict metro builders. Valeria Yevtishenkova, research specialist at the Moscow Transport Museum,

Two compositions are displayed on the walls of the entrance hall at the station exits to Leningradsky and Yaroslavsky railway stations. They were created based on sketches by the renowned artist Evgeny Lanceray. Faceless monumental images weren't his concern: he sought to capture the intensity of underground work. To achieve this, the artist himself descended into the tunnels and made sketches from life: miners wielding jackhammers, rolling mine carts, and mixing concrete. The sketches were then transferred to ceramics.

Metro builders are also immortalized at Ploshchad Revolyutsii station. It's a gallery of 76 sculptures, arranged chronologically. They depict events from October 1917 to 1937. A sailor, a peasant, a worker, and a soldier stand at the foundation of the Soviet Union; an engineer and a border guard with a dog represent the present; children represent the future. The present also includes a metro builder.

The history of the Moscow metro began with this line. How the Sokolnicheskaya line was designed and built.Ticket inspectors, trains with sofas, and cabbies at the entrances. What the Moscow metro's first day was like.Mirror of the Eras, or How to Study the Country's History Using the Moscow MetroThe "Ready!" Command, or How the Work of Moscow Metro Drivers Has Changed

…and the heroism of the Soviet people during the war

And at Baumanskaya, you can see a sculpture of a female construction worker in a wide-brimmed miner's hat, wielding a jackhammer. This is the city's way of honoring the women who built the metro alongside the men. But the monument also contains another meaning.

"The station opened its doors in January 1944, at the height of the Great Patriotic War. During that era, architectural designs began to feature themes related to the exploits of frontline soldiers and home front workers, as well as the heroism and perseverance of the Soviet people. During the war, women not only fought against the invaders but also replaced men in factories and construction sites. Baumanskaya features sculptures of a soldier, a pilot, a partisan, and a metro construction worker. The latter symbolizes the dedication and strength of women who, during such a difficult time for the country, continued to build tunnels and stations. Incidentally, this was not only a contribution to the future of peace. The metro served as a bomb shelter and saved many Muscovites from air raids," notes Valeria Evtishenkova.

Elektrozavodskaya Station opened that same year. Its design celebrates the everyday work of Soviet citizens during the war: for example, high reliefs depict Elektrozavod workers, metro builders, tank builders, and gunsmiths. And near the station's above-ground concourse stands a sculptural group depicting three miners at a mine. The first lines were built primarily by hand, so they hold tools used in the construction and finishing of stations. The artist, Georgy Motovilov, successfully conveyed the physical strength of the early metro builders.

Underground Front: How the Metro Was Built During the WarUnderground Palaces: What Makes the Metro's Circle Line Stations Unique?A City of Living Memory: How Moscow Honors the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War

1930s slogans on the Big Circle Line and a modern tunnel boring machine at Rasskazovka

The city honors not only the work of construction workers in general but also the memory of specific individuals who contributed to the metro's construction. Polezhaevskaya is named after Hero of Socialist Labor Vasily Polezhaev, who rose from a foreman on the first stages of the metro's construction to the head of the Moscow Metro Construction Department.

Another legend is Tatyana Fedorova. In 1933, she worked alongside the men constructing the first tunnels, working as a concrete worker and a chisel. During the construction of the Circle Line, Tatyana Fedorova served as a mine superintendent, later rising to the rank of deputy head of Metrostroy. A memorial plaque was installed in her honor at Krasnoselskaya Station: this station marked the beginning of her underground career. There is another "memorial" to this courageous woman, but passengers, however, cannot see it. According to Tatyana Fedorova herself, in the early 1950s, during the construction of Novoslobodskaya, chisel workers sandblasted her initials into one of the tubings (the cast-iron sections of the tunnel vaults).

"Tatyana Fedorova's photograph also adorns Sokolniki Station on the Big Circle Line (BKL). Its design is entirely dedicated to the metro builders, as it connects to the station of the same name on the Sokolnicheskaya Line—the very same one from which the first train departed in 1935. Archival footage decorating the interiors shows an old mechanized shield. Its head is divided into sections, each occupied by a miner. They literally used tools to cut away layers of earth to advance the shield. Also worth noting are the slogans: 'Construction for a while—the metro forever!' and 'Let's give the capital the best metro in the world!' They are still relevant today," the mos.ru source emphasizes.

