Education Defying Prohibition: Women's Radio in Afghanistan

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: United Nations – United Nations –

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October 20, 2025 Women

Nearly 70,000 women in Afghanistan listen to Radio Femme, an online radio station run entirely by women. It disseminates knowledge and raises awareness about the rights of women and girls in Afghanistan's provinces.

With Afghan women barred from attending schools and universities, Radio Femme offers alternative forms of education. Eight teachers teach subjects such as mathematics and science.

This state of affairs continued until September 30, when the Taliban, without explanation, shut down the internet and mobile communications throughout the country, effectively forcing Radio Femme off the air.

The radio station's suspension is just one of many examples of how important the internet is for Afghan women. The lack of online radio broadcasting, coupled with the aftermath of the earthquake in the east of the country, the ongoing drought in the north, and the return of millions of refugees expelled from neighboring countries, is making life increasingly difficult for women and girls in Afghanistan.

"The current crisis is compounded by an existing one," said Arafat Jamal, a spokesman for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Such intervention is completely unjustified, and its consequences will directly impact the lives of the Afghan people."

In an interview with UN Women, an Afghan woman named Sama said the internet is vital for her work, starting a small business, and selling goods.

"Thanks to my online store, I've become famous," says Sama. "I'm making money, solving my financial problems, and becoming independent."

After the internet shutdown, Sama, like many other women, lost her only source of income overnight: “This deprives many of their last opportunity to study, earn money, and socialize.”

Internet access in Afghanistan has now been partially restored, but the outage demonstrated how valuable and fragile this channel of information exchange is. UN Women emphasizes that the importance of the digital space cannot be assessed from a purely technical perspective; the education, mental health, and livelihoods of Afghan women are at stake.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

$31 trillion in debt is holding back growth in developing countries, a UN trade summit said.

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Source: United Nations – United Nations –

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October 20, 2025 Economic development

Preserving the existing international trading system remains a key challenge if the world is to avoid a devastating tariff war, Secretary-General Rebeca Grynspan told the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) on Monday.

Addressing UNCTAD's 195 member states in Geneva, she stressed that 72 per cent of global trade still takes place within the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

"We have so far avoided the chain reaction of tariff escalation that once brought the global economy to its knees—in the 1930s," Greenspan said. "And this happened not by chance, but because of you—because you kept negotiating even when it seemed pointless… and built bridges even when they were crumbling."

A difficult choice

The UNCTAD chief's comments come amid ongoing global economic uncertainty and new announcements of tariffs on US trading partners.

According to Greenspan, rising tariffs, record debt payments and growing mistrust between countries are holding back development.

"The debt and development crises continue to force countries to face impossible choices," she noted. Countries are forced to decide whether to stop paying their debts or undermine their own development.

Tariffs and uncertainty

Earlier, at the UN General Assembly, Greenspan reported that the average level of tariffs imposed by major economies, including the United States, rose this year from 2.8 percent to more than 20 percent.

"Uncertainty is the highest possible tariff," she emphasized. "It discourages investors, slows growth, and makes trade as a path to development much more difficult."

Public debt crisis

Speaking in Geneva, UN General Assembly President Annalena Baerbock warned that developing country debt reached $31 trillion last year.

"Instead of investing in the future of their people – building schools or developing health care systems – many governments are forced to spend precious resources on debt servicing," she said.

Baerbock also noted that trust in the international system is eroding. Despite the global economy being valued at over $100 trillion annually, "half the world's population has seen almost no growth in their income," she added.

Investments are declining

UNCTAD Director Rebecca Greenspan warned that global investment flows have been declining for the second year in a row. Meanwhile, she noted, the current investment system still favors projects in developed countries over developing ones: "As a result, one dollar costs Zambia three times more than it does Zurich."

Greenspan added that freight costs have become too volatile, and that for landlocked countries and small island states, transport costs are three times higher than the global average.

Although artificial intelligence has the potential to increase global GDP by trillions of dollars, less than one-third of developing countries have strategies to capitalize on it, she noted. According to the UN, 2.6 billion people still lack internet access, most of them women in developing countries.

Read also:

INTERVIEW | UN Conference on Trade and Development chief: "In the digital world, landlocked countries have no geographic limitations"

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Financial news: 10/20/2025, 18:33 (Moscow time) the values of the upper limit of the price corridor and the range of market risk assessment for the security RU000A0JXRM6 (DOMRFIA 01) were changed.

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Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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October 20, 2025

18:33

In accordance with the Methodology for determining the risk parameters of the stock market and deposit market of PJSC Moscow Exchange by the NCC (JSC) on 20.10.2025, 18-33 (Moscow time), the values of the upper limit of the price corridor (up to 104.06) and the range of market risk assessment (up to 138.05 rubles, equivalent to a rate of 20.0%) of the security RU000A0JXRM6 (DOMRFIA 01) were changed.

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Financial news: On 2025-10-21, the Federal Treasury will hold a deposit auction of 22,025,325 rubles.

