Top Stories of the Day | Wednesday: Somalia, peacebuilding, transport, UN Secretary-General

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November 26, 2025 UN

The main news of the day at the UN and around the world: a state of emergency due to drought in Somalia, peacebuilding resolutions, World Sustainable Transport Day, the selection of candidates for the post of UN Secretary-General.

Drought in Somalia

Somalia is experiencing rapidly worsening droughtFor the fourth consecutive rainy season, rainfall has been extremely poor, reservoirs have emptied, vast swathes of the country are without water, and millions of people are at risk of starvation and displacement. UN humanitarian agencies warned on Wednesday. On November 10, the Federal Government of Somalia officially declared a state of emergency and appealed to the international community for assistance. The situation continues to deteriorate, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

Maintaining peace

The UN General Assembly and Security Council today adopted agreed resolutions on the Review of the Peacebuilding Architecture. These decisions reaffirm the commitment to strengthening the UN's effectiveness in sustaining peace. Meanwhile, the UN Secretary-General's Peacebuilding Fund reported exceeding the $1 billion mark in approved funding for programs since 2020. However, approximately $500 million remains needed to implement the 2020–2026 strategy. The fund currently supports more than 50 countries.

Sustainable transport

Transport is vital for connectivity, trade, economic growth, and employment. However, the transport sector is also a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. A balance must be achieved between sustainable transport development and economic growth. In this regard, the UN General Assembly, at the initiative of Turkmenistan, declared the 2023 UN Sustainable Transport Strategy on November 26 World Sustainable Transport DayIn addition, December 10 marks the launch of the UN Decade of Sustainable Transport.

Election of the General Secretary

On the eve, the President of the UN General Assembly and the President of the Security Council – the two main organs of the United Nations – officially launched the process of selecting the next Secretary-General, sending a letter to member countries inviting them to nominate candidates. As a reminder, the current UN chief's term expires at the end of 2026. According to the UN Charter, the Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.

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Generation 2050 in Central Asia: A Chance for Rapid Economic Growth That Can't Be Missed

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November 26, 2025 Economic development

Central Asia is experiencing profound demographic changes that will shape the region's economic and social future in the coming decades. According to the regional report "Generation 2050 in Central Asia," prepared with the support of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), more than half the population of five countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan—is now under 30 years old.

This creates a unique opportunity to reap a "demographic dividend": an increase in the share of the working-age population could lead to accelerated economic growth. However, this opportunity can only be realized through significant investment in human capital.

A young region in a rapidly aging world

Against the backdrop of global population aging, Central Asia remains one of the youngest regions in Eurasia. In Tajikistan, the median age is only 22, in Kyrgyzstan it is 25, and in Uzbekistan it is 27. Even by 2050, these figures will remain relatively low, increasing the window of opportunity for economic growth.

The region's population continues to grow: from 56 million in 2000, it has increased to over 84 million by 2025 and will reach nearly 112 million by mid-century. Tajikistan and Uzbekistan are experiencing particularly rapid population growth: the former will add almost 5 million people by 2050, while the latter will add over 15 million. The number of women of reproductive age is also increasing, maintaining stable birth rates despite their gradual decline.

Investments in human capital

The report calls for investment in education, healthcare, and skills development for the younger generation. This is particularly important in Central Asia, as countries in the region still struggle with human capital.

According to the World Bank, children born in the region today will only realize 50-60 percent of their productive potential due to limited access to quality education, health care, and social protection.

If investment in children and youth remains at the current level, the region risks facing rising unemployment, increasing inequality, and a loss of economic potential, the report's authors warn.

A critical period

Today, there are approximately 60 dependents for every 100 working-age people in Central Asia—a historically low figure that will begin to rise after 2040 due to population aging. This means that the next 10–15 years are critical: without modernizing the education, healthcare, and social protection systems now, economic growth will be limited for decades to come.

Migration poses particular challenges. Millions of residents of Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan work abroad, and their children grow up separated from their parents, which impacts their emotional well-being, academic performance, and social adaptation. In the coming years, many migrants will return home at retirement age, increasing the burden on social services.

Urban Future: Opportunity or Risk?

By mid-century, 60.5 percent of the region's population will live in cities. However, infrastructure development—water supply, sanitation, transportation, and healthcare—has not yet kept pace with urban growth. This is particularly acute in the rapidly growing districts of Tashkent, Dushanbe, and Bishkek.