Now, construction workers don't have to dig into the ground with shovels and picks. But they face new challenges: ever-more dense development and an abundance of utilities. The profession remains honorable. Rasskazovka became the first station to pay tribute to our contemporaries. A metal bench stretches at its entrance. A writer sits on one side (the Peredelkino Creative Center is located nearby), while on the other, the back of the bench becomes a stack of rails. A miner perches next to him. He looks toward another monument—the "Natalya" shield, which was used during the construction of the Solntsevskaya Line. This is an authentic rotor, 6.5 meters in diameter—the main component of the machine that excavates the earth.

Big Ring Line (project)Underground History, or the Most Interesting Facts about the Development of the Moscow MetroRecord-breaking ring road: interesting facts about the construction of the Big Circle Line

Personal belongings of the shock workers and a mine telephone

On October 2, a new monument was unveiled in the Moscow Metro Square—near Rusakovskaya Street, where construction of the first phase began in December 1931 in the courtyard of Building 13. The front of the monument depicts a tunnel where miners, past and present, are working, a nod to the continuity of generations. On the reverse side, a 1935 metro map can be seen.

In addition, the Mosmetrostroy Museum is open in the city at 17 Tsvetnoy Boulevard.

The museum is small, but it holds many interesting things for Muscovites. Four orders awarded to Mosmetrostroy are on display. Display cases contain documents, photographs, exhibits, and materials on the history of the metro's creation. For example, the original tools of the first builders, the protective clothing and rubberized hats worn by miners, which protected them from the water rushing through the tunnel vaults, are on display. Visitors can hold the heavy receiver of a large mine telephone—it was used to communicate with the dispatcher and also to transmit commands to the operator, who operated the special elevator—the mine cage—that delivered people and mine cars loaded with rock to the surface. Artistic portraits of shock workers line the walls, including a formal portrait of the legendary Tatyana Fedorova, after whom the museum hall is named. Pavel Kalinin, director of the Mosmetrostroy Museum,

Museum visitors will be captivated by a miniature replica of Yevgeny Lanceray's famous majolica "Metro Builders," a unique round table inlaid with semiprecious stones and marble, crafted in 1947 by Mosmetrostroy stonecutters, and a model of a modern tunnel boring machine. These are the very same machines used to construct metro tunnels today.

The museum currently features an exhibition titled "Metro Builders for Victory." Displays and exhibits tell the story of the Metro builders' heroes, the seven stations built during the Great Patriotic War, special facilities, and the metro builders' participation in the construction of the Mozhaisk Defense Line.

"We've become accustomed to the mosaics, stained glass windows, sculptures, marble vestibules, and other works of art in the metro; we see them flashing by on our way to work and school. We're accustomed to convenient transfers and short train intervals. But we mustn't forget that all this requires a great deal of labor. Every meter we dig underground is the result of the efforts of countless specialists and equipment," concludes Valeria Evtishenkova.

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Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

October 2 marks Secondary Vocational Education Day. Sergei Sobyanin spoke about in-demand specialties, practical training, and contributions to the city's development on his channel. MAX messenger.

"The capital's colleges train true professionals. Students acquire a sought-after specialty and successfully build a career in their hometown. The training is based on

practice“It is to her that the majority of the teaching time is devoted,” the Mayor of Moscow wrote.

Source: Sergei Sobyanin's channel inMAX messenger

Students can hone their acquired skills in modern laboratories and workshops, as well as at partner companies' facilities. Moscow colleges already have more than 3,800 of these.

Graduates successfully find employment within a year. By joining Moscow's businesses, they make Moscow more welcoming, comfortable, and beautiful every day.

