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October 4, 2025 Economic development

From October 4th to 10th, the world celebrates World Space Week—the largest annual event dedicated to scientific and technological advances in space exploration. This year, the week's theme is both a challenge and a dream: "Life in Space."

The idea of transforming space into a living environment no longer seems like science fiction. The week focuses on innovative technologies, international collaboration, and environmental solutions that bring humanity closer to life beyond Earth. Organizers around the world are preparing educational seminars, panel discussions, and interactive projects to inspire a new generation of engineers, scientists, and dreamers.

The origins and meaning of the Week

World Space Week was established by the UN General Assembly in 1999 (resolution 54/68) as a way to highlight the contribution of space technology to improving life on Earth. The dates were chosen for a reason: on October 4, 1957, the first artificial satellite was launched, and on October 10, 1967, the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space—a kind of "Magna Carta of Space"—came into force.

Today, space technologies are actively used in the work of more than 25 UN agencies and the World Bank Group. They help address sustainable development challenges, respond to humanitarian crises, and achieve the Millennium Development Goals.

The UN and Space: From Resolutions to Real Projects

Since the dawn of the space age, the UN has strived to harness the potential of outer space for the benefit of humanity. The first resolution on the peaceful uses of outer space was adopted in 1958. Today, the UN Office for Outer Space Affairs, part of the UN Vienna Office, is responsible for coordinating international efforts.

The Office maintains the Register of Objects Launched into Space and serves the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, the only UN body dedicated exclusively to this topic. The Committee includes two subcommittees: Scientific and Technical and Legal, ensuring a comprehensive approach to space exploration issues.

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October 3, 2025 Refugees and migrants

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) announced the launch of a new initiative in collaboration with its Goodwill Ambassador, world-renowned Kazakh singer Dimash Kudaibergen. During his upcoming world tour, the artist will draw attention to global humanitarian crises and the challenges faced by millions of migrants and internally displaced persons.

As IOM emphasized, collaboration with the singer will not only highlight the problems of people caught in crisis but also raise funds to support the agency's work.

"Dimash believes in the power of music to unite people, no matter where they come from," said IOM Director General Amy Pope. "His commitment as an IOM Goodwill Ambassador reflects our shared belief that migration is part of our shared human history. Everyone deserves the opportunity to contribute, be part of society, and build a better future for themselves and their communities."

Read also:

UN: The already dire situation of internally displaced persons has worsened

As part of the partnership, Kudaibergen will raise awareness of IOM's humanitarian programs aimed at saving lives, helping those affected by crises, and creating a safe environment for building a dignified future. At the tour's concerts, attendees will be able to scan a QR code that will lead to a dedicated IOM donation page. All funds raised will be used exclusively to support the organization's work.

The world tour kicks off on October 5th in New York City at Madison Square Garden and continues in Mexico City, Barcelona, London, and Berlin. The concerts are expected to attract thousands of fans from all over the world.

"Music reminds us of what unites us," noted Dimash Kudaibergen. "Together, we can champion the rights of vulnerable people around the world and inspire solidarity and support for those who need it most."

IOM hopes the artist's voice and international reach will help mobilize concrete action in support of the millions of people living in displacement and crisis.

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October 3, 2025 Peace and security

The UN Security Council discussed the progress of the peace process in Colombia. The newly appointed Special Representative of the Secretary-General to the country, Miroslav Jenča, emphasized that, with the support of the international community, Colombia will continue its progress toward peace and security.

He noted the Council's key role: "The Security Council's involvement has been fundamental to the peace process in Colombia. I look forward to working closely with the Council."

Jenča thanked the Colombian government for its cooperation with the UN Verification Mission in Colombia. The Secretary-General's report presented to the Council, the Special Representative recalled, acknowledges the country's efforts and the need for decisive steps to fully implement the peace agreement.

Jencha said he visited Colombia in September to gain an understanding of the situation. During his visit, he met with government officials, various political forces, and civil society representatives in Bogotá and locally.

The authorities acknowledged that the implementation of the agreement remains incomplete and requires decisive action by the state.

Former fighters of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the leaders of the political party formed from them (Comunes) reaffirmed their commitment to peace at meetings, while expressing concern about growing security threats. They declared their readiness for a peaceful return to society.

Jencha emphasized the importance of reintegrating more than 11,000 former FARC fighters. Despite the deaths of nearly 500 of them since the signing of the agreement, most remain committed to peace and are creating joint projects with local communities.

The Special Representative recalled: "Consolidating peace in Colombia after decades of conflict is a complex, ongoing process. And today, the country is entering a delicate period that poses additional challenges."

In conclusion, the Special Representative emphasized the importance of the UN mission: “As I was told repeatedly during my visit, the Mission’s presence builds trust.”

He expressed confidence that the Mission would be able to continue its key role in supporting peace while adapting to new challenges.

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October 3, 2025 Economic development

Global food prices fell slightly in September, according to new data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The main factor driving the decline was a drop in sugar and dairy prices.

The FAO Food Price Index, which tracks monthly changes in international prices of key food commodities, stood at 128.8 points in September, slightly below the August level of 129.7. Year-on-year, the index increased by 3.4 percent.

Grains: Stability amid record harvests

The grain price index fell 0.6 percent compared to August. Global wheat prices have fallen for the third consecutive month, amid weak demand and large harvests in leading producing countries.

Corn prices fell on forecasts of ample supplies and the temporary waiver of export duties in Argentina. Rice prices fell by 0.5 percent due to reduced purchases by the Philippines and African countries.

Vegetable oils and dairy products are getting cheaper

The vegetable oil price index fell by 0.7 percent, driven by falling palm and soybean oil prices. Malaysia has accumulated significant palm oil reserves, and Argentina has increased soybean exports. Meanwhile, sunflower and rapeseed oil prices increased slightly.

Dairy product prices fell by 2.6 percent. Butter prices fell particularly significantly, by seven percent, reflecting the end of the ice cream season in the Northern Hemisphere and favorable production forecasts in Australia and New Zealand. Powdered milk prices fell due to weak demand and increased competition in export markets. Cheese prices fell slightly.

Meat is getting more expensive

The meat price index rose 0.7 percent, reaching a record high – it's now 6.6 percent higher than a year ago. Beef, for which demand remains strong in the US, has risen particularly significantly. This is stimulating imports, supporting price growth. Lamb prices also increased, while pork and poultry prices remained stable.

Sugar: Lowest prices since March 2021

The sugar price index fell 4.1 percent, reaching its lowest level in four and a half years. This was driven by record production in Brazil, as well as favorable harvest forecasts in India and Thailand, thanks to abundant monsoon rains and expanded planting areas.

Forecasts for 2025: Growth in grain production and trade

In its report, the FAO presented updated forecasts for global cereal production in 2025. Total production is expected to reach 2,971 million tonnes, up 3.8 percent from last year and the largest annual increase since 2013. The increase will be driven by increased wheat harvests in Australia, maize in the United States, and rice in India.

Grain consumption in 2025/26 is projected at 2.93 billion tonnes, with sufficient reserves for both food and feed. Global grain reserves by the end of the 2026 season could reach 900.2 million tonnes, with rice reserves reaching record levels.

According to FAO estimates, international cereal trade will grow by 2.5 percent to reach 497.1 million tonnes. The main contributor will be an increase in wheat trade, while rice exports will decline due to lower demand in Asia and Africa amid good local harvests and large purchases made earlier in 2025.

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October 2, 2025 Peace and security

Over the past two days, massive attacks on major Ukrainian cities have caused significant damage to civilian infrastructure and disrupted power supplies amid the approaching cold snap, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported on Thursday.

According to Ukrainian authorities, at least 90 civilian deaths and injuries were recorded across the country from September 30 to October 2. A large-scale attack in Dnipro on September 30 injured more than 30 people, including a child, and damaged numerous residential buildings.

In the northern and northeastern regions – Chernihiv, Kyiv, and Sumy – the strikes left nearly 300,000 people without power. The Ukrainian Ministry of Energy also reported a temporary disruption to the power supply, which is critical for maintaining safe conditions at the deactivated Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.

In the Odesa region, the aftermath of the attacks was exacerbated by heavy rains, which caused widespread flooding. According to authorities, 10 people died, including a family with a child who had previously been forced to flee their home. The UN Humanitarian Coordinator in the country, Matthias Schmale, expressed his condolences to all those who lost loved ones and commended the prompt efforts of the Ukrainian Red Cross and local authorities.

To help those affected by the floods and strikes, more than a dozen Ukrainian and international non-governmental organizations, with the support of UN agencies, mobilized emergency assistance, providing medical, psychological, and legal support, as well as shelter materials.

OCHA reminds that in order to provide assistance to the most vulnerable people in Ukraine, the humanitarian community needs stable support from donors.

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October 2, 2025 Climate and environment

"We are deeply saddened to learn of the death of Dr. Jane Goodall, a United Nations Messenger of Peace," the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) said in a statement. "Her life's work dedicated to protecting nature, humanitarianism, and preserving the world around us left an indelible mark."

UNEP expressed condolences to her family, the Jane Goodall Institute and "all who draw hope and inspiration from her example."

The eminent primatologist, ecologist, and humanitarian Jane Goodall died on Wednesday, October 1. Her name has long been synonymous with scientific integrity, compassion, and the fight for conservation.

Goodall began her scientific career in 1960 in Tanzania, where she studied the behavior of wild chimpanzees in Gombe National Park. Her discoveries—the use of tools, complex social relationships, and the emotional lives of primates—redefined scientific understanding and brought humans closer to the animal world.

In 1977, she founded the Jane Goodall Institute, which has become a global hub for conservation. The organization implements dozens of projects in Africa aimed at sustainable development, protecting biodiversity, and supporting local communities.

One of Goodall's most inspiring endeavors was the Roots program.

In 2002, Jane Goodall was appointed a UN Messenger of Peace. For over two decades, she helped the Organization raise awareness of environmental issues, speaking at international forums, schools, and universities, inspiring millions of people around the world.

"Every one of us matters. Every one of us can change the world. Every one of us can do something good," said Jane Goodall.

Read also:

Jane Goodall: The main problem is the deification of material wealth

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October 2, 2025 UN

The main news of the day at the UN and around the world: a statement by the UN chief regarding the attack on a synagogue in the UK, a hearing on the right to strike at the International Court of Justice, assistance to earthquake victims in the Philippines, and increasing violence in Haiti.

UN chief condemns Manchester synagogue attack

The UN Secretary-General condemned the terrorist attack on a synagogue in Manchester, United Kingdom, today. The attack occurred on Yom Kippur, a holy day for Jews. According to media reports, on Thursday, an unidentified man drove a car into people outside the Heaton Park Synagogue and then attacked them with a knife. Two people were reportedly killed, and three others are in serious condition. The attacker, who was shot by police, was also killed. Guterres expressed solidarity with the Jewish community and called for those responsible to be brought to justice.

Hearings on the right to strike

On Monday, October 6, the International Court of Justice heard the Convention on Freedom of Association. States still disagree on whether the convention extends to the right to strike. Although the Court's advisory opinions are not binding, they have a significant impact on the development of international law and national practice.

Earthquake in the Philippines

Following a devastating 6.9-magnitude earthquake that struck northern Cebu Island in the Philippines on September 30, at least 72 people were killed and more than 20,000 were left homeless. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported that Philippine authorities declared a state of emergency in four municipalities. This has allowed emergency funds to be released and aid to be expedited. The International Organization for Migration (IOM), a UN agency, is on standby and can soon organize the delivery of hygiene kits and water filtration systems.

The situation in Haiti

"The human rights situation in Haiti has reached a critical point," UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said on Thursday. Since January 1, 2022, more than 16,000 people have been killed and nearly 7,000 injured in armed clashes. An estimated 270,000 to 500,000 firearms are circulating illegally in Haiti, with the majority of them in the hands of armed gangs. Rising violence by armed groups is limiting the delivery of humanitarian aid. Meanwhile, half of Haiti's population suffers from food insecurity.

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October 2, 2025 Humanitarian aid

As a result of the ongoing conflict, nearly 42,000 people in Gaza have suffered injuries that can lead to serious life-threatening consequences for years to come, according to a new report from the World Health Organization (WHO). According to the organization, one in four of those affected by such injuries is a child.

Since October 2023, the total number of injured has exceeded 167,000 people, a quarter of whom sustained injuries that require long-term treatment and will require support in their daily lives. More than 5,000 people have undergone amputations.

Severe injuries include more than 22,000 arm and leg wounds, over 2,000 spinal cord injuries, over 1,300 traumatic brain injuries, and over 3,300 cases of severe burns. All of these require specialized surgical and rehabilitative care and have a significant impact on the lives of patients and their families.

The WHO report also highlights the prevalence of complex facial and eye injuries, particularly among patients awaiting medical evacuation outside of Gaza. Such injuries often lead to disability and social stigma.

The healthcare system is on the brink of collapse.

The analysis is based on data from 22 WHO-supported emergency medical teams, as well as information from the Gaza Ministry of Health and partner organizations.

Today, only 14 of the 36 hospitals in the enclave are functioning, and none of them are fully operational. Less than a third of the rehabilitation services that existed before the war are operational, and many are on the verge of closure.

"Health and humanitarian workers, including WHO staff, are on the ground in extreme and dangerous conflict conditions, with minimal food, transport, and fuel. Some have paid the ultimate price," WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said today during a briefing on global health issues.

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Thousands of patients in Gaza, including malnourished children, need to be evacuated.

Before the escalation, approximately 1,300 physical therapists and 400 occupational therapists worked in the enclave, but many were forced to flee their homes. At least 42 specialists had died by September 2024. On Thursday alone, according to reports, another attack killed one rehabilitation therapist and wounded another. Two other medical workers were also injured.

Yet, in Gaza, there are only eight prosthetists who can make and fit artificial limbs, while the number of amputations runs into the thousands.

Psychological trauma

“Rehabilitation is needed not only for those recovering from injuries, but also for people with chronic illnesses and disabilities, whose needs are not included in this report,” said Richard Pieperkorn, WHO Representative in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.

He stressed that displacement, malnutrition, disease and lack of support make the rehabilitation needs in Gaza even greater than statistics indicate.

"Conflict-related trauma also takes a toll on mental health. People suffer injuries, losses, and are forced to struggle for survival, while psychosocial support remains extremely limited. Rehabilitation services must be complemented by the development of mental health programs," added Pieperkorn.

"The best medicine is peace"

Despite enormous challenges, WHO, emergency medical teams, and partner agencies continue to provide assistance on the ground. However, to expand access to rehabilitation and other services, it is essential to protect medical facilities, ensure unimpeded access to fuel and medicine, and lift restrictions on the import of essential medical supplies, including prosthetics and assistive devices.

The WHO reiterated that an immediate ceasefire is essential. According to the head of the organization, the best medicine is peace.

"Two years of conflict have brought nothing but death, destruction, disease, and despair. Peace is the bravest solution, so I call on all parties to this conflict to choose it now," Ghebreyesus said.

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