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September 24, 2025 UN

The top news of the day at the UN and around the world: a Security Council meeting on AI in the context of international peace and security, climate and development financing in the spotlight of world leaders at the UN, and the transformation of global shipping.

AI in the UN Security Council

Artificial intelligence is transforming everyday life, the information space, the global economy, and impacting international security at breathtaking speed. These were the words of the Secretary-General at the high-level open debate of the UN Security Council. Antonio GuterresWhen used responsibly, he noted, AI can help prevent conflicts and protect populations. However, it can also be used as a weapon. One of the main goals of the debate is to stimulate discussion on mitigating the risks associated with AI and maximizing its benefits in the context of international peace and security.

Climate summit

As part of the High-Level Week at UN Headquarters in New York the Climate Summit is taking place, convened by Secretary-General António Guterres. The Secretary-General outlined five key areas for action: clean energy, methane emissions reduction, forest protection, emissions from heavy industry, and climate justice, i.e., support for developing countries. Today's summit aims to accelerate preparations for the UN Climate Change Conference (COP30), which will take place in November in Brazil. Specifically, countries must submit data on their new climate plans before COP30.

Sustainable economy

A new exhibition has also opened at the UN headquarters in New York. Summit on a Sustainable, Inclusive and Resilient Global EconomyHeads of state, heads of international financial institutions, and representatives of regional unions attended the meeting. Their shared goal is to understand how to close the colossal gap in financing the Sustainable Development Goals, which currently exceeds $4 trillion annually. For many participants, including representatives of small island states, it is important to emphasize that global solutions must take into account the interests of those who are most often on the front lines of global crises.

Maritime trade

Global shipping, which accounts for over 80 percent of global merchandise trade, is entering a period of weak and fragile growth, rising costs, and increasing uncertainty. in the new edition of the annual report The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)'s "Review of Maritime Transport" report notes that political disagreements, the introduction of new tariffs, and changing trade patterns and routes are shaping a new landscape of maritime trade. Shipping is also undergoing internal transformations driven by digitalization and changes in the workforce.

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September 24, 2025 Climate and environment

Floods and record-breaking heatwaves in Europe have clearly demonstrated what scientists have been warning about for years: the climate crisis is growing faster than the measures needed to curb it. Against this backdrop, a climate summit convened by Secretary-General António Guterres is taking place at UN headquarters in New York on Wednesday, September 24.

A special event dedicated to High-Level Week The 80th session of the General Assembly will be a launching pad on the way to the 30th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP-30), which will take place in November in Belém, Brazil.

Ahead of COP30, all parties to the Paris Agreement must submit their new climate plans, or Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The climate summit aims to accelerate this process.

"Economics and science demand action"

In his opening remarks, Guterres reiterated that limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius by the end of the century is still possible. "Science demands climate action. So does economics," the UN chief emphasized.

According to him, transition to clean energy already delivers jobs, growth and sustainable development, provides access to clean and affordable electricity, strengthens energy security and reduces economies' dependence on volatile fossil fuel markets.

"Despite massive market-distorting fossil fuel subsidies, last year investment in clean energy was twice as high as in fossil fuels. The conclusion is clear: clean energy is competitive, and climate action is imperative," he said.

Preparing for KS-30

The Secretary-General recalled that the Paris Agreement has already achieved results: while ten years ago, warming was projected to be four degrees Celsius, current estimates point to 2.6 degrees Celsius—assuming full implementation of current national plans. However, this is not enough.

“We now need new plans for 2035 that go much further and much faster: delivering deep emissions reductions in line with the 1.5 degree Celsius target, covering all sectors and accelerating a just energy transition worldwide,” he said.

The Secretary-General outlined five key areas: clean energy, reducing methane emissions, protecting forests, reducing emissions from heavy industry, and climate justice, that is, supporting developing countries, which are least to blame for the crisis but are suffering the most.