"I wish the students interesting classes and success in their studies, and the teachers talented students and excellent results!" wrote Sergei Sobyanin.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Anton Chekhov wrote The Seagull, the first of his four most famous plays, in 1895–1896. "I've finished the play. It's called 'The Seagull.' It's not very good. Generally speaking, I'm not a very good playwright," he self-critically noted in a letter to the singer and writer Elena Shavrova-Yust. Chekhov was concerned about the play's fate, but it ultimately won the hearts of audiences and readers. That same year, 1896, the writer completed work on Uncle Vanya, and in 1900 and 1903, respectively, Three Sisters and The Cherry Orchard were published, marking the pinnacle of Anton Chekhov's playwriting.

The premiere performances of "The Seagull" (1896) at the Alexandrinsky Theatre were a disastrous success. "The acting was so poor that the play itself was invisible through the acting, and I left St. Petersburg not knowing which was worse—the play, the acting, or both," Chekhov wrote at the time. But in 1898, Konstantin Stanislavsky and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko staged "The Seagull" at the Moscow Art Theatre (MKhT). It was a colossal success (the stylized silhouette of a seagull, based on a sketch by Fyodor Shekhtel, later became the emblem of the MKhT), and for over 100 years, the play has been a fixture on theatre stages worldwide.

Moscow theater directors are offering their own versions of the legendary "Seagull"—this fall, you can see both purely academic productions and performances that could be called experimental.

"The Seagull with a Continuation" at the Theatre on Bronnaya

Address: Malaya Bronnaya Street, Building 4

Age limit: 18

The production features Elizaveta Bazykina, Sergei Gorodnichy, Ivan Tarasov, and other actors. The director himself appears on stage as Trigorin.

You can purchase tickets using the service Mosbilet.

"The Seagull" at the Pyotr Fomenko Workshop

Address: Tarasa Shevchenko Embankment, Building 29

Age limit: 16

At the end of the 19th century, "The Seagull" revolutionized theatrical art. The delicate interplay of relationships, the virtuoso use of understatement, characters who speak not with words but "what lies behind them," the yearning for perfection, and a musically attuned ensemble of actors—everything that earned Anton Chekhov the reputation of a reformer of theater and drama—was also resonant with Kirill Pirogov, who staged the play at the Pyotr Fomenko Workshop. He attempted to convey everything Chekhov himself had instilled in the play, focusing on the characters' personalities and their destinies, which crumble while they dine and drink tea onstage.

The production stars Galina Tyunina, Fyodor Malyshev, Sofia Lukinykh, and other actors. Kirill Pirogov is also involved in the production, playing the role of Trigorin.

Tickets can be purchased using the service Mosbilet.

"The Seagull 73 458" at the Taganka Theatre

Address: Zemlyanoy Val Street, Building 76/21, Building 1

Age limit: 12

The five-digit number in the play's title refers to the number of productions of the play at the beginning of 2017—the premiere of "The Seagull" took place at the Taganka Theatre on April 21, 2017.

Dainius Kazlauskas's production is subtle and melancholic—artists relax in a secluded lakeside estate, reflecting on their dreams, talent, and the search for their own path. Everyone is in love (with the wrong people), but the production is much larger and more expansive than the story of a love triangle. Despite the unusual title, the creators relied entirely on the original text. At the same time, the director found a new approach to composition: the play doesn't end with a gunshot, but begins with one. Dainius Kazlauskas placed Konstantin Treplev in a space of memories: the young man is forced to see what happened to him again and again.

The cast of "The Seagull 73 458" includes Olga Lomonosova (in 2017, the role of Irina Arkadina was played by Irina Apeksimova – this was her debut at the Taganka Theatre), Alexandra Khovanskaya, Sergey Veksler, Daria Avratinskaya, Vasily Urievsky, and other actors.

You can buy tickets on the service Mosbilet.

"The Seagull" at the Southwest Theatre

Address: Vernadsky Avenue, Building 125

Age limit: 12

"The Seagull" has been performing at the Southwest Theatre for many years now—the current version premiered in May 2009. The production was directed by Valery Belyakovich, who was then the theatre's director, and he also designed the set and costumes.

