Category: Официальный сайт Государственного

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

On August 23, our country celebrates the Day of the defeat of German troops by Soviet troops in the Battle of Kursk.

The Battle of Kursk is one of the largest and most strategically important battles of the Great Patriotic War. It took place in the summer of 1943 between the Red Army and the Wehrmacht and lasted 50 days. The battle was of great importance for the outcome of the entire war and became a turning point that finally confirmed the superiority of the Soviet Union over Germany. It is no coincidence that this date was included in the list of Days of Military Glory of Russia.

In developing Operation Citadel, the German command sought to regain the initiative by attacking the salient of the front in the Kursk region, hoping to encircle the Soviet troops and deliver a crushing blow. In response, the Russians created a deeply echeloned system of fortifications. Therefore, the Battle of Kursk can be divided into two stages: defensive and offensive. Germany concentrated about 900 thousand soldiers, about 10 thousand artillery pieces, 2758 tanks and 2050 aircraft for the attack. 1.3 million Soviet soldiers prepared to defend their native land with the support of more than 19 thousand guns and mortars, 3444 tanks and 2172 aircraft.

The Nazi troops advanced on July 5. The Red Army steadfastly withstood the onslaught and, thanks to operational intelligence, even launched counterattacks. One of these was the famous battle near the village of Prokhorovka – the largest tank counter battle in world history, where our units clashed with the elite German divisions “Adolf Hitler”, “Reich” and “Death's Head”.

Soviet offensive operations began on July 17, when the enemy's pressure had not yet died down, so dividing the Battle of Kursk into stages is arbitrary. By the 23rd, the Russians had reached the positions of the fascist troops that they had occupied at the beginning of the battle, and then drove them westward.

The battle ended with the liberation of Orel, Belgorod and Kharkov. Kursk, Orel and Belgorod became the first cities to receive the honorary title of "City of Military Glory".

The German army lost not only the captured lands, about 500 thousand killed, wounded and captured soldiers, 1,500 tanks and 3,700 aircraft, but also the strategic offensive initiative.

The victory in the Battle of Kursk marked the beginning of the Red Army's liberation campaign into occupied Europe.

Among the participants in the turning point battle were several employees of the State University of Management, including two Heroes of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gureev and Pyotr Sedelnikov. The first commanded a mortar regiment and was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, for his successful actions. The second, as part of the 237th Assault Aviation Regiment, received his baptism of fire in the skies over Kursk.

GUU congratulates everyone on this significant day. Glory to our heroic ancestors who defended the fatherland! And glory to their descendants who recently once again drove out the invaders from the Kursk land.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/23/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

For the first time in the modern history of Russia, the modern tricolor was raised over the Government House on August 22, 1991. It replaced the red banner of the USSR with a hammer and sickle, but at the same time became a direct successor to the flag of the Russian Empire. And the very first white-blue-red flag fluttered on the Russian military ship "Orel" during the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, but it is unknown exactly what it looked like. Later, Peter I officially approved the tricolor as the flag of the Russian merchant fleet, while personally drawing its sample. It became the national flag at the very beginning of the reign of Nicholas II.

There is no official interpretation of the meaning of the colors of the Russian flag. Usually they say that white means freedom, peace or purity, blue – faith, loyalty or honesty, red – strength, courage or blood shed for the Motherland. As the Deputy Minister of Science and Higher Education Olga Petrova aptly noted, the tricolor is the DNA of a Russian, so it seems to us that everyone can interpret its colors in accordance with their personal feelings and preferences. The main thing is not to disgrace its honor.

Congratulations on the National Flag Day to all citizens of Russia! Let it inspire us, unite our hearts and give us confidence in all our endeavors.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/22/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The team from the State University of Management took part in the project-based educational intensive course “Archipelago 2025”, which took place from August 7 to 17, 2025, on the territory of the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, and, based on the results of the training, entered the top 25 among representatives of Russian universities.

Representatives of the State University of Management were included in the “Acceleration School” track, during which, over the course of 9 days, more than 70 university teams worked on a draft strategy for developing acceleration programs for their universities.

SUM acceleration programs are special educational projects aimed at accelerated development of students', young professionals' and entrepreneurs' competencies in various areas of business, technology and innovation. Such programs provide participants with the opportunity to quickly immerse themselves in relevant topics, acquire practical skills and experience necessary for a successful startup or career growth.

