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September 24, 2025 Economic development

At the UN headquarters in New York, within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals, which today exceeds 4 trillion dollars a year.

Financial Gap and Development Challenges

The pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, and rising borrowing costs have all hit developing countries hard. Many are on the brink of debt crisis. Aid is slow in coming, and restructuring negotiations are dragging on. This is why the UN has begun to discuss the need reform the financial system and make it fairer.

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EXPLAINED | What is development finance?

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres He explained, "This summit is built on three key premises: first, cooperation—especially in the face of sharply declining aid and rising trade tensions. Second, coherence—the need to build bridges between the various forums where discussions on development financing are taking place. Third, inclusiveness—the distribution of economic power in the world is extremely uneven, and this should not determine participation."

From climate debt to new taxes

The Secretary-General paid special attention to climate finance and debt. “A consensus on debt action is needed – with the creation of new instruments to reduce the cost and risks of borrowing, including climate shocks, and more rapid support for countries experiencing liquidity shortages and debt crisis" Guterres emphasized. He added that the global community should also consider "solidarity levies" and more equitable international taxation.

Digital Commerce on the Rise

The discussion wasn't just about debt. World Trade Organization President Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala cited data on how the global economy is changing, noting that trade in digital services grew by 10 percent last year, reaching nearly $5 trillion.

According to the head of the WTO, trade between countries of the Global South continues to grow: it now accounts for about a quarter of global merchandise trade, compared to less than 10 percent 30 years ago. Furthermore, there are emerging signs that value chains are beginning to include new suppliers and regions. Over time, this could contribute to economic resilience and mitigate the current risks associated with overdependence.

Support for the poorest countries

International Monetary Fund Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva recalled that dozens of countries depend on IMF support programs. According to her, 50 countries benefit from IMF programs, more than half of which are poor and vulnerable countries.

"I am proud that we have strengthened our ability to lend to these countries by doubling our borrowing through the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust," she added.

Voices from all regions

The summit was attended by heads of state and government, as well as representatives of the African Union, the G20, G7, G77, and the Small Island and Least Developed States (SIDS) groups. Many participants emphasized that global solutions must take into account the interests of those most often on the front lines of global crises.

The results will be reflected in the final document. As Guterres recalled: "Meetings themselves are not the end in themselves – they are merely a means to deliver results to people who expect action now."

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September 24, 2025 Human rights

The adoption of a new law in Kyrgyzstan that abolishes the independent torture prevention body undermines efforts to prevent torture in the country, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said on Wednesday.

"The decision to abolish the independent torture prevention monitoring body and transfer its powers to the Ombudsman's office, which is not yet fully independent, is contrary to Kyrgyzstan's human rights obligations," Türk said.

On September 23, Kyrgyz authorities announced that President Sadyr Japarov had signed a law ordering the closure of the National Center for the Prevention of Torture (NCPT) and the transfer of its powers to the Ombudsman.

“The NCPT is a model for the entire Central Asian region, the only independent national human rights institution that meets international standards,” the High Commissioner said.

“During my visit to Kyrgyzstan in March of this year, I emphasized the importance of maintaining the independence of the National Committee for the Prevention of Torture and providing it with sufficient resources and the access necessary to effectively carry out its functions,” he added.

Türk called on the authorities to take urgent measures to ensure uninterrupted monitoring of torture prevention, to create a new structure within the Ombudsman's Office in accordance with Kyrgyzstan's treaty obligations, and to ensure its operational and financial independence.

“It is also crucial that civil society and independent experts are given a clear advisory role in this process and in future preventive monitoring,” Türk said.

The National Center for the Prevention of Torture was established in 2012, following Kyrgyzstan's accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture in 2008. The country's key obligation under the protocol is the creation of an independent torture prevention monitoring body tasked with conducting regular visits to all places of detention.

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September 24, 2025 UN

Speaking at the UN General Assembly, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian recalled that his country was the target of aggression in June of this year, in violation of international law. He stated that the strikes on civilian targets in the country occurred during diplomatic negotiations.