High Stakes

The High-Level Week also includes discussions on solutions to combat climate change, bringing together national leaders, local authorities, businesses, and civil society. The discussions focus on five areas: reducing emissions and accelerating the transition to renewable energy; strengthening adaptation to natural disasters; financing for developing countries; increasing transparency and countering disinformation; and other interrelated issues, from food systems to a just transition. The findings of the discussions will be reflected in the outcome document.

According to the UN chief, today's summit is not a replacement for COP30, but its results will be decisive for the success of the meeting in Belém.

Experts and activists are monitoring three key signals during High-Level Week: whether the world's largest emitters will present plans with real commitments; whether climate finance will be expanded beyond symbolic pledges; and whether world leaders will acknowledge that expanding coal, oil, and gas production is incompatible with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

“Science demands action. The law obliges them to"The economy is forcing them. People are calling for them," the Secretary-General concluded.

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September 24, 2025 Healthcare

On September 25, the Fourth High-Level Meeting on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and Mental Health will be held at UN Headquarters in New York. For the first time, the topic of mental health is not only being discussed in preparation for the event, but is also included in the meeting's title. A political declaration is expected to be adopted, guiding government efforts in the coming years.

Noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, as well as mental disorders, remain the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. They are closely interrelated: for many people, physical and mental health conditions overlap and require a comprehensive approach.

The spread of NCDs is primarily due to five main risk factors: tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and air pollution, as well as limited access to diagnosis, treatment and care services.

The scale of the problem

According to the WHO, more than a billion people worldwide live with some form of mental disorder. "For the first time, we can report that more than one billion people suffer from mental health problems," Devora Kestel, Director of the WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, said in an interview with the UN News Service. "The key question is: how many of them actually receive care, treatment, and support that alleviates suffering and enables them to cope with life's challenges?"

Read also:

Estonia: Effective Combating Non-Communicable Diseases – Lessons for Other Countries

Access to services, she says, is extremely limited: "Only 9 percent of people with depression, the most common disorder, receive treatment. And only 40 percent of people with psychosis have access to support. This means countries must do much more to provide people with the help they need."

Barriers to assistance

Stigma remains one of the main obstacles. "When someone realizes they need help, the first barrier is admitting they have a problem and deciding to seek support. Stigma exists both in society and within individuals," explains Kestel.

Even where services exist, they are often inaccessible due to cost, distance, or lack of integration with other types of care. "We need community-based services: integrating mental health into primary care, programs in schools and workplaces, and specialized centers within walking distance," says the WHO representative.

The objectives set out in the text of the Declaration

The new political declaration targets not only general measures against non-communicable diseases, but also specific challenges in the field of mental health.

“Countries agreed to highlight specific themes: mental health of children and young people, suicide prevention, and the development of community-based services instead of the outdated model of large institutions,” notes Kestel.

The document aims to stimulate the exchange of experience and expand funding. "We want every community to know: if one country can build a system of aid, then it's possible. We can learn from each other, adapt best practices, and find funding mechanisms," the WHO representative emphasized.

Non-communicable diseases and mental health

According to Kestel, the risk factors largely overlap: "When we promote physical activity, healthy eating, and quitting tobacco and alcohol, it helps both prevent NCDs and improve mental health. Moreover, many people live with cancer or cardiovascular disease and depression or anxiety disorders simultaneously. A comprehensive approach is needed."

WHO to world leaders

The key issue is political will. "We've heard a lot of talk about the importance of mental health in recent years. Now we need concrete commitments. Leaders need to understand that mechanisms and solutions exist. Changes can be implemented with any resources—from promoting healthy lifestyles to ensuring personalized treatment approaches," notes Kestel.

What does the Declaration propose?