The languid rhythm of dacha life near the "enchanted lake," conversations about art, the characters' light-colored attire, and the famous Chekhovian subtext, when behind every phrase lies a deep meaning and a growing, thickening tension in the air, when no one can reach mutual love and something new arises, breaking against the misunderstanding of those closest to them—this is "The Seagull" at the Southwest Theatre.

The production here is a clash of strong personalities, a blend of Russian romance and drums, a lack of scenery and strange floating props that occasionally interrupt the stage space, as well as the lives of people. Valery Belyakovich weaves the thread of Nina's fate primarily, but the performances of almost every character make it impossible to focus solely on her. The theme of Kostya, the Russian Hamlet, rises to classical heights here, while remaining understandable and recognizable to modern audiences—both adults and teenagers. This is accentuated by the relationship between the "older" couple.

"The Seagull" at the Southwest Theatre is perhaps one of the few productions where Arkadina and Trigorin love not only themselves in art, but also each other.

Tickets are available at the service Mosbilet.

With service Mosbilet It's convenient and enjoyable to plan any kind of leisure activity—from theater and concerts to sports activities and picnics. Tickets are sold without markups or intermediary commissions. The service also offers many free events. You can also purchase tickets for new season theater premieres and performances featuring famous artists. If you have a full or standard mos.ru account, you don't need to enter personal information when purchasing. Tickets for children are purchased using a simplified process. Users of the service don't need to bring identification to attend cultural events; they simply show the ticket inspector their digital ticket's QR code.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

City services specialists have begun repairs to the main dome of the Christ the Savior Cathedral. This was announced by the Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Housing, Utilities, and Public Works. Petr Biryukov.

"We're currently carrying out repair and restoration work at the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, and we've begun renovating the main dome, which is located at a height of over 90 meters. It's not attached to the building—it simply rests on it. This is necessary to prevent deformation due to the metal heating in the summer and contraction in the winter. Over the years, the metal has darkened, become stained, and the seams have become unsealed. Therefore, the decision was made to undertake a comprehensive renovation," noted Pyotr Biryukov.

Specially designed reinforced scaffolding was installed to facilitate high-altitude work. Completely dismantling the main dome, as was done during the renovation of the gate bell tower and four belfries, is impossible, as the frescoed vault of the church lies beneath. To ensure the preservation of the frescoes, specialists are removing small fragments of the coating and replacing them with new ones made of stainless steel with titanium nitride. This material has a service life of at least 50 years.

Under each removed section, the metal sheathing is repaired and waterproofed. New sheets are installed using a special locking system that ensures a complete seal. The total roofing weight will be approximately 15 tons. Roofers work manually in small teams at heights of 80-100 meters. The best specialists from all over Russia were brought in to complete this unique project.

A new dome cap is being manufactured at the same time. It will be installed after the roofing is installed. Additionally, the metal on the zakomaras—the semicircular crowns of the church's outer walls—is planned for replacement.

Previously, the façades of Russia's largest Orthodox church underwent a major overhaul. In 2023, the southern side of the building, along with the northern, eastern, and western sides, observation decks, and bell towers, were renovated in 2024. The total area of the renovated façades exceeded 13,200 square meters.

The domes of four bell towers at the Cathedral of Christ the Savior will be repaired.

Get the latest news quickly on official Moscow messaging channels. Max And Telegram.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

A literary evening entitled "Nikolai Leskov: Life and Work" will be held at Central Library No. 21.

The program includes readings of excerpts from the works, a screening of a documentary film, and rare archival footage. Particular attention will be paid to the analysis of "Lefty" and "The Enchanted Wanderer."

The evening will be hosted by Elena Leskova, teacher, lecturer, and creator of the Leskov Lecture Hall project.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Moscow Government –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The A.P. Gaidar Central City Children's Library invites you to a meeting with children's writer and poet Mikhail Lukashevich.

Guests will learn what cats think about when they wake up their owners, what lullabies a mother cat sings, and why purrs are better than dogs. The author will present a collection of poems, "A Big Cat Thank You," included in the "100 New Best Books for Children and Teens – 2025" catalog. Children will hear funny and heartwarming poems about cats, discuss with the author what they can learn from our furry friends, and then take part in a workshop and create their own drawings of the most charming cats.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.