"Undermining peace and stability in the region"

"This undermines efforts to create stability and peace in the region," Pezeschkian said. The president added that failure to confront such violations could lead to their spreading globally.

He declared "genocide in Gaza" and "the destruction of Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity." He added that "the insane plan to build a Greater Israel is being publicized by the highest echelons of power within this regime."

"This plan involves the seizure of territory," Pezeshkian noted. He also condemned Israel's aggression against Qatar.

"Iran does not seek to acquire nuclear weapons."

The Iranian president also stated that Iran does not and never has sought to obtain nuclear weapons.

"We do not set ourselves the goal of acquiring nuclear weapons," he said.

Pezeshkian emphasized that Iran supports a peaceful settlement between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Speaking about Ukraine, he also stated his hope for an end to the war.

He called for assistance in restoring trust in international mechanisms and institutions and stated Iran's readiness to recreate a regional security system in cooperation with West Asian states.

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September 24, 2025 UN

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy addressed the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, calling on world leaders to take decisive action against "Russian aggression." In his speech, he emphasized that the current international security system has weakened and needs to be updated, and that the war must be stopped immediately.

"Only strong alliances, only strong partners, and only our weapons can enable us to achieve these goals. The 21st century is very different from the last. If a country strives for peace, it must build up its military potential," the Ukrainian leader stated.

Weakness of international institutions

Zelenskyy noted that international organizations are failing to fulfill their role as guarantors of peace. He cited conflicts in Sudan, Palestine, Somalia, and the situation in Syria as examples. He argued that the lack of effective solutions leads to continued bloodshed. "International institutions have become weak. And for this reason, this madness continues," the Ukrainian president emphasized.

He placed particular emphasis on the risk of a radiation disaster at the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, which is regularly subject to shelling. "Yesterday, the nuclear power plant lost power. It's the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, and we all live under the threat of an accident," Zelenskyy said.

Russia and the threat to its neighbors

In his speech, the president recalled recent violations of Polish and Estonian airspace by Russian drones and aircraft. He also emphasized that Moldova is under constant pressure from Moscow: "Europe cannot afford to lose Moldova. If we fail to prevent this, we will pay an even higher price."

According to Zelenskyy, ignoring Russia's aggressive actions in Georgia and Belarus has become a lesson that cannot be repeated. He called on the European Union to provide Chisinau with tangible assistance – financial and energy.

A new arms race

Zelenskyy specifically addressed the threats posed by technological advances. "We are experiencing the most destructive phase of the arms race, because it includes artificial intelligence, and there are currently no real security guarantees," he warned.

The president emphasized that drones have become a mass-produced and inexpensive weapon capable of destroying cities and strategic targets. Ukraine, he said, is forced to use drones to defend its borders and carry out successful strikes against Russian ships and bombers.

Call to action

Zelenskyy stated that stopping the war now is significantly cheaper than rebuilding the devastated economy and infrastructure later. "We must work together to force the aggressor to stop. And this must be done now," he emphasized.

Strength in partnership

The President reported on meetings with world leaders, including US President Donald Trump, and expressed gratitude for international support. "Much depends on the G7, the G20, but ultimately, it all depends on all of us, on the United Nations. Don't remain silent amid the war, condemn it, join us in defending life and international law," Zelenskyy said.

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September 24, 2025 UN

The UN spokesperson explained in detail the cause of the escalator incident at the UN headquarters on Tuesday, which left President Donald Trump and the First Lady of the United States stuck. According to Stéphane Dujarric, a technical investigation was conducted, which revealed that the escalator stopped after a safety mechanism was activated.

As a reminder, on Tuesday morning, the US President, accompanied by Melania Trump and members of the American delegation, arrived at the UN headquarters building, passed through the security checkpoint, and stepped onto the escalator.

"To capture their arrival, a videographer from the U.S. delegation entered the escalator ahead of the President and First Lady," the UN press secretary said in a statement. "When the videographer, traveling backwards on the escalator, reached the top, the First Lady, followed by President Trump, ascended the steps below."

At that moment, at 9:50 a.m., the escalator stopped.