The climate factor is also exacerbating the situation: droughts, melting glaciers, and water shortages are already leading to population displacement and increased pressure on urban areas. Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan are also increasingly experiencing heatwaves, which threaten health and the economy.

Investing for the Future

Experts emphasize that two-thirds of future economic growth will come from investments in human capital. This means:

access to quality education from an early age; provision of children and adolescents with modern medicine and healthy nutrition; social protection systems that support families; employment and training programs for youth, including girls and young women; expanding access to water, sanitation, and a safe urban environment.

If these measures are implemented, Central Asia will be able to capitalize on its greatest asset: a young, energetic, and numerous generation that will shape the region in 2050.

Read also:

INTERVIEW | Bishkek: The City Is Growing, Greening, and Getting Smarter

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China welcomes more countries and international organizations to join the green mining cooperation initiative, according to the Ministry of Commerce.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Beijing, November 27 (Xinhua) — China welcomes more countries and international organizations to join the Green Mining Initiative for International Trade and Economic Cooperation and their broader support for the initiative, Ministry of Commerce spokesperson He Yongqian said at a regular press briefing on Thursday.

According to her, China intends to conduct active practical cooperation with all parties and support the operation of mutually beneficial, fair, reasonable, stable and smooth global value chains in the green mineral resource sector.

He Yongqian recalled that China put forward the Initiative for International Trade and Economic Cooperation in Green Mining at the recently held 20th G20 Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa.

The initiative has currently received support from more than 20 countries and international organizations, the official representative said.

She stated that China has consistently been an active participant and driving force in the global green transition.

As He Yongqian emphasized, through this initiative, China and the relevant parties will promote the formation of a new type of partnership in the field of mineral resources – open, mutually beneficial, fair and rational.

Noting that the G20 summit was held on the African continent for the first time, she also recalled that China had released its action plan for implementing the G20 initiative aimed at supporting industrialization in Africa and the least developed countries. This plan includes approximately 50 practical cooperation projects between China and Africa in areas such as infrastructure, digital industry, and green mining.

China hopes that this step will help strengthen global consensus and joint efforts in addressing industrialization, which is a priority for the socio-economic development of African countries, and will contribute to poverty reduction and sustainable development, He Yongqian said.

China will take new practical actions to support the industrialization process in African countries, respecting their own wishes, and will work with them to build an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future in the new era, the official spokeswoman for the Ministry of Commerce of China added.

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The CSTO has become an authoritative regional structure – Vladimir Putin

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Bishkek, November 27 (Xinhua) — Over the past decade, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) has become a respected regional structure. This was stated by Russian President Vladimir Putin at the regular session of the CSTO Collective Security Council, which took place on Thursday in Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan.

As Vladimir Putin noted, the CSTO reliably guarantees security and stability in the Eurasian space and protects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its member states. "Given geopolitical tensions, it is entirely logical that the task of promoting the collective interests and initiatives of the CSTO member states on the global stage has become paramount," he emphasized.

During the session, it was announced that Russia would assume the CSTO chairmanship in 2026. According to the Russian president, one of the key priorities of Russia's chairmanship will be developing cooperation among CSTO states to ensure the organization's technological leadership in the military sphere. "Russia will continue to closely cooperate with its allies on all matters related to strengthening the CSTO's military potential, focusing our efforts on enhancing the combat readiness of national contingents and improving the command and control of collective forces," Putin stated.

The session was chaired by Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov. It was attended by the presidents of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko, Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, and Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon, as well as CSTO Secretary General Imangali Tasmagambetov.

Speaking about the intersessional period, S. Japarov emphasized that concrete steps had been taken to counter modern security challenges and threats, and that work had been underway to strengthen the organization's international authority. He noted the implementation of practical measures in the areas of military, military-economic, and military-technical cooperation, as well as a number of major exercises held within the CSTO framework throughout 2025.

"These and other events successfully ensured the coordination of the actions of the armed forces of the member states and increased their readiness to carry out assigned tasks," the President of Kyrgyzstan added.

Following the session, more than ten documents were signed, including the Declaration of the CSTO Collective Security Council. It was also announced that the current Deputy Secretary General of the CSTO, Kyrgyz expert in international relations Taalatbek Masadykov, will become the organization's new Secretary General.