Some key areas that were recognised as a priority when preparing the text of the Declaration:

Primary health care: Basic health care, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment must be accessible to everyone. Medicines and medical technologies must be safe, effective, and of high quality. Sustained funding is essential, especially for low- and middle-income countries. Mental health and NCDs: It is necessary to recognize common risk factors and common needs for prevention and treatment, and give a voice to those living with these conditions. Collaboration across sectors: Health depends not only on medicine but also on nutrition, the environment, legislation, and the state of the economy. External factors must also be considered: air pollution, commercial activity (e.g., advertising of unhealthy foods and tobacco products), and social and economic conditions.

Draw attention to the problem

The upcoming high-level meeting at the UN is an opportunity to take the topic of mental health and noncommunicable diseases to the next level. The declaration won't be a "magic document," as Kestel puts it, but it can set the direction, unite countries, and demonstrate that accessible and equitable care is possible in every corner of the planet.

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September 24, 2025 Economic development

At the UN headquarters in New York, within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals, which today exceeds 4 trillion dollars a year.

Financial Gap and Development Challenges

The pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, and rising borrowing costs have all hit developing countries hard. Many are on the brink of debt crisis. Aid is slow in coming, and restructuring negotiations are dragging on. This is why the UN has begun to discuss the need reform the financial system and make it fairer.

Read also:

EXPLAINED | What is development finance?

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres He explained, "This summit is built on three key premises: first, cooperation—especially in the face of sharply declining aid and rising trade tensions. Second, coherence—the need to build bridges between the various forums where discussions on development financing are taking place. Third, inclusiveness—the distribution of economic power in the world is extremely uneven, and this should not determine participation."

From climate debt to new taxes

The Secretary-General paid special attention to climate finance and debt. “A consensus on debt action is needed – with the creation of new instruments to reduce the cost and risks of borrowing, including climate shocks, and more rapid support for countries experiencing liquidity shortages and debt crisis" Guterres emphasized. He added that the global community should also consider "solidarity levies" and more equitable international taxation.

Digital Commerce on the Rise

The discussion wasn't just about debt. World Trade Organization President Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala cited data on how the global economy is changing, noting that trade in digital services grew by 10 percent last year, reaching nearly $5 trillion.

According to the head of the WTO, trade between countries of the Global South continues to grow: it now accounts for about a quarter of global merchandise trade, compared to less than 10 percent 30 years ago. Furthermore, there are emerging signs that value chains are beginning to include new suppliers and regions. Over time, this could contribute to economic resilience and mitigate the current risks associated with overdependence.

Support for the poorest countries

International Monetary Fund Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva recalled that dozens of countries depend on IMF support programs. According to her, 50 countries benefit from IMF programs, more than half of which are poor and vulnerable countries.

"I am proud that we have strengthened our ability to lend to these countries by doubling our borrowing through the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust," she added.

Voices from all regions

The summit was attended by heads of state and government, as well as representatives of the African Union, the G20, G7, G77, and the Small Island and Least Developed States (SIDS) groups. Many participants emphasized that global solutions must take into account the interests of those most often on the front lines of global crises.

The results will be reflected in the final document. As Guterres recalled: "Meetings themselves are not the end in themselves – they are merely a means to deliver results to people who expect action now."

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September 24, 2025 Human rights

The adoption of a new law in Kyrgyzstan that abolishes the independent torture prevention body undermines efforts to prevent torture in the country, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said on Wednesday.

"The decision to abolish the independent torture prevention monitoring body and transfer its powers to the Ombudsman's office, which is not yet fully independent, is contrary to Kyrgyzstan's human rights obligations," Türk said.

On September 23, Kyrgyz authorities announced that President Sadyr Japarov had signed a law ordering the closure of the National Center for the Prevention of Torture (NCPT) and the transfer of its powers to the Ombudsman.

“The NCPT is a model for the entire Central Asian region, the only independent national human rights institution that meets international standards,” the High Commissioner said.

“During my visit to Kyrgyzstan in March of this year, I emphasized the importance of maintaining the independence of the National Committee for the Prevention of Torture and providing it with sufficient resources and the access necessary to effectively carry out its functions,” he added.