"Our technician, who was on-site, restarted the escalator," Dujarric reported. "A subsequent investigation, including a readout of the machine's central processing unit, revealed that the escalator stopped after a built-in safety mechanism on the top step was activated. This safety mechanism is designed to prevent people or objects from accidentally becoming trapped or pulled into the mechanism. The camera operator may have inadvertently triggered the safety function described above."

Speaking at the General Assembly after the incident, President Trump said the following: "Here are two things I got from the United Nations: a bad escalator and a bad teleprompter. If the First Lady hadn't been in top shape, she would have fallen, but she's in top shape."

The American leader later wrote on his social network Truth Social that these two events made his speech at the 80th session of the General Assembly “more interesting.”

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September 23, 2025 UN

Speaking at the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, President of the Kyrgyz Republic Sadyr Japarov emphasized that the international community must abandon double standards and focus on joint action for peace, security, and sustainable development.

Unilateral sanctions

Japarov openly stated that Kyrgyzstan is suffering from the consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the accompanying unilateral sanctions. He claimed that restrictions against Kyrgyz banks are based on "false information" and are hindering the development of the country's fledgling economy. "We cannot sacrifice the interests of our citizens and the country's economic development," he emphasized, adding that Bishkek is ready to allow an independent audit of the financial sector.

The President also pointed out the contradictions in the approaches of Western countries: “You demand that we not cooperate with Russia, while you yourself are actively developing trade and economic ties with it.”

Palestine, Ukraine and Afghanistan

Touching on global crises, Japarov called for an end to the "genocide of Palestinians" in Gaza and supported the creation of two states – Israel and Palestine – based on the 1967 borders. He noted: "Why do we allow the mass deaths of ordinary people and innocent children?"

Japarov paid special attention to Afghanistan, stating that the country's frozen assets, amounting to over $9 billion, must be immediately returned. "If you truly want the Afghan people to escape poverty and hunger as quickly as possible, return them without delay," he emphasized.

UN reform, the region and the climate agenda

Touching on the topic of reform, Japarov stated that the UN Security Council must become more equitable and representative, emphasizing the right of African states to expanded participation. He also announced Kyrgyzstan's nomination for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council for 2027–2028, recalling that his country has never previously served on the Council.

The president placed particular emphasis on Central Asian cooperation. "I can confidently say that today the borders between Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan are borders of friendship, trade, and cooperation," he said.

A significant portion of his speech was devoted to climate change. The President recalled that Kyrgyzstan, as a mountainous country, is particularly vulnerable to the threat of melting glaciers and dwindling water resources. He called for the use of trillions of dollars in annual military spending "to improve people's lives and protect the environment."

"We all breathe the same air," Japarov said, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems "from the mountains to the ocean." He recalled plans to host the Bishkek 25 international summit in Bishkek in 2027, dedicated to the sustainable development of mountain regions.

Versatility

Concluding his speech, the President of Kyrgyzstan noted that the world needs joint action and a renewed multilateral system. "The future of our planet is our shared responsibility," he concluded.

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September 23, 2025 UN

Speaking during the general debate of the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, Tajik President Emomali Rahmon called for united efforts to strengthen international peace and sustainable development. He noted that the world today faces unprecedented challenges – from geopolitical crises to climate change and growing social inequality.

"Our countries need to make joint and consistent efforts to maintain peace and return to full compliance with international law," Rahmon emphasized.

Support for vulnerable countries and reform of financial mechanisms

The President specifically addressed the challenges facing developing countries, particularly mountainous and landlocked ones. He stated that current financing mechanisms do not meet the needs of such countries. "Today is the time to consider debt forgiveness for the most vulnerable states," he stated, emphasizing the need for equitable reforms of the international financial system.

Climate challenges and glacier protection

Rahmon devoted considerable attention to the topic of climate change. He noted that 93 percent of Tajikistan's territory is mountainous, and more than 1,300 glaciers have already completely melted. "Tajikistan's glaciers and other water sources account for up to 60 percent of Central Asia's water resources. We must not remain indifferent to the fate of humanity's source of life—water," the president said.

We must not remain indifferent to the fate of the source of human life – water.