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Kazakhstan ratified an agreement with Turkmenistan on cooperation in combating crime.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Almaty, November 27 (Xinhua) – Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev has ratified an agreement with the government of Turkmenistan on cooperation in combating crime, the Kazinform news agency reported on Thursday.

The agreement was signed on October 10, 2024, in Ashgabat during the official visit of K.-Zh. Tokayev to Turkmenistan.

The document creates a legal basis for effective cooperation and covers the entire range of modern threats, including organized crime, terrorism and extremism and their financing, corruption and economic crimes, and cybercrime.

Cooperation is achieved through the fulfillment of mutual requests, the exchange of information, experience and specialists, and assistance in training and professional development of law enforcement officers. –0–

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China's sustainable development brings certainty to global development, says Chinese Ambassador to Russia Zhang Hanhui.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, November 27 (Xinhua) – China's sustainable development brings certainty to global development, Chinese Ambassador to Russia Zhang Hanhui stated in an interview with TASS, published on the news agency's website on Thursday.

"China's contribution to global economic growth consistently stands at around 30 percent. China is the most sustainable and reliable driving force behind global economic development. China's development is inseparable from the world, and the world's prosperity also depends on China," the ambassador emphasized.

He recalled that at the recently concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee in Beijing, the CPC Central Committee's proposals for drafting the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development were reviewed and adopted. These proposals outline the general directions and strategic framework for China's development over the next five years. "This is another comprehensive mobilization and planning exercise aimed at capitalizing on the current favorable situation for growth and advancement of China's modernization, which will undoubtedly have a significant and long-term impact on the country's future development," the diplomat noted.

Zhang Hanhui assured that during the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030), China will continue to comprehensively deepen reforms, further expand high-level opening-up to the outside world, promote high-quality economic development, advance inclusive and mutually beneficial economic globalization, and strive to build an open world economy. "China, steadily pursuing high-quality development, is undoubtedly a stabilizing factor for global economic growth and an accelerator for advancing global development," the ambassador stated, adding that China will bring even more certainty to global development amid turbulence and dramatic changes in the international situation.

The diplomat also noted that the 15th Five-Year Plan emphasizes the need to implement four global initiatives: the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative. "These four initiatives are an important public service presented to the world by President Xi Jinping. Each initiative has different emphases, but they are not mutually exclusive and, taken together, serve as an important foundation for building a community with a shared future for humanity in terms of development, security, civilization, and governance," he explained.

As Zhang Hanhui stated, the Global Security Initiative (GSII) is focused on resolving international disputes through dialogue and consultation, proposes new approaches to international security cooperation, and provides a feasible path to improving global security governance. It has received broad recognition from the international community, including Russia. "Security issues concern the well-being of the peoples of all countries, the noble cause of world peace and development, and the future destiny of humanity. China stands ready to work with Russia to adapt to a profound restructuring of the international architecture in a spirit of solidarity and to address complex and intertwined security challenges with a win-win mindset," the diplomat emphasized.

He emphasized that, within the framework of the strategic tasks set by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, China will confidently advance along the path of high-quality development. "A China that is constantly developing and increasingly open to the outside world will bring more opportunities to the world. A China that adheres to peaceful development and actively participates in global governance will make a greater contribution to world peace and stability. A China that maintains stable relations with Russia and other countries will gather greater strength to build a community with a shared future for humanity," Zhang Hanhui concluded.

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China strongly objects to arms supplies to Taiwan, says Chinese Ambassador to Russia Zhang Hanhui.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, November 27 /Xinhua/ — China resolutely opposes any form of military contact with Taiwan or arms supplies to the island. This is a gross violation of the one-China principle and could lead to a dangerous situation. This was stated by Chinese Ambassador to Russia Zhang Hanhui in an interview with TASS, published on the news agency's website on Thursday.

"China firmly opposes any form of military contact between any country or region and the Taiwan region of China and firmly opposes arms supplies to Taiwan," Zhang Hanhui said, commenting on the ongoing Western arms supplies to the island.

"US arms sales to Taiwan grossly violate the one-China principle and the provisions of the three Sino-US joint communiqués. These are seriously provocative actions that affect China's sovereignty and security interests. Such actions not only fail to change the historical inevitability of the eventual reunification of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, but also push the situation in the Strait to an even more dangerous point," the Chinese diplomat emphasized.