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Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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Application selection parameters;

Application selection date 2025-10-21. Unique application selection identifier 22 025 325. Deposit currency rubles. Fund type EKS. Maximum amount of funds placed in bank deposits, millions of monetary units 148,000,000,000. Placement period, in days 2. Date of depositing funds 21.10.2025. Date of return of funds 23.10.2025. Interest rate for placement of funds (fixed or floating)Single treasury account. Minimum fixed interest rate for placement of funds, % per annum 16.23. Basic floating interest rate for placement of funds-Minimum spread, % per annum-Terms of conclusion of a bank deposit agreement (fixed-term, replenishable or special)Fixed-term. The minimum amount of funds placed for one application, million monetary units 1,000,000,000. The maximum number of applications from one credit institution, pcs. 5. Application selection form (Open with random completion, Closed, Open with extension). Open with random completion. Application selection schedule (Moscow time). Venue of application selection PJSC Moscow Exchange. Applications are accepted from 09:30 to 09:40. Applications in preliminary mode from 09:30 to 09:35. Applications in competition mode from 09:35 to 09:40. Random trading end period (sec.): 120. Bid step:

Time step (sec.):

Extension period end time:

Formation of a consolidated register of applications from 10:20 to 10:50. Setting the cutoff interest rate and (or) recognizing the selection of applications as unsuccessful from 10:20 to 11:00. Sending an offer to credit institutions to conclude a bank deposit agreement from 11:00 to 12:20. Receipt of acceptance of the offer to conclude a bank deposit agreement from credit institutions from 11:00 to 12:20. Deposit transfer time In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 63 and 64 of the Order of the Federal Treasury dated April 27, 2023 No. 10n.

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Financial news: 10/20/2025, 17:07 (Moscow time) the values of the upper limit of the price corridor and the range of market risk assessment for security RU000A1098W8 (DOM 1P-18R) were changed.

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Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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October 20, 2025

17:07

In accordance with the Methodology for determining the risk parameters of the stock market and deposit market of PJSC Moscow Exchange by the NCC (JSC) on 20.10.2025, 17-07 (Moscow time), the values of the upper limit of the price corridor (up to 106.04) and the range of market risk assessment (up to 1339.85 rubles, equivalent to a rate of 10.0%) of the security RU000A1098W8 (DOM 1P-18R) were changed.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Alexander Novak met with the delegation of the Republic of Sudan.

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Source: Government of the Russian Federation – Government of the Russian Federation –

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Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Alexander Novak held a working meeting with Minister of Finance and Economic Planning Jibril Ibrahim and Minister of Energy Elmutasim Ibrahim of the Republic of Sudan.

The parties discussed a wide range of issues of bilateral cooperation.

"Sudan is our important partner in Africa; we are committed to mutually beneficial cooperation and are committed to continuing our dialogue. We believe there is potential for Russia and Sudan to expand cooperation in various areas. At the 8th Joint Intergovernmental Commission on Trade and Economic Cooperation held last month, the most promising areas for development between our countries were identified. An understanding was reached on expanding bilateral cooperation in transport, energy, trade, agriculture, and education," emphasized Alexander Novak.

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Financial news: The Bank of Russia will abolish the three-year inspection frequency starting in 2026.

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Source: Central Bank of Russia

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Regulator made changes In the instructions on the procedure for conducting inspections of supervised entities. One of the main innovations is the abolition of the mandatory three-year inspection frequency.

This applies, in particular, to credit institutions, non-state pension funds, trade organizers, payment system operators, credit bureaus, large insurers and professional participants in the securities market.

Amendments to the Bank of Russia's instructions will come into effect on October 31, 2025, and starting in the first half of 2026, inspections will be scheduled solely on the basis of a risk assessment and the specific activities of each financial market participant.

Preview photo: GalacticDreamer / Shutterstock / Fotodom

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Financial news: The first exchange placement of mutual fund units took place on the Moscow Exchange.

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Source: Moscow Exchange – Moscow Exchange –

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In October 2025, the first placement of interval mutual fund units on the Moscow Exchange, following IPO/SPO standards, was completed. The transactions were conducted in test mode.

Astra Management Company issued new units of the mutual fund for qualified investors “Hedge Fund R5” (trading code – RU000A105153) and “Hedge Fund D5” (trading code – RU000A106MG3) within the open interval.

Boris Blokhin, Managing Director for Stock Market and Digital Assets at Moscow Exchange:

"Placing units of interval funds using exchange-traded infrastructure significantly simplifies the process, reduces costs, and expands the pool of potential clients for management companies. This year, management companies have already completed 14 closed-end and interval fund placements, totaling almost two billion rubles. We are confident that the active use of infrastructure services by management companies will provide additional impetus for increasing the accessibility of the Russian collective investment market."

The placement of fund units is carried out in a separate trading mode and consists of several stages: collecting orders, activating them, and concluding transactions. On behalf of the management company, the underwriter acts as the seller of new fund units. The placement mode for issuing new units of established mutual funds on the Moscow Exchange began in December 2020 and is actively used by management companies to place units of closed-end mutual investment funds, including those intended only for qualified investors.

