New UN cargo agreement will make global trade more flexible

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Source: United Nations – United Nations –

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Polina Kubyak

December 17, 2025 Economic development

Shipping goods around the world could soon become cheaper, faster, and significantly more flexible thanks to the adoption of a new UN-sponsored agreement. It aims to streamline documentation for international shipping.

UN Convention on Negotiable Cargo Documents For the first time, it introduces a single standard that can be used for rail, road and air transport and allows for logistical changes to be made to cargo already in transit.

This means that valuable cargo can be sold, redirected, or used to obtain financing during the long haul, not just before loading.

"This is a real breakthrough for international trade," said Anne Joubin-Bret, Secretary-General of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), who has been coordinating the negotiations for three years.

From Brazil to Azerbaijan

Today, negotiable transport documents are mainly used in maritime transport, which can last for weeks. Commodities such as oil or cocoa are often resold several times right at sea, as prices fluctuate.

At the same time, cargo transported by road, rail, or air is typically issued to a single buyer and with a single destination, which limits the range of possible solutions and access to financial instruments.

James Hookham, director of the Global Shippers Forum, gave a hypothetical example of the movement of commodities from a supplier in Brazil to a subsidiary in Paraguay.

"Market conditions change," he explained. "While goods are in transit, which can take several days, a buyer may appear who is willing to pay a higher price elsewhere."

According to him, under the new system, such cargo could be sold, for example, to a buyer in Azerbaijan, with the destination changed during transportation.

"It's almost like crossing out the address on an envelope after the letter has been sent," Hookham added.

Goods destined for Paraguay by sea could be flown to Istanbul and then sent on to Azerbaijan – something that is impossible under the current restrictions.

A wide range of benefits

Such flexibility is becoming increasingly necessary as new trade corridors open – through Central Asia, between China and Europe, and across Africa – often with routes serving landlocked countries.

The new Convention, according to Hookham, "means cargo isn't rejected simply because the transaction period has expired," especially in the face of a growing number of factors disrupting international trade. He noted the negative impact recent instability, related to tariffs, unexpected extreme weather events – such as the recent outages in the Caribbean due to Hurricane Melissa, – as well as with the seizure of cargo in the Red Sea.

The Convention aims to reduce risks for banks and carriers by establishing clear legal rules determining who owns cargo at any given time. This certainty makes banks more willing to finance transactions and helps carriers avoid disputes related to cargo being delivered to the wrong party.

"If Plan A doesn't work for you or is too expensive, this is an alternative," Hookham emphasized.

Who will sign the agreement?

The Convention will be particularly important for developing countries and landlocked states, and will help them integrate more deeply into the global trading system and reduce costs.

African and Central Asian countries, as well as major trading powers, have already expressed interest in the agreement, including China, which initiated the process at the UN back in 2019. The negotiations, which included extensive consultations, are an example of "effective multilateral cooperation," Anna Joubin-Bret emphasized.

The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution supporting the Convention on December 15. The signing ceremony is scheduled for the second half of 2026 in Accra, Ghana. The treaty will enter into force once it is ratified by ten states.

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Ukraine: Multi-day power outages, water and heat supply disruptions

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December 17, 2025 Humanitarian aid

Imagine living in a war zone and unable to cook or heat your home. For tens of thousands of Ukrainians, this is the reality today: UN Humanitarian Coordinator Matthias Schmale reported that half of the city of Kherson's population – 30,000 or more people – have been without electricity for several days.

Kherson isn't the only city without power, he said in an interview with the UN News Service on Wednesday during his trip to southern Ukraine. "The main problem is how to support people when the power is out for several days in a row, or even more than a week, as is currently happening, for example, in Odesa," he noted.

"The authorities are fairly confident they can handle a power outage lasting a few hours or even a couple of days. But outages lasting more than a week pose significant challenges," Shmale added.

© UKGV

Matthias Schmale with an elderly resident of Kherson.

According to the UN Coordinator, to overcome the energy crisis, it is necessary to provide schools and health facilities with generators and sufficient fuel supplies so that people can gather there in the event of a crisis.