He reported on the international conference on glacier conservation held in Dushanbe and invited partners to participate in the next major event within the Dushanbe Water Process, which will take place in 2026.

Legal education and new technologies

The leader of Tajikistan proposed considering the possibility of declaring an International Year of Legal Education, emphasizing the importance of strengthening a global culture of justice.

Rahmon also discussed the role of digital technologies and artificial intelligence. He recalled that in July, the General Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution proposed by Tajikistan on the use of AI for sustainable development in Central Asia. "We believe it would be appropriate to establish a regional artificial intelligence center in Dushanbe," he noted.

Fighting terrorism and cybercrime

The President also called for intensified cooperation in global security, emphasizing the threats posed by terrorism, extremism, and cybercrime. He stated that Tajikistan intends to further strengthen cooperation within the Dushanbe Process on counterterrorism.

Emomali Rahmon also stated that all disputes and conflicts must be resolved exclusively through political and diplomatic means, and that the international community is obligated to redouble its efforts to achieve a lasting and just peace.

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September 23, 2025 UN

Speaking during the general debate of the 80th session of the UN General Assembly, Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedov stated that the current international situation requires "a decisive shift toward coordinated cooperation between states and international organizations in the name of maintaining peace and security." He emphasized that the country's neutral status remains the foundation of its foreign policy and an important tool for strengthening global stability.

Peace and trust as strategic guidelines

Turkmenistan initiated the inclusion of a separate agenda item entitled "Neutrality for Peace and Security." According to Berdimuhamedov, neutrality has proven its effectiveness as a practical mechanism in the UN peacekeeping strategy.

The head of Turkmenistan recalled that this year has been declared the International Year of Peace and Trust at the initiative of Ashgabat. In December, Turkmenistan will host a major high-level forum dedicated to this event. Furthermore, the president proposed holding a World Summit on Culture, Peace, and Trust and developing a global code of international trust as a universal basis for interstate relations.

Central Asia and the Role of Cultural Dialogue

The Turkmen leader paid special attention to the Central Asian region, which "for centuries has served as a civilizational bridge between East and West." He proposed holding an international forum, "Space of Peaceful Coexistence," in cooperation with the UN, with the participation of countries in the region, other states, and international institutions.

Another initiative was the proposal to proclaim an International Mediation Day to highlight the role of diplomacy and neutral platforms in conflict resolution.

Sustainable Development, Transport and Energy

Berdimuhamedov emphasized Turkmenistan's commitment to implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and proposed declaring the decade 2026–2035 the UN Decade of Sustainable Transport. "This step will consolidate the global community's efforts to develop transport corridors and ensure their accessibility for all countries," he noted.

The country will also introduce a draft resolution on the key role of stable energy connectivity for sustainable development and will launch an initiative to create a Global Platform for Digital Inclusion.

Ecology and climate

The President of Turkmenistan announced his intention to establish a regional center to combat desertification for Central Asian countries. Other initiatives include holding the Caspian Environmental Forum in 2026 and developing the Caspian Environmental Initiative, previously proposed by Ashgabat. Furthermore, Turkmenistan proposed declaring an International Day of Multilingual Diplomacy, emphasizing the role of cultural interaction.

Cooperation with the UN

Berdimuhamedov stated that cooperation with the UN is a strategic priority for Turkmenistan. He emphasized that the Organization remains "the only universal structure with global legitimacy." The President proposed declaring 2028 the Year of International Law to strengthen the legal foundations of international peace and cooperation.

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September 23, 2025 Peace and security

At a UN Security Council meeting on the situation in Ukraine, UN Secretary-General António Guterres warned of the widespread humanitarian consequences of the ongoing conflict and reiterated his call for an immediate end to hostilities and a return to diplomacy.

High-level meeting

A high-level meeting on Ukraine was held on Tuesday at the Security Council at the initiative of the five European members of the Council – France, Denmark, Greece, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom. The meeting is chaired by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea.

A number of Council members and other meeting participants are represented by heads of state or foreign ministers, including Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

The suffering of civilians in Ukraine and Russia

"For more than three years, Ukrainian civilians have been subjected to relentless shelling in their homes, schools, hospitals, and shelters. Attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure are prohibited by international law. They must stop immediately," Guterres said.