Around 10 management companies have already taken advantage of the opportunity to place shares using the exchange infrastructure.

Today, nearly 200 units of various mutual investment funds from over 40 Russian management companies are available to investors on the Moscow Exchange.

Moscow Exchange is Russia's largest exchange and the only multifunctional platform for trading stocks, bonds, derivatives, currencies, money market instruments, and commodities. The Moscow Exchange Group includes a central depository and a clearing center that acts as a central counterparty in the markets, enabling Moscow Exchange to provide its clients with a full range of trading and post-trading services.

Contact information for media: 7 (495) 363-3232PR@moex.com

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Exclusive: China can adapt to uncertainty for long-term development, says German business association leader

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Berlin, October 20 (Xinhua) — During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), China demonstrated its ability to transform external shocks into opportunities for long-term modernization. Michael Schumann, Chairman of the Board of the German Federal Association for Economic Development and Foreign Trade, stated this in a recent interview with Xinhua.

As M. Shuman noted, China, despite global uncertainty, continues to implement innovation and digital technologies and strive for green transformation, while maintaining social stability.

"Few countries manage to maintain such a balance. I would characterize the past five years as a period of sustained transformation, when challenges have become catalysts for modernization," the businessman noted. "Planning in China is distinguished by its particular quality, as plan implementation is generally more consistent, and the people involved are highly qualified to carry it out."

"In China, innovation has developed, digital infrastructure has expanded, the green transition has accelerated, and people's well-being has improved even further. This combination of structural reforms and social stability is truly impressive," the Xinhua source added.

M. Schuman emphasized China's development philosophy, which centers on innovation, coordination, green growth, and openness. "This reminds us that GDP alone is no longer sufficient; development must be measured by sustainability, inclusiveness, and resilience," he noted.

Based on this vision, M. Schumann continued, the concept of new productive forces marks a significant shift in China's development model. "It shows that future growth will depend less on cheap labor and more on advanced technologies, green energy, digital platforms, and human capital," the businessman stated. "For China, this means unleashing new drivers of modernization. For the world, it means transforming the engines of global growth toward sustainability and shared prosperity."

M. Shuman said he has already visited China three times this year and witnessed firsthand the dynamism of the Chinese economy. During one visit to an electric vehicle factory in Beijing, he was particularly struck by the high level of automation and efficiency, which, he said, reflects China's strong momentum in industrial innovation.

Such progress, he emphasized, is also changing global supply chains and business strategies. Many German companies are expanding their business in China to exploit the potential of the Chinese market and maintain connections to global production networks.

The country's dynamic innovation environment acts as a "fitness center" for foreign companies seeking to remain competitive, noted M. Shuman.

He noted that against a backdrop of rising protectionism and challenges to global supply chains, China's continued institutional openness sends a strong signal of stability.

“While many economies are turning inward, China is doing the opposite and continuing to open up,” M. Schumann emphasized, citing the sustainable development of China-Europe freight rail links as a concrete example of how connectivity can translate into shared growth.

"The China-Europe rail connection isn't just about trade; it also fosters trust, stability, and development. For example, Duisburg, a former industrial city, has now been transformed by logistics hubs and new businesses linked to the rail network. The railway creates a real ripple effect, stimulating the local economy and bringing tangible benefits to German communities," the businessman explained.

Looking ahead, M. Shuman said China's five-year plan mechanism will remain one of its key institutional strengths, combining long-term vision with operational efficiency and ensuring coherence across ministries, regions, and industries, which is difficult to achieve in other countries.

Regarding the 15th Five-Year Plan, which China is currently developing, M. Schuman suggested that it would focus on green growth, digital transformation, and the development of new productive forces. The Xinhua source also expressed hope that China would continue to deepen international cooperation in areas such as climate technology, sustainable finance, and global governance reform.

“I expect to see a China that is even greener, more innovative, and more connected to the world—a China that continues to promote stability and shared prosperity,” concluded M. Schuman. –0–

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Ukraine intends to sign a contract for the supply of 25 Patriot air defense systems, according to V. Zelensky.

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Kyiv, October 20 (Xinhua) — Ukraine intends to sign a contract with American defense companies for the supply of 25 Patriot air defense missile systems. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced this, the Interfax-Ukraine news agency reported on Monday.

According to him, official Kyiv wants to receive one part of these systems as soon as possible, while the other part will become a long-term guarantee of security for Ukraine.

At the same time, Zelenskyy noted that there are certain complications with Patriot deliveries: countries that have signed the relevant contracts are on a waiting list to receive these systems. Consequently, Patriot deliveries to Ukraine will be carried out over several years, "in varying quantities in different years," Zelenskyy explained.

He added that revenues from frozen Russian assets will be used primarily to purchase Patriots. However, Kyiv officials also need to find other sources of funding.

According to media estimates, Ukraine currently has between six and eight Patriot air defense systems. The first system entered combat service in the country in April 2023.

The Patriot is an air defense and anti-missile system armed with surface-to-air guided missiles. –0–

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.