Category: Университетская жизнь /

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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Scientists from the Almazov National Medical Research Center and Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University have presented a unique hardware and software system capable of assessing the state of cerebral autoregulation—a key mechanism that protects the brain from blood pressure fluctuations—in real time. This development, which has no direct analogues anywhere in the world, will allow physicians in intensive care and neurosurgery departments to instantly obtain critical data on brain blood flow and promptly adjust treatment, potentially saving the lives of patients with strokes, traumatic brain injuries, and other severe pathologies. The results of the study are presented in an international scientific journal. Sensors.

Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is a mechanism that maintains stable blood flow in the cerebral vessels despite a decrease or increase in a person's blood pressure. This "autopilot" can malfunction, for example, after a stroke or severe traumatic brain injury. Current noninvasive methods for assessing CA require post-processing of data, which is time-consuming—two to three hours to collect, process, and analyze the information. Transforming therapeutic approaches requires obtaining data on the state of CA in real time, directly during the examination. This allows for the recording of CA indicators over time, which is especially valuable when conducting functional tests and monitoring patients' condition.

To address the problem of non-invasive, real-time assessment of the central nervous system, a team of scientists from the A. L. Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Research Institute, a branch of the V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, and Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University have developed a world-class hardware and software system (HSS) for the first time in Russia. The team includes programmers Professor Galina Malykhina and Associate Professor Vyacheslav Salnikov, mathematician and professor Valery Antonov, engineer Boris Govorov, and physicians Grigory Panuntsev, Anna Nikiforova, and Anastasia Vesnina. The research team is led by pathophysiologist, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, and laureate of the Russian Federation State Prize for Science and Technology, Professor Vladimir Semenyutin.

In intensive care settings, the use of a CAP for rapid assessment of the cerebral circulation in patients with severe brain injury significantly accelerates the decision-making process for physicians. This is crucial for timely adjustment of cerebral perfusion pressure, which is a priority in the effective treatment of cerebral edema, secondary ischemia, and recurrent hemorrhages, noted Professor Vladimir Semenyutin, Head of the Research Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Pathology at the Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Russian Ministry of Health.

The operating principle is based on monitoring very slow, spontaneous fluctuations in blood pressure and linear blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries. These are recorded using non-invasive methods—photoplethysmography and transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The key indicator is the phase shift (the difference in rhythm) between these two "pulses" in a specific low-frequency range, the so-called Mayer waves.

The scientists' key innovation is specialized mathematical algorithms that analyze these signals not afterward, but directly during the study. The system utilizes two powerful data processing methods: short-time Fourier transform and wavelet analysis (continuous wavelet transform). The latter method, according to the study, proved more sensitive and allows for better detection of the moments when autoregulation is activated or deactivated, providing higher resolution in time and frequency. All processing occurs so quickly that the results are displayed on the screen almost instantly.

The effectiveness and safety of the complex have been confirmed by clinical trials. In the first phase, it was tested on 40 healthy volunteers. They underwent standard functional tests—hypercapnia (inhalation of air with elevated CO2 levels) and hypocapnia (intensive breathing). These tests consistently alter cerebral vascular tone, which the complex recorded, demonstrating predictable changes in phase shift. The AAC was then tested on 60 patients with various neurovascular pathologies, including atherosclerotic carotid stenosis and cerebral arteriovenous malformations. These patients exhibited asymmetry in CA values between the cerebral hemispheres, and their responses to functional tests often deviated from the norm. For example, a patient with an arteriovenous malformation did not show a normal vascular response to carbon dioxide. All this proves that the complex is capable of not only recording the functioning of a healthy system, but also clearly identifying its disturbances in pathologies.

The developed hardware and software system has demonstrated high efficiency and informativeness. It can be used both for real-time diagnostics of the cerebral circulation in patients and for studying the mechanisms regulating cerebral blood flow in healthy individuals. The proposed algorithms minimize the risk of methodological errors and significantly reduce the time required to obtain information, which is especially important for making urgent decisions, noted Galina Malykhina, professor at the Higher School of Computer Technologies and Information Systems at the Institute of Computer Science and Cybersecurity at SPbPU.

The introduction of this system into clinical practice opens a new era in bedside monitoring of critically ill patients. Currently, dozens of parameters are monitored in real time in intensive care units, including blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and intracranial pressure. However, a key parameter—the adequacy of cerebral blood flow—remained unnoticed due to the difficulty of instantaneous assessment. The new APC integrates into this system, providing physicians with a pathogenetically based tool for personalized management of cerebral perfusion pressure. This means that therapy—for example, the selection of medications to increase or decrease blood pressure—can be based not on average standards, but on precise data on how a specific patient's blood vessels are protecting their brain at a given moment.

The scientists aren't resting on their laurels. The next step is integrating artificial intelligence into the system for in-depth data analysis. The goal is not only to diagnose the current condition but also to predict the risk of secondary vascular complications in neurosurgical patients. The use of artificial intelligence will not only allow for the early detection of functional abnormalities, when they are still treatable, but also for more accurate determination of indications for surgical treatment.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

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Students from three SPbPU higher education institutions, under the guidance of scientists and experts from the Scientific and Production Association "North-West Regional Center of the Almaz-Antey Air Defense Concern – Obukhov Plant," are working on a comprehensive solution for robotizing the manufacturing of microwave components.