"Almost everything is destroyed"

On Wednesday, Matthias Schmale visited frontline Kherson and met with residents at the UN humanitarian hub where people come to seek aid. One woman, a power plant employee, told him she was afraid to go to work because of the shelling of energy facilities.

She says there are only five houses left on her street where people still live, and "almost everything is destroyed." But she has no plans to leave.

© UKGV

A woman came to the UN humanitarian hub for help.

"I don't even think about it. My house, my dogs, my cats. The neighbors left after their houses were damaged. They left their dog for a week. They've been gone for three years," she said.

Another woman the Humanitarian Coordinator met with said she was from the island district of Kherson and lived without gas—she had no way to heat her home or cook. Ten days ago, her mother died in the hospital after stepping on a mine. Six months earlier, her husband was killed in Mykolaiv while riding public transportation during a drone attack.

Remembering everyone she had lost, the woman burst into tears and said she was afraid she would never be able to return home.

"I prefer to smile than to cry."

"Kherson used to be a very industrial city, but that's no longer the case," said another retiree. In her youth, she worked manufacturing meteorological instruments for marine vessels.

Matthias Schmale noted her sense of humor, despite the difficult circumstances. "I prefer smiling to crying. I've had enough time to cry," she replied.

“I just want to go home and die,” the woman added with bitterness in her voice.

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Top Stories Wednesday: Yemen, Sudan, Flu, Sri Lanka

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December 17, 2025 UN

The top news of the day at the UN and around the world: the Secretary-General warned of the risks of escalating conflict in Yemen, fighting in Sudan, a new strain of the flu virus, and the consequences of Cyclone Ditwa in Sri Lanka.

The situation in Yemen

Tensions in Yemen: António Guterres, speaking to journalists in New York after his briefing on the situation in the country for the Security Council, said unilateral actions, such as the recent advance of forces affiliated with the Southern Transitional Council in the eastern provinces, "increase the risk of wider escalation and further fragmentation." The UN chief recalled that the parties to the conflict had already come close to peace in 2022 and 2023, but subsequent events "have seriously complicated the situation." Nevertheless, he emphasized, "peace is possible."

Crisis in Sudan

The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs is warning of growing humanitarian needs in Sudan as civilians continue to flee fighting in the Kordofan region. The International Organization for Migration estimates that more than 9.3 million people remain internally displaced in 18 states across the country. Many are at risk of starvation. Furthermore, the World Health Organization has expressed concern that more than 70 health workers and approximately 5,000 civilians have reportedly been forcibly detained in Nyala, the capital of South Darfur state.

Flu season

The flu season in Europe and Central Asia has started much earlier than usual, with the spread of the infection being facilitated by the emergence of new dominant strain of the virusA number of countries are experiencing significant strain on their healthcare systems. Vaccination remains the most important measure to prevent severe influenza, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly, people with chronic illnesses, children, pregnant women, and healthcare workers. The WHO recommends staying home if you feel unwell, wearing a mask in public places if you have respiratory symptoms, covering your mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, washing your hands regularly, and ventilating your indoor spaces more frequently.

Cyclone in Sri Lanka

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) today appealed for $7.3 million to support more than 100,000 people affected by Cyclone Ditwa in Sri Lanka. The storm forced more than 280,000 people from their homes, damaging or destroying more than 81,000 shelters. The UN agency is calling for urgent support for families facing continued displacement and disrupted access to essential services.

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On December 18, 2025, "Blood Type" opened the Russian Film Festival in France.

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Source: Gazprom – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

This poignant story, dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Victory Day, tells the story of the child prisoners of the Vyritsa concentration camp. The Nazis used the orphans as blood donors for wounded soldiers. Hunger, cold, fear—and a choice: surrender or rally and flee. They chose freedom.

The film was produced by Triix Media with the support of Gazprom-Media Holding, the Cinema Fund, the Russian Military Historical Society, and the Movement of the First.

The Festival will also feature a number of films produced by the Holding's companies:

"The Prophet: The Story of Alexander Pushkin" is a musical biography about a vibrant, daring genius: from high school and duels to exile and love. History and music blend seamlessly. "North Pole" is an action drama about the maiden voyage of the Soviet nuclear submarine K-3 under the Arctic ice in 1962. The Cold War and fateful decisions.