Türk called on the authorities to take urgent measures to ensure uninterrupted monitoring of torture prevention, to create a new structure within the Ombudsman's Office in accordance with Kyrgyzstan's treaty obligations, and to ensure its operational and financial independence.

“It is also crucial that civil society and independent experts are given a clear advisory role in this process and in future preventive monitoring,” Türk said.

The National Center for the Prevention of Torture was established in 2012, following Kyrgyzstan's accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture in 2008. The country's key obligation under the protocol is the creation of an independent torture prevention monitoring body tasked with conducting regular visits to all places of detention.

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September 24, 2025 UN

Speaking at the UN General Assembly, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian recalled that his country was the target of aggression in June of this year, in violation of international law. He stated that the strikes on civilian targets in the country occurred during diplomatic negotiations.

"Undermining peace and stability in the region"

"This undermines efforts to create stability and peace in the region," Pezeschkian said. The president added that failure to confront such violations could lead to their spreading globally.

He declared "genocide in Gaza" and "the destruction of Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity." He added that "the insane plan to build a Greater Israel is being publicized by the highest echelons of power within this regime."

"This plan involves the seizure of territory," Pezeshkian noted. He also condemned Israel's aggression against Qatar.

"Iran does not seek to acquire nuclear weapons."

The Iranian president also stated that Iran does not and never has sought to obtain nuclear weapons.

"We do not set ourselves the goal of acquiring nuclear weapons," he said.

Pezeshkian emphasized that Iran supports a peaceful settlement between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Speaking about Ukraine, he also stated his hope for an end to the war.

He called for assistance in restoring trust in international mechanisms and institutions and stated Iran's readiness to recreate a regional security system in cooperation with West Asian states.

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September 24, 2025 UN

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy addressed the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, calling on world leaders to take decisive action against "Russian aggression." In his speech, he emphasized that the current international security system has weakened and needs to be updated, and that the war must be stopped immediately.

"Only strong alliances, only strong partners, and only our weapons can enable us to achieve these goals. The 21st century is very different from the last. If a country strives for peace, it must build up its military potential," the Ukrainian leader stated.

Weakness of international institutions

Zelenskyy noted that international organizations are failing to fulfill their role as guarantors of peace. He cited conflicts in Sudan, Palestine, Somalia, and the situation in Syria as examples. He argued that the lack of effective solutions leads to continued bloodshed. "International institutions have become weak. And for this reason, this madness continues," the Ukrainian president emphasized.

He placed particular emphasis on the risk of a radiation disaster at the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, which is regularly subject to shelling. "Yesterday, the nuclear power plant lost power. It's the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, and we all live under the threat of an accident," Zelenskyy said.

Russia and the threat to its neighbors

In his speech, the president recalled recent violations of Polish and Estonian airspace by Russian drones and aircraft. He also emphasized that Moldova is under constant pressure from Moscow: "Europe cannot afford to lose Moldova. If we fail to prevent this, we will pay an even higher price."

According to Zelenskyy, ignoring Russia's aggressive actions in Georgia and Belarus has become a lesson that cannot be repeated. He called on the European Union to provide Chisinau with tangible assistance – financial and energy.

A new arms race

Zelenskyy specifically addressed the threats posed by technological advances. "We are experiencing the most destructive phase of the arms race, because it includes artificial intelligence, and there are currently no real security guarantees," he warned.

The president emphasized that drones have become a mass-produced and inexpensive weapon capable of destroying cities and strategic targets. Ukraine, he said, is forced to use drones to defend its borders and carry out successful strikes against Russian ships and bombers.

Call to action

Zelenskyy stated that stopping the war now is significantly cheaper than rebuilding the devastated economy and infrastructure later. "We must work together to force the aggressor to stop. And this must be done now," he emphasized.

Strength in partnership

The President reported on meetings with world leaders, including US President Donald Trump, and expressed gratitude for international support. "Much depends on the G7, the G20, but ultimately, it all depends on all of us, on the United Nations. Don't remain silent amid the war, condemn it, join us in defending life and international law," Zelenskyy said.

