The Russian Treasury: From a Prince's Coin Purse to a Digital Budget System

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December 8th marks Treasury Day in Russia—a professional holiday for the employees of the federal agency responsible for the safeguarding, distribution, and transparent use of funds in the country's budget system. The date was chosen for a reason: on December 8th, 1992, President Boris Yeltsin signed the decree establishing the Federal Treasury. This marked the first step toward reviving an institution whose history stretches back to ancient times.

State services: the beginning

Even in Ancient Rus', the position of treasurer existed at princely and boyar courts—the custodian of the household's wealth, responsible for preserving property and income. Under Ivan III, state-owned courts were established, and in 1710, Emperor Peter I established the Accounting (Treasury) Office, which oversaw tax collection.

In 1775, Catherine II ordered the creation of treasury chambers in each province to manage the Imperial Majesty's revenues. Under Alexander I, the 1802 manifesto established three financial departments, including the State Treasury, and in 1821, the Department of the State Treasury, the center of all treasury services in the Russian Empire, was established within the Ministry of Finance.

After the October Revolution, the State Treasury was abolished in 1918. Its functions were transferred to the People's Commissariat of Finance, and later to the Ministry of Finance of the USSR and the State Bank.

Recent history

The revival of the treasury in modern Russia began in 1992. Initially, it was part of the Ministry of Finance, but in 2005 it was transformed into a separate federal service under the Ministry of Finance. By 2002, the vertical structure was completed: 89 directorates and over 2,200 offices were established across the country. In 2000, the Budget Code of the Russian Federation enshrined treasury budget execution—the principle that underlies the modern budget system.

In 2011, the official symbols of the Treasury—a heraldic emblem, a flag, and a pennant—were approved. And in 2017, to mark its 25th anniversary, the Bank of Russia issued a commemorative silver coin, "Treasury of Russia."

Today, the Federal Treasury oversees compliance with budget legislation, distributes revenues between levels of the budget system, and provides cash services to regional and local budgets. Since 2007, the agency has been headed by Roman Artyukhin, a graduate of the State University of Management, Honored Economist of the Russian Federation, and recipient of high state awards.

"From princely wrought-iron chests to digital budget flow monitoring systems, the core mission has remained unchanged: to preserve, distribute, and prevent the waste of budget funds. One of the primary goals of our university community has always been and remains the development of specialized educational programs, the development of advanced specialized technologies, and the training of highly qualified personnel, including to strengthen financial discipline and transparency in public finances," noted Vladimir Stroyev, Rector of the State University of Management.

We sincerely congratulate everyone involved on their professional holiday—Treasury Day! We wish you health, energy, prosperity, and success in increasing the wealth of our country!

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Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

The Day That Changed the World Map: The Belovezh Accords and the Collapse of the USSR

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On December 8, 1991, at the government residence of Viskuli in Belovezhskaya Pushcha (Belarus), the heads of the three union republics, Boris Yeltsin (RSFSR), Leonid Kravchuk (Ukrainian SSR) and Stanislav Shushkevich (BSSR), signed the Agreement on the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

New chapter

The Agreement was signed by the leaders: Gennady Burbulis from Russia, Vyacheslav Kebich from Belarus, and Vitold Fokin from Ukraine. The meeting was held in strict secrecy and under the protection of a special unit.

The document's preamble contained a key provision: the USSR as a subject of international law and a geopolitical entity ceases to exist, and Article 1 of the Agreement stated: The High Contracting Parties shall form a Commonwealth of Independent States. The document declared the parties' desire to develop cooperation in the political, economic, humanitarian, and cultural spheres. Article 14 designated Minsk as the "official seat of the coordinating bodies of the Commonwealth."

Parade of Sovereignties

On December 10, 1991, the Agreement was ratified by the parliaments of Ukraine and Belarus. On December 12, it was approved by the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, chaired by Ruslan Khasbulatov, who called on deputies to support the document. On the same day, the Russian parliament denounced the Treaty on the Formation of the USSR.

Only seven of the 246 members of parliament voted against ratification, five abstained, and 34 did not participate in the vote.

However, a number of deputies pointed out that, according to Article 104 of the 1978 Constitution of the RSFSR, such decisions should have been made by the Congress of People's Deputies, and not by the Supreme Soviet, since the matter concerned changing the state structure.

In April 1992, the Fifth Congress of People's Deputies of Russia refused three times to ratify the Agreement and remove references to USSR laws from the Constitution of the RSFSR. This standoff became one of the causes of the conflict between the president and parliament, which culminated in the dissolution of the Congress in October 1993. Only on December 25, 1993, with the adoption of the new Constitution of the Russian Federation, was the legal connection with the USSR finally severed.

Against the will of the people

In September 1998, Ruslan Khasbulatov noted at a State Duma committee meeting: "The document has not been ratified. From a constitutional perspective, this was a matter for the Congress. And what the Supreme Soviet adopted could only be advisory in nature." In 2003, the State Duma Committee on CIS Affairs concluded that the Russian Federation was not de jure a founding member of the CIS, since the Agreement had not been ratified by the highest authority of the RSFSR.

On December 21, 1991, in Alma-Ata, eight more republics joined the Agreement, bringing the total to 11 of the 15 former Soviet republics. On December 25, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev announced the end of his term as President of the USSR. Thus, the Soviet Union ceased to exist, even though, in a March 1991 all-Union referendum, 76.43% of citizens of nine republics voted to preserve the USSR as a renewed federation. However, the decision to dissolve it was made without their participation by the then political elites.

The disaster of the century

On December 8, 1991, the Belovezh Accords ended the USSR. The country suffered unprecedented territorial losses without any war.