The festival will run in Paris until December 21. Organized by ROSKINO with the support of the Russian Ministry of Culture, the festival will also feature interviews with filmmakers and actors, questions, and behind-the-scenes insights into the filming process.

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Breaking News: US Consumer Price Index rose 2.7% in November, below market expectations

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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

New York, December 18 (Xinhua) — The consumer price index in the United States increased by 2.7 percent in November, according to data released Thursday by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The corresponding figure was below market expectations of 3.1 percent and slightly below the 3 percent growth recorded in September. –0–

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An earthquake measuring over 6.0 magnitude struck off the coast of Kamchatka, according to media reports.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, December 18 /Xinhua/ — An earthquake measuring over 6.0 magnitude struck off the eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kamchatka-Inform news agency reported, citing the Kamchatka branch of the Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The earthquake occurred at 00:37 on December 19 local time.

"The epicenter of the seismic event, recorded at 00:37, was located in the Pacific Ocean, 103 km southeast of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The epicenter was located at a depth of 42 km," the statement said.

There were no reports of damage or casualties.

On July 30, a powerful earthquake struck in the Pacific Ocean 149 km from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, making it the strongest to hit the region since 1952. Its magnitude was 8.8. Aftershocks have been recorded off the coast of Kamchatka since then.

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The Union of Chinese Entrepreneurs in Russia summarized its work in 2025.

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, December 18 (Xinhua) – Chinese companies will contribute to the development of Russian-Chinese business relations throughout 2025. This was stated by Zhou Liqun, Chairman of the Union of Chinese Entrepreneurs in Russia, speaking at a New Year's reception for Russian and Chinese business circles held in Moscow on Wednesday.

"I thank our Chinese companies for their active participation and contribution to Chinese-Russian business relations," he noted, presenting the union's 2025 report.

Zhou Liqun noted that this year's priority was strengthening the union's team and improving the quality of service provided to Chinese companies. He explained that in June, the union established a new automotive industry committee, which included 13 Chinese automobile companies. Currently, the union consists of eight industry committees and two regional branches (in St. Petersburg and Kazan).

To serve and protect the interests of Chinese companies, the union has established cooperation with the Russian Ministry of Economic Development and signed agreements with 10 Russian regions. "The union's goal is to protect the legal rights and interests of its members. This work has been ongoing since March 2019, when the Legal Support Center was established jointly with the Commissioner for the Protection of Entrepreneurs' Rights," Zhou Liqun emphasized.

In 2025, the Union supported more than 100 events aimed at promoting trade and economic cooperation, including the Russia-China business dialogues at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, the Eastern Economic Forum, the first Russian-Chinese forum in Khabarovsk, the Digital Industry of Industrial Russia conference in Nizhny Novgorod, and the Sprouts forum in Tatarstan.

“These and other events help strengthen business cooperation and give new impetus to bilateral trade and economic relations,” Zhou Liqun said.

He added that the union works not only on economic issues but also on humanitarian ones. For example, in 2025, the organization supported the "Chinese New Year in Moscow" festival, as well as a photo exhibition commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.

Zhou Liqun expressed confidence that Chinese-Russian business cooperation will only strengthen in 2026, especially after the introduction of mutual visa-free travel. He also assured that the alliance will actively work within the framework of the China-Russia Cross-Formation Years.

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Review: Russians welcome visa-free travel as new impetus for deepening ties with China

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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News

Moscow, December 18 (Xinhua) — The introduction of a visa-free regime between China and Russia opens new opportunities not only for tourism and business but also for deepening mutual understanding between the peoples of the two countries. Xinhua correspondents spoke with Russians whose lives are closely connected to China to find out their opinions.

Moscow-based guide Dmitry Dobrolyubov is an internet celebrity on Chinese social media. Dobrolyubov noted that since the introduction of the bilateral visa-free regime between Russia and China, there has been a "quantum leap in market development" and a transformation of tourism services.

"There's a lot of interest from both potential tourists and hosting companies in Russia. There are so many wonderful new projects and new routes. There's a huge surge of interest among professionals in the Russian tourism market, a strong desire to do things better and in new ways, to create new, high-quality projects, and to showcase more regions," the guide said.

