Translation. Region: Russian Federation –
Source: United Nations – United Nations –
An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.
February 25, 2026 Healthcare
The illegal waste trade generates up to $18 billion in profits annually, according to experts from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). They analyzed illegal waste flows worldwide. A report published Wednesday by the UNODC states that illegal waste trafficking leads to environmental pollution and harms human health.
The report examines five main waste categories: electrical and electronic waste (e-waste), plastic waste, end-of-life vehicles and engines, metal and metal-containing waste, and mixed waste.
The report also analyzes the operating methods of criminal groups and corporations involved in illegal waste trafficking. The study's authors conclude that such activities are poorly regulated. Gaps in legislation and limited law enforcement capabilities allow criminals to reap large profits while remaining unpunished.
"Our research shows that illegal waste trafficking remains extremely difficult to detect, investigate and prosecute," says UNP spokesperson Candice Welsh.
She emphasizes that such activities lead to pollution of the environment, including drinking water and soil, with dangerous toxins.
Global problem
Criminal groups are involved in waste crimes worldwide, ranging from localized illegal activities to large-scale intercontinental trafficking. Corporate involvement in illegal waste trafficking is also common: some companies fail to comply with regulations, others knowingly pay for illegal services, and still others conduct illegal activities alongside legitimate ones.
Analysis shows that both organized crime groups and corporations use corruption to conceal illegal waste in legitimate streams, evading audits through fraudulent schemes. These include document forgery, extortion, theft, embezzlement of public funds, abuse of office, and money laundering.
Penalties for illegal waste disposal are often minimal, but the profits can be very high. Furthermore, the cost of illegally dumping toxic waste is significantly lower than the cost of legal waste disposal services. All this creates financial incentives for committing crimes in this area.
The lack of consistent sanctions across countries makes it easier for potential violators to “jurisdiction shop”—choosing countries with the weakest regulations and the least severe penalties.
The study notes that while illegal dumping, burning, transporting, and disposing of waste occurs worldwide, cross-border trafficking involves the movement of the least valuable and most difficult and expensive to dispose of waste from high-income to low-income regions. This waste includes, in particular, plastics and electronics, which may contain harmful chemicals.
Because waste is often sent to countries that have difficulty managing it in an environmentally sound manner, it has serious negative consequences for human health and the environment.
The Office emphasizes that streamlining information exchange in this area, as well as coordinating sanctions policies, will help better track illegal waste flows and bring violators to justice.
Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.