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September 24, 2025 UN

The UN spokesperson explained in detail the cause of the escalator incident at the UN headquarters on Tuesday, which left President Donald Trump and the First Lady of the United States stuck. According to Stéphane Dujarric, a technical investigation was conducted, which revealed that the escalator stopped after a safety mechanism was activated.

As a reminder, on Tuesday morning, the US President, accompanied by Melania Trump and members of the American delegation, arrived at the UN headquarters building, passed through the security checkpoint, and stepped onto the escalator.

"To capture their arrival, a videographer from the U.S. delegation entered the escalator ahead of the President and First Lady," the UN press secretary said in a statement. "When the videographer, traveling backwards on the escalator, reached the top, the First Lady, followed by President Trump, ascended the steps below."

At that moment, at 9:50 a.m., the escalator stopped.

"Our technician, who was on-site, restarted the escalator," Dujarric reported. "A subsequent investigation, including a readout of the machine's central processing unit, revealed that the escalator stopped after a built-in safety mechanism on the top step was activated. This safety mechanism is designed to prevent people or objects from accidentally becoming trapped or pulled into the mechanism. The camera operator may have inadvertently triggered the safety function described above."

Speaking at the General Assembly after the incident, President Trump said the following: "Here are two things I got from the United Nations: a bad escalator and a bad teleprompter. If the First Lady hadn't been in top shape, she would have fallen, but she's in top shape."

The American leader later wrote on his social network Truth Social that these two events made his speech at the 80th session of the General Assembly “more interesting.”

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September 23, 2025 UN

Speaking at the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, President of the Kyrgyz Republic Sadyr Japarov emphasized that the international community must abandon double standards and focus on joint action for peace, security, and sustainable development.

Unilateral sanctions

Japarov openly stated that Kyrgyzstan is suffering from the consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the accompanying unilateral sanctions. He claimed that restrictions against Kyrgyz banks are based on "false information" and are hindering the development of the country's fledgling economy. "We cannot sacrifice the interests of our citizens and the country's economic development," he emphasized, adding that Bishkek is ready to allow an independent audit of the financial sector.

The President also pointed out the contradictions in the approaches of Western countries: “You demand that we not cooperate with Russia, while you yourself are actively developing trade and economic ties with it.”

Palestine, Ukraine and Afghanistan

Touching on global crises, Japarov called for an end to the "genocide of Palestinians" in Gaza and supported the creation of two states – Israel and Palestine – based on the 1967 borders. He noted: "Why do we allow the mass deaths of ordinary people and innocent children?"

Japarov paid special attention to Afghanistan, stating that the country's frozen assets, amounting to over $9 billion, must be immediately returned. "If you truly want the Afghan people to escape poverty and hunger as quickly as possible, return them without delay," he emphasized.

UN reform, the region and the climate agenda

Touching on the topic of reform, Japarov stated that the UN Security Council must become more equitable and representative, emphasizing the right of African states to expanded participation. He also announced Kyrgyzstan's nomination for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council for 2027–2028, recalling that his country has never previously served on the Council.

The president placed particular emphasis on Central Asian cooperation. "I can confidently say that today the borders between Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan are borders of friendship, trade, and cooperation," he said.

A significant portion of his speech was devoted to climate change. The President recalled that Kyrgyzstan, as a mountainous country, is particularly vulnerable to the threat of melting glaciers and dwindling water resources. He called for the use of trillions of dollars in annual military spending "to improve people's lives and protect the environment."

"We all breathe the same air," Japarov said, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems "from the mountains to the ocean." He recalled plans to host the Bishkek 25 international summit in Bishkek in 2027, dedicated to the sustainable development of mountain regions.

Versatility

Concluding his speech, the President of Kyrgyzstan noted that the world needs joint action and a renewed multilateral system. "The future of our planet is our shared responsibility," he concluded.

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