According to him, the number of missile and drone attacks on Ukrainian cities has reached a record high, resulting in the highest civilian casualties since the war began. "More than 14,000 Ukrainian civilians, including hundreds of children, have been killed. Another 36,000 have been wounded. And these are only the confirmed figures," the UN chief emphasized.

The Secretary-General noted that the war is not limited to Ukraine: civilians inside the Russian Federation are also falling victim to shelling. He also expressed particular concern about attacks on energy infrastructure, which threaten to leave millions without power and heat as we enter our fourth winter of war.

Nuclear safety

Guterres specifically addressed the threat to nuclear security, emphasizing the need to protect the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant and other facilities. "All parties must comply with their obligations under international law and ensure their safety," he warned.

UN support

The Secretary-General noted that the UN continues to provide vital humanitarian assistance, but additional resources are needed. He called on donors to increase funding for the humanitarian response plan and ensure safe and unimpeded access to the most vulnerable.

In his speech, the UN chief recalled that this year the international community marks the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. "Recent incidents affecting neighboring countries remind us of the real danger of conflict escalation and the threat to European security," he emphasized.

Searching for diplomatic solutions

Guterres praised the efforts of states to find diplomatic solutions. In particular, he welcomed the political will demonstrated by the United States and other countries, as well as the direct talks between Ukrainian and Russian delegations in Istanbul, which led to the return of hundreds of prisoners of war and opened channels for resolving humanitarian issues, including the fate of deported Ukrainian children.

However, he said, "progress toward a much-needed ceasefire and a sustainable peace settlement remains painfully slow." Each new day of fighting, he noted, reduces the chances of diplomatic success and increases the risk of escalation.

The Secretary-General recalled that all UN Member States have a responsibility to resolve international disputes through peaceful means. "I reiterate my call for a complete, universal, and sustainable ceasefire. A ceasefire that will pave the way for a just, comprehensive, and lasting peace—a peace in accordance with the UN Charter, international law, and the resolutions of the Organization," Guterres concluded his speech.

He said the UN stands ready to support any meaningful effort to end the war and build a future based on dignity, security, and peace for all.

Ukrainian President: Russia only wants war

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stated at a Security Council meeting that the UN does not have the same influence as before and is often unable to find solutions to fundamental issues.

According to Zelenskyy, the Russian Federation, a permanent member of the UN Security Council, is doing everything possible to prolong the largest war in Europe since World War II. Moscow, he said, is only pretending to seek diplomatic solutions.

Zelenskyy stated that Russian President Vladimir Putin is "afraid to face Ukraine and the world and openly admit that he only wants war." Instead, Putin, according to the Ukrainian president, is sending delegates to the negotiations who are "unable and unwilling to stop the bloodshed."

"Every day, Russia kills our people, destroys our cities, and shows no sign that it will ever return to the principles of the UN Charter," he said.

Zelensky also said that China could persuade Moscow to end the war, adding that Russia was "completely dependent" on China.

He said that he met with US President Donald Trump today on the sidelines of the General Assembly and discussed with him several ideas for ending the war.

Zelenskyy declared the need to provide Ukraine with "real security guarantees." The president also called on Security Council members to issue a "united call for peace."

"Be a force that acts. Act together. Please, finally unite to stop Russia's war," Zelensky said.

US Secretary of State: The conflict cannot end militarily

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio emphasized in his speech that the conflict cannot end militarily: the longer it continues, the more people will die.

According to him, “generous” offers were made, including those concerning “a ceasefire on the current lines of contact.”

"We have entered a stage of potential escalation with the highest number of strikes we have seen in the last few nights," he said, noting that "we are now seeing incursions into neighboring airspace by drones and aircraft."

Rubio added that while US President Donald Trump is a "very patient" man, "his patience is not unlimited."

The Secretary of State noted that Trump has options to impose additional economic costs on Russia if necessary—to end the war. He also has the option of selling defensive—and potentially offensive—weapons to Ukraine to defend itself, Rubio said.

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