The main goals of the acceleration programs of the State University of Management include: 1. Development of entrepreneurial skills: training in the basics of running a business, strategic planning, financial analysis and marketing; 2. Formation of innovative solutions: stimulating participants to create new products and services, solving real business problems; 3. Increasing competitiveness: preparing graduates for work in a rapidly changing labor market and economy; 4. Creation of a startup ecosystem: support for projects at early stages of development, including mentoring, access to resources and investors.

The following took part in the Acceleration School: Director of the Center for Prospective Development Tatyana Gordeeva, Director of the Department of Academic Policy and Implementation of Educational Programs Natalia Starkova, Leading Specialist of the Department of Academic Policy and Implementation of Educational Programs Olga Gatilova, as well as a representative of the partner company, Head of the Center for Project Entrepreneurship LLC IPI-Lab Olga Barannikova.

During the training, the participants conducted an in-depth study of the key components of acceleration programs, identifying problems and finding tools to solve them. Every day there were lectures, group work, defense of developed projects in the pitch format, as well as "mentor lounges" where experts gave feedback on projects and answered questions of concern to the audience.

"The high intensity of work throughout all the days allowed us to deeply immerse ourselves in the process, identify new meanings and approaches that will become the basis for future acceleration programs of the State University of Management. The development of technological entrepreneurship in the context of state national projects is today becoming a priority and significant area that helps to unlock the potential of students and create an innovative environment at the university," noted the participants of the GUU ProTech team.

Let us recall that young scientists from the State University of Management also took part in the intensive course “Archipelago 2025”.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 20.08.2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The results of the All-Russian competition of the best practices of volunteer and public activities in Russian universities have been summed up. The State University of Management was among the winners.

The aim of the competition is to identify and support best practices in engaging students in volunteering and community service, as well as to recognise mentors and teams who help young people realise their potential.

The competition is being implemented within the framework of the national project “Youth and Children” and the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 309 of May 7, 2024 on national development goals for 2030–2036.

An expert commission was responsible for the honesty and high level of evaluation, which included: – representatives of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia; – leaders of the largest volunteer and volunteer organizations; – representatives of federal and regional departments; – activists of student associations.

The State University of Management took 2nd place among the best practices in implementing the Service Learning program.

The unique educational methodology "Service Learning" has been implemented at the State University of Management since September 2023. Our university was among the first 20 Moscow universities where this program was launched in pilot mode. To date, 452 students and 28 social partners have been involved in the program, developing 67 socially significant projects and bringing good to over 10,000 beneficiaries.

The vice-rector responsible for the implementation of the program at the State University of Management, Pavel Pavlovsky, spoke about the principles of its work.

"GUU was one of the first universities to launch the Service Learning project. And we quickly realized that the State University of Management is a great platform for organizing inter-university projects. One of these is being implemented jointly with the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev – we inspect cars for large families and give them competent recommendations. Specifically, our students, for example, held sports events for hearing-impaired children. That is, we work both directly on the profile of the federal program and offer platform solutions – this helps us achieve high results. To encourage participation and involvement in the work of the program, competitions with prizes and gifts are held. Not only students, but also students of the Pre-University of GUU participate in the implementation of projects, which makes our experience unique."

The All-Russian competition of the best practices of volunteer and social activities was held in a pilot format, but has already proven that Russian universities have incredible energy, ideas and people who are ready to change the world around them. Now it will become an annual event!

In December, the winners will present their projects at the International Forum on Civic Participation

The list of winners and finalists is in the cards.

Organizers of the Competition: The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation together with Dobro.rf.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 20.08.2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The State University completed the program of the educational camp "Step into the Future", organized for students of grades 10-11 as part of the project Advanced Engineering Schools "RosGeoTech" together with the Grozny State Oil Technological University named after Academician M.D. Millionshchikov.

Before the opening of the training camp, the head of the Department of Scientific Research Coordination of the State University of Management Maxim Pletnev introduced the guests to the activities of the RosGeoTech PIS, which covers such areas as alternative energy, power engineering, oil and gas, as well as autonomous unmanned and robotic innovative systems. Andrey Luzhetsky, head of the Advanced Engineering School, also addressed the participants with a welcoming speech.

At the Step into the Future training camp, schoolchildren studied the oil and gas industry through lectures, master classes, and solving real cases. They studied geological exploration, production, and environmental technologies, and presented their own projects to reduce the carbon footprint. The best works received prizes. The speakers noted the high interest of the children and their potential for future work in the fuel and energy sector. The schoolchildren received certificates.