Zhang Hanhui recalled that China declared October 25th as Taiwan Liberation Day and has consistently taken measures to support the island, improving trade, postal, and transportation links. A large number of Taiwanese entrepreneurs conduct business on the Chinese mainland, Taiwanese students go to study on the Chinese mainland, and contacts between the two sides of the border are becoming increasingly close.

"The unification of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait meets the aspirations of the people and is in line with the overall development trend. Attempts by separatist forces seeking 'Taiwan independence' or anti-China forces to divide China are doomed to failure," the ambassador stated.

“We highly appreciate Russia’s unwavering commitment to the one-China principle on the Taiwan issue and its consistent firm support for China, which fully reflects the high level of China-Russia relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic coordination in the new era,” Zhang Hanhui concluded. –0–

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China calls on the US to immediately lift the blockade and sanctions against Cuba – Chinese Foreign Ministry

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) — China calls on the United States to seriously heed the international community's call for justice and immediately lift the blockade and sanctions on Cuba, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun said at a regular ministry briefing on Thursday.

The diplomat's statement came after the UN Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on human rights, Elena Dovgan, visited Cuba and stated in a preliminary report that US sanctions are having a serious negative impact on the economy and humanitarian situation in Cuba and violate numerous norms of international law.

As Guo Jiakun pointed out, this report is fully consistent with the recent UN General Assembly resolution, adopted by an overwhelming majority, calling on the United States to end the embargo on Cuba.

Stressing that the Chinese side has consistently opposed the US blockade and sanctions against Cuba, Guo Jiakun said that China urges the United States to seriously heed the international community's call for justice, immediately lift the restrictive measures imposed against Cuba, and remove Cuba from the US list of state sponsors of terrorism.

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Russia has repeatedly warned Japan against deploying American-made medium-range missiles on its territory, according to the Russian Foreign Ministry.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, November 27 /Xinhua/ — Russia has repeatedly warned Japan against deploying American-made medium-range missiles on its territory. Japan's remilitarization policy could only lead to increased tensions and negatively impact stability and security in the region, Russian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova stated at a briefing on Thursday.

"We are closely monitoring all statements and steps by the Japanese leadership within the framework of their adopted course… toward the remilitarization of Japan. We have previously repeatedly drawn attention to the negative impact of Tokyo's policy on stability and security in our shared region. Through diplomatic channels, including the sending of a corresponding note from the ministry, we have warned Japan in the strongest possible terms about the inadmissibility of deploying American-made medium-range missiles on its territory under any pretext—permanent, temporary, or otherwise," Zakharova said in response to a Xinhua reporter's question about Tokyo's plans to deploy medium-range missiles on islands near Taiwan.

According to her, Tokyo's "aggressive militaristic course" and such military measures "further escalate the regional security situation and pose serious risks to neighboring states. At the same time, they give rise to a harsh response to the implementation of Japan's specific plans in this area."

The Russian Foreign Ministry's official spokesperson emphasized that "it is necessary to return to the foundations on which Japan's post-war peaceful development rests. These foundations were laid by the results of World War II, which, unfortunately, as we are once again seeing, are still not fully recognized by the Japanese side."

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Moscow shared its experience in developing an intelligent transport system with its colleagues from Mexico City.

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Moscow continues to strengthen international cooperation in urban transport. Together with the Moscow Government University, the Department of Transport organized an intensive 10-day training course for specialists from the Mexico City Mobility Secretariat. The program combined theory, practice, and familiarization with key urban transport infrastructure.

During their training, Mexican specialists:

We studied the operation of one of the world's largest photo and video recording systems. We learned about modern solutions for managing traffic in the metropolis. We learned how Moscow uses intelligent approaches to installing and configuring traffic lights. We visited the Mitino electric bus depot, the Unified Dispatch Center, the TsODD Situation Center, and the Autonomous Vehicle Research and Development Center.

Moscow regularly conducts similar training programs. Previously, they have involved transport agency employees from Brazil, Iraq, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan.

"At the request of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, we share our experience implementing advanced transport solutions with colleagues from other countries. We regularly conduct training for specialists from transport departments in foreign cities. In November, a delegation from the Secretariat of Mobility of Mexico City received a detailed overview of the development of the intelligent transport system in the capital," noted Maxim Liksutov.