D. Dobrolyubov began studying Chinese and became interested in China in the early 1990s. He spent a long time working on Chinese-Russian tourism and lived in China for a total of 16 years.

"I lived the longest in Guangzhou and Yiwu. I also lived for a short time in Beijing and Shanghai," noted D. Dobrolyubov.

"I love China and the Chinese. I've learned a lot from them—about their behavior, their way of thinking, and their everyday life," he shared. He says working with Chinese tourists allows him to "see Russia through their eyes."

A new generation of Russians is also discovering China. Pavel, 27, works at a major bank in Moscow while pursuing a graduate degree. He said, "I decided to go to China to see two unusual places unlike many other cities in the world—Hong Kong and Macao." Pavel was delighted by the contrasts of Chinese cities—from modern architecture to ancient streets and natural beauty. "It was interesting to visit places I'd seen in Jackie Chan and Bruce Lee movies when I was a child," he shared.

According to Pavel, it's now convenient to fly to China, and given the country's vast array of attractions, visa-free travel was an obvious choice for him. "I'll definitely consider visiting places I haven't yet seen—the ancient cities of Luoyang and Xi'an, Mount Huaguoshan from Sun Wukong's novel about the adventures of the Monkey King, and Xizang," he remarked.

"It's wonderful that residents of our countries can now travel freely and conveniently to visit each other!" Pavel concluded.

On December 1, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree allowing Chinese citizens to enter Russia visa-free for tourism and business trips of up to 30 days until September 14, 2026, based on the principle of reciprocity. China had previously introduced a trial visa-free regime with a maximum stay of 30 days for Russian citizens holding regular passports from September 15, 2025, to September 14, 2026. –0–

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December 18, 2025 Gratitude from the Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation for Climate and Water Resources R. Edelgeriev was sent to Natalya Romanovna Danilina for international cooperation

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December 18, 2025 "It is important that Russian representatives in the world's largest and most significant conservation organization, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), increase their presence." International cooperation

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Why is it so important for our country's representatives to participate in key international environmental events? What developments by Russian conservationists are generating the most interest abroad? Following our participation in the IUCN World Conservation Congress, Natalia Romanovna Danilina, President of the Nature Conservation Embassy Foundation and Director of the Zapovedniki Ecocenter, gave an interview.

Interview: Tatyana Margulyan

TM: Please tell us what is happening at the IUCN World Conservation Congress that is important for the conservation community?

ND: The IUCN World Conservation Congress is one of the largest global conservation events. It's held by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) every four years. This was my seventh I've attended.

The Congress typically lasts over a week and consists of two parts. The first is the Forum, where environmental governmental and non-profit organizations have the opportunity to showcase their achievements, learn from the conservation practices of countries around the world, and discuss strategic documents. The Forum lasts four days and is the most important event of the Congress. The second part is the Assembly, which is attended only by members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Proposals for conservation that are most relevant to the majority of countries are put to a vote. Congress recommendations are adopted at the Assembly by vote after a fairly complex and contentious debate. The election of the governing bodies—the President and members of the IUCN Council—also takes place. Our country is part of the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. The interests of the region are represented by three elected councilors; unfortunately, our country is not currently among them. During the Assembly, the heads of each of the seven IUCN commissions are elected.

TM: What do the IUCN Commissions do, and how can interaction with them be beneficial for Russian protected areas?

ND: An IUCN Commission is an association of experts from around the world in various fields. Such Commissions sometimes bring together thousands of people. The largest by number of experts is the Commission on Rare Species. Within this Commission, experts are organized into working groups: for example, on big cats, on turtles, and so on. This creates a global network of specialists in various fields, which is crucial for sharing experience.

Collaboration with the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) is traditional and important to us. The Commission has identified specific regions, including Northern Eurasia—part of the post-Soviet space that encompasses Russia, Belarus, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. The Commission has previously been very active in our country and region. We will strive to revive this activity.

I previously served as the regional vice-chair of the World Commission on Protected Areas for 15 years. My continuing friendships with many global leaders in the field of protected areas continue to be helpful today. I am delighted that my colleagues are always responsive, willing to serve as experts, share their knowledge, and even participate in our projects.

Thanks to the Commission, we can learn from global experience and share our expertise with the professional community. For example, the Zapovedniki Ecocenter published a book on best Russian practices for training personnel for protected areas. This work generated great interest, and the book was distributed throughout the world; it is still available in the IUCN library. We have also translated several books from the IUCN series "Best Practices in Protected Area Management" into Russian, and they are available on our website.

I would also like to highlight the Commissions on Ecosystem Conservation, Environmental Legislation, and Climate as important for protected area experts. And the Commission on Environmental Education and Communications, which is very important for the Zapovedniki Ecocenter and includes our staff, is very important. The Commission's experts have great respect and interest in our educational experience, so at the Congress we worked in partnership and were able to present Russian experience over four days in the Educational Hub pavilion, where we held nine events.

I believe that our work with IUCN Commissions in our country needs to be strengthened to absorb global experience and showcase our strengths. Russian experts should be more actively involved in the work of IUCN Commissions. The number of Russian members of such a major and significant conservation organization as IUCN should also increase. This will allow us to influence decisions on strategic areas of the global conservation agenda and the election of governing bodies. All the most important documents on nature conservation are adopted at IUCN Congresses and subsequently form the basis for the work of the United Nations in this area, shaping the work of UNESCO, UNDP, and UNEP. These documents become recommendations for all UN member states.

TM: Did you notice any interest in Russian experience and practices following the Congress?

ND: Our events at the pavilion proved very attractive to Congress participants. At our request, many of those who attended marked their country with a circle on the globe. Thus, we counted over 80 countries, although we weren't able to cover all visitors with this "mini-survey." All continents were represented: South and North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia.

An important part of our participation in the Congress was presenting our experience and the importance of business relationships with protected areas and the role of non-profit organizations in implementing partnership projects to conserve biodiversity. This triple alliance produces significant results. We believe it's important to help businesses implement conservation projects in terms of their environmental responsibility while simultaneously fulfilling our organization's mission—to support protected areas and develop Russian nature conservation.

We held a special meeting on this topic with representatives from SIBUR and Rosatom, and also presented our joint projects with Norilsk Nickel, JTI, and MTS. SIBUR is a long-standing, reliable partner with whom we collaborate on a number of effective projects. Our partnership with Rosatom is just beginning, and we discussed the details of our collaboration at a joint press conference we organized at the Congress media center. The company has extensive experience and valuable expertise in environmental conservation, and we hope that our partnership will strengthen this area.

We were given space around the Educational Pavilion to showcase environmental education games, of which we've already developed a whole portfolio: on tiger conservation, marine mammal conservation, protected areas, and more. We saw how interested specialists from around the world were in our experience in environmental education and were convinced that we operate at a very high level, in line with global trends. This was confirmed by global leaders in environmental education.

The forum concluded with an evening "protected islands" reception, also held in the pavilion of the Commission on Environmental Education and Communications. It was a vibrant, warm, and informal event, attended by over a hundred like-minded environmental educators and protected area workers. We thanked everyone who actively participated in our work—our team and the partners with whom we collaborated at this Congress. Colleagues from the new "Nature for All" and "Nature-Based Education" programs—important programs for engaging youth in environmental conservation and educational programs—joined us in celebrating the completion of the Congress's extensive work. Our educational programs and the Friends of Protected Islands Movement align with the work of the Education Commission, and we agreed to collaborate and replicate each other's experiences.

Our participation in the Congress in Abu Dhabi demonstrated enormous interest in the Russian Federation and its experience in developing protected areas and preserving biodiversity. I am proud of the coordinated, creative, and astonishingly efficient work of our team. We were able to effectively and vividly present some of Russia's rich experience. It's no coincidence that after our events, we heard, "It was a sensation, it was fantastic, it was incredibly interesting," from people from various countries – from China to Canada, from America to Australia, from South Africa to Botswana, and even our close neighbors – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. This truly was a truly worthy and beautiful endeavor. Our international program is gaining significant momentum and is beginning to make a name for itself internationally. Its participants are eager to continue working, generating new approaches and creative work in environmental education, and helping develop protected areas.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.