This event was aimed at attracting schoolchildren to the RosGeoTech PISh project, which is focused on training future specialists in the field of engineering sciences.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/19/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

A team of young scientists from the State University of Management took part in the business program of the largest Russian event in the field of unmanned and robotic technologies — the International Forum "Unmanned Systems: Technologies of the Future". The university delegation included: Head of the Scientific Research Coordination Department Maxim Pletnev, specialists from the Engineering Project Management Center, postgraduate students Vladimir Kutkov and Nikita Akinshin.

The forum was held at the Skolkovo Innovation Center from August 7 to 17 and brought together leading developers, manufacturers and operators of unmanned systems, as well as representatives of government, business and science. The international forum included a business program, an exhibition of advanced technologies, the project-educational intensive course "Archipelago" and sports competitions, including the Moscow Mayor's Cup in drone racing.

Within the framework of the Forum, representatives of the State University of Management took part in several industry sections.

The section "Fuel and Energy Complex. Digital Transformation of Energy: Possibilities of Unmanned Systems" was devoted to the role of drones in the transition of the energy industry to more sustainable, efficient and safe models of work. Participants discussed the integration of unmanned systems into the "digital DNA" of energy, diagnostics of power lines and pipelines, as well as the prospects for geological exploration using UAS. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of existing barriers and ways to overcome them.

The section "Construction. UAS in design, construction and operation: possibilities and limitations" covered the experience of using drones for inspection of objects, mapping and control of construction processes. Participants considered practical cases, economic effects from the introduction of unmanned technologies and regulatory challenges standing in the way of their mass application in the urban environment.

In addition to business discussions, GUU employees held a number of meetings with drone and component manufacturers from all over the country, exchanged experiences and discussed the possibilities of joint projects.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/19/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

A delegation from the State University of Management headed by Vice-Rector Dmitry Bryukhanov took part in the VII Kyrgyz-Russian Economic Forum, dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the Kyrgyz Republic’s accession to the Eurasian Economic Union.

The Forum, which was held from 13 to 15 August 2025 in Bosteri, was attended by over 800 participants – representatives of government agencies, business circles, scientific and educational communities of the EAEU countries, including universities of the Eurasian Network University: State University of Management, Osh State University, Kyrgyz State Technical University named after I. Razzakov, National Research University Kyrgyz University of Economics named after M. Ryskulbekov and National Research University "MPEI".

The opening ceremony of the Forum began with welcoming addresses by the President of the Kyrgyz Republic Sadyr Japarov and the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin. The Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers – Head of the Presidential Administration of the Kyrgyz Republic Adylbek Kasymaliev and Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Alexey Overchuk also addressed the participants with welcoming words, emphasizing the strategic importance of bilateral cooperation within the EAEU and the importance of joint educational and economic initiatives.

The State University of Management was represented by Vice-Rector, Head of the ESU Secretariat Dmitry Bryukhanov. As part of the scientific and practical conference "10 years of Kyrgyzstan in the EAEU: results, challenges and prospects", he made a report on the role of the Eurasian Network University in the development of joint educational programs, scientific research and academic mobility, emphasizing the need to train personnel for key sectors of the Union's economy and the active involvement of universities in digital transformation processes. The Forum participants supported the proposal to create a scientific and expert community in the EAEU space.

As an example of the effective work of teams from several organizations, a large scientific project "Ensuring food security of the country based on the creation of software and hardware systems and intelligent platform digital solutions in the field of development of agro-industrial technologies of the full life cycle" was presented, the executor of which is the State University of Management. The participants of the Forum were presented with the concept of a digital platform for managing a modern agro-industrial complex. Dmitry Rybakov and Denis Serdechny spoke about the intermediate results of the project, the functional capabilities of the platform, as well as the strategic importance and socio-economic effects of the implementation of solutions that the State University of Management team is developing.

The reports on scientific and educational projects of the State University of Management found a positive response from the international audience. As a result of the meetings and discussions, preliminary agreements were reached on testing our solutions in the activities of production organizations in the vastness of the EAEU, as well as on joint work on future joint interdisciplinary international projects.

Particular attention in the work of the Forum was given to business B2B meetings, in which a delegation from the State University of Management took part, discussing the prospects for cooperation between universities and the expansion of network educational projects.