The company commissioned a final qualifying work (FQW) of special status—"Project as a FQW"—on the topic: "Technological process for manufacturing rectangular microwave waveguides of complex shapes and automated (robotic) means for its implementation." The goal of the work was not only to provide a scientific justification but also to develop a concept for a robotic system designed to eliminate manual labor from high-precision production.

An interdisciplinary team of Polytechnic University undergraduate students, specifically formed in accordance with a competency model approved by the university expert committee, is working on solving the problem. Each participant contributes to the overall goal within their own professional field. Victoria Mamieva, a student at the Higher School of Physics and Technology of Materials (HSPM) (Materials Science and Technology, Computer Engineering in Materials Science major), is responsible for developing recommendations for the optimal selection of materials to improve signal transmission quality and analyzing the impact of defects on product performance. Nika Kolomiychenko, a student at the Higher School of Automation and Robotics (HSAR) (Mechatronics and Robotics major, Design and Construction of Mechatronic Modules and Robotic Mechanisms major), is responsible for analyzing existing automation solutions and developing recommendations for robotic process automation.

Pavel Medvedev, a student at the Higher School of Computer Technology and Information Systems (VShKTIIS) (major in Systems Analysis and Management, specializing in Theory and Mathematical Methods of Systems Analysis and Management in Technical, Economic, and Social Systems), is analyzing manufacturing processes and developing a mathematical model for system optimization.

The project is supervised by mentors from the university and the client company. The final work supervisors from SPbPU are: Director of the Higher School of Physics and Technology (HSFTM) Sergey Ganin, Associate Professor of the Higher School of Architecture and Radio Engineering (HSAIR) Mikhail Ananyevsky, and Associate Professor of the Higher School of Technology and Information Systems (HSKTIIS) Sergey Khlopin.

On behalf of the Almaz-Antey Concern, the project is supervised by Sergei Baushev, Head of the Scientific and Educational Center and Doctor of Military Sciences, as a consultant to the entire team.

For our company, it's crucial not only to obtain ready-made engineering solutions but also to develop a talent pool with the necessary competencies. This project is a model for advanced training. Polytechnic students are immersed in real-world technological challenges, working on a specific task of robotic automation in production. We, for our part, ensured the team's maximum immersion in the production environment by providing access to data and the expertise of our best engineers. I am confident that this symbiosis of science, education, and practice is the most effective path to creating breakthrough technologies and cultivating the country's engineering elite," emphasizes Sergey Valentinovich.

The project's uniqueness lies in the fact that, in addition to traditional scientific guidance, the company, at its initiative, appointed a technical consultant directly from the engineering department to deepen the practical component: Alexey Lapin, Deputy Head of the Engineering Solutions and CNC Equipment Department at JSC Obukhovsky Plant.

An industrial consultant plays an active role in project implementation. They provide the team with up-to-date data and company materials, ensuring they work with real, not hypothetical, technical requirements and conditions. They provide expert advice at all stages of design and development, and evaluate proposed solutions for their applicability, economic feasibility, and integration into existing business processes.

This collaboration format is a model for effective partnership, where students gain experience working on real-world engineering problems in an interdisciplinary team under the guidance of university faculty and leading industry practitioners. The university strengthens its ties with industry, updates its curricula, and demonstrates the social impact of its research through complex projects. The company also invests in training future professionals, gaining access to fresh ideas and potential solutions to its technological challenges, and developing future specialists tailored to its needs.

This project is the quintessence of the Polytechnic University's philosophy: "Industry in the classroom." We don't simulate abstract situations, but rather take on a complex challenge from one of the country's leading enterprises. An interdisciplinary team from three higher education institutions teaches students to speak a common technical language, view a problem from multiple perspectives, and take responsibility for their part in the overall outcome. "For us as a university, this format provides invaluable feedback from industry, allowing us to continuously improve our educational programs and train specialists in demand in the labor market," notes Olga Matsko, the university's project manager and director of the Higher School of Automation and Robotics.

The collaboration between SPbPU and the Almaz-Antey Concern is a clear example of how the boundaries between academic science and high-tech manufacturing are blurring. It's an investment in the future of Russian engineering, where theory meets practice while students are still students, and yesterday's students can become tomorrow's creators of breakthrough solutions for leading Russian industries.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Official website of the State –

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Representatives of the State University of Management took part in a cleanup day in the Vykhino-Zhulebino district.

Vice-Rector Dmitry Bryukhanov and our students cleared the accumulated snow from the passage to the Vykhino metro station and the pedestrian area along Ryazansky Prospekt.

Municipal representatives, including Nina Kalkova, head of the Vykhino-Zhulebino municipal district, and active residents of the district also came out to fight the snow.

As a reminder, on January 9, Moscow experienced a record snowfall in 56 years: 42% of the monthly precipitation fell in one day.

We thank our activists for their concern and assistance to all residents of the district!

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: January 12, 2026.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.