During the event, an agreement was signed on the development and implementation of software and hardware systems and intelligent platform digital solutions in the field of development of agro-industrial technologies of the full life cycle in the Chui and Osh regions of the Kyrgyz Republic between the State University of Management, Osh State University and the National Research University Kyrgyz University of Economics named after M. Ryskulbekov.

The forum has become an important platform for exchanging experiences, discussing the economic results of Kyrgyzstan's ten-year membership in the EAEU, prospects for industrial cooperation, developing the digital space and expanding youth and educational initiatives, as well as strengthening inter-university partnerships within the Union.

The event was organized by the Ministry of Economy and Commerce of Kyrgyzstan, the Eurasian Economic Commission, the M. Ryskulbekov Kyrgyz University of Economics and the Russian-Kyrgyz Development Fund.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/19/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

A birthday is always a pleasant holiday for the hero of the occasion and for those congratulating. And today for the State University of Management there is a special reason for jubilation – the birthday of the rector, member of the Expert Council on Education and Youth Policy under the Deputy Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation B.A. Chernyshov, member of the RAS Committee on the United Nations Environment Program, member of the Presidium of the International Movement for Financial Security, laureate of the Russian Government Prize in the field of education, Doctor of Economics, Professor Vladimir Stroyev!

As you can see, every year our rector has more and more appointments, which means more tasks: meetings, conferences, discussions, forums and other business activities. Sometimes there are two or three events a day, and it is not always possible to keep track. This is not only an exhausting job, it is also a burden of responsibility for the words spoken and proposals put forward. It is all the more pleasant to constantly see Vladimir Vitalievich active, collected and in an invariably good mood. His activities give us all a good example of hard work and bring confidence in the future.

And this tomorrow, thanks to the rector's concerns, looks very bright. Scientific laboratories are opening, another student dormitory building is being built, utilities are being repaired, and the security system is being updated. New educational programs are appearing, including in partnership with large industrial enterprises and business corporations, foreign internships are being conducted, and all-Russian competitions are being held. I would especially like to note the changes in the image of the State University of Management, which is turning from a purely managerial and humanitarian university into a center of industry and scientific and technical competencies before our eyes, surprising the expert community with its achievements. Of course, all this would be impossible without a strong team of assistants in the form of vice-rectors, talented young scientists, and goal-oriented students, but the role of the leader should not be forgotten.

Let us wish Vladimir Vitalievich to remain as active, benevolent and far-sighted; hard-working, hospitable and decisive. And even if his birthday is only once a year, the feeling of celebration can be daily, especially when you work at the State University of Management. Happiness, health and fulfillment of all dreams!

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/19/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

On August 18, 1845, by the highest order of Emperor Nicholas I, the Russian Geographical Society was founded in St. Petersburg. It is one of the oldest public organizations in Russia, which has never stopped its work since its foundation. It is also one of the first geographical societies in the world; only the Paris, Berlin, and London societies were founded before it.

The main task of the Russian Geographical Society has always been the accumulation of reliable topographic knowledge about the native country and the planet as a whole, its publication and popularization of geographical science. The Society has made a huge contribution to the study of Siberia, the Urals, the Far East, the Caucasus, Asian regions, as well as distant India, New Guinea, Arctic territories and the waters of the World Ocean.

The society unites specialists in the field of geography and related sciences, as well as enthusiastic travelers, ecologists, and public figures. Among the founders of the RGS was the famous admiral Ivan Kruzenshtern, "the man and the steamship", who led the first Russian circumnavigation of the globe. At one time, it included well-known scientists, researchers, and travelers, including Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, who received the second part of his surname for studying the mountain system of the same name, Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay, the most famous explorer and friend of the Papuans of New Guinea, as well as geologist and author of the science fiction novels "Sannikov Land" and "Plutonia" Vladimir Obruchev. In addition, the RGS included artists whose work went beyond the studios, Ivan Aivazovsky and Vasily Vereshchagin. The Russian Geographical Society also accepted foreign explorers, including Fridtjof Nansen, Roald Amundsen and Thor Heyerdahl.

The Russian Geographical Society owns the largest geographical library in Europe, which is located in the society’s St. Petersburg headquarters.

Today, the society has more than 28,000 members. RGS organizes and conducts many interesting projects, including the film festival "GRO Unites Friends", the photo contest "The Most Beautiful Country", the Crystal Compass Award, the international educational campaign "Geographical Dictation", in which students of the State University of Management take part annually. And of course, RGS is expeditions, lectures, exhibitions, environmental campaigns, work on the study and conservation of rare animal species.

In 2009, Vladimir Putin became the head of the Board of Trustees of the Russian Geographical Society, and Sergey Shoygu became the president, which shows the special attention of the Russian government to issues of geographical science. Vladimir Putin also approved a list of measures for the popularization of geography, which included the Geographer's Day holiday, timed to coincide with the founding day of the Russian Geographical Society. This year it is celebrated for the fifth time – also a small anniversary.

Among the employees of the State University of Management there are two members of the Russian Geographical Society – this is the adviser to the rector's office Nikolai Mikhailov and professor of the Department of Economics and Management in the fuel and energy complex of the State University of Management Vladimir Linnik. Moreover, the first has been a member of the society for 53 years, and the second for less than one. But Vladimir Linnik heads the Expeditionary Corps of the State University of Management, at the grand opening of which Nikolai Mikhailov presented him with a membership card.

Even before the official opening of our thematic division, students and staff of the State University of Management began active cooperation with the inter-university Student Expeditionary Corps "Arctic Team". Their first steps in this direction were search operations in Sebezh, a trip to the Arctic and participation in the Tourist Rally of the Union State. The latest expedition to date helped in the construction of an access platform for equipment near the fire pond in the Mordovian State Nature Reserve named after P. G. Smidovich. The work was carried out within the framework of the "Water Frontier" project with the support of the Nature Defenders Fund.

In addition, the State University of Management trains specialists in the field of Ecology and Nature Management, so with us, a passion for geography and travel can always be turned into a profession.

The State University of Management congratulates the Russian Geographical Society on its anniversary, including its current members Nikolay Mikhailov and Vladimir Linnik, as well as all participants of the GUU Expeditionary Corps on Geographer's Day. May the horizon always be clear, the wind blow at your back, and incredible adventures await behind every hill.

All the islands have been discovered long ago. Even those where it's cramped and just the two of us. But everything we know means nothing. Everything we know means nothing to us – We'll find a new one!

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/18/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Official website of the State –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The Rector of the State University of Management took part in the third meeting of the Rectors' Club, which was held in the Arguments and Facts press center.

Meetings of heads of higher education institutions and colleges allow for the coordination of training of specialists, avoiding duplication of educational programs, understanding what technologies and equipment are needed to teach students, and discussing how the labor market is changing.

The meeting included two sessions: the first was devoted to the future of higher and secondary vocational education and key changes in the system of training specialists, and the second focused on interaction with the business community.

During the first part of the meeting, representatives of government bodies and heads of higher and secondary educational institutions, including Vladimir Stroyev, spoke.

First Deputy Minister of Education of Russia Alexander Bugaev presented the key aspects of the education development strategy, which is based on traditional approaches and includes two stages: preparatory (2025-2026) and the subsequent implementation stage.

Deputy Minister of Science and Higher Education Olga Petrova noted that this year the implementation of all key areas in the educational system, started earlier, will continue, with special attention being paid to helping student families. She emphasized that it is necessary to "prepare graduate professionals with an active civic position, aware of their role in the development of the country's technological sovereignty.

The head of the State University of Management Vladimir Stroyev spoke about the Pre-University of the State University of Management, where schoolchildren of the 10th and 11th grades study. The rector noted that despite the high requirements (only excellent students), the number of people wishing to enroll there increases every year. Vladimir Stroyev also introduced the audience to the areas of student training implemented at the State University of Management.

"The university is actively developing new areas of training, especially in the field of management. This year, interest in management programs in various industries has noticeably increased: from construction to show business. An important aspect of the university's development has become the creation of high-quality media content. We have three professional studios for producing video materials. This is especially relevant, given that today's youth is a demanding audience, well versed in the media space," he added.

Also at the meeting, representatives of the government, universities and the expert community discussed the readiness of the secondary vocational education and higher education sector for the new academic year, the progress and tasks of transforming universities, state youth policy and the development of vocational education infrastructure.

At the end of the meeting, those gathered agreed that for the successful development of the education system, it is important for all its elements to cooperate and coordinate their actions to ensure a comfortable transition for students between different levels of education and achieve a synergistic effect.

Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 08/13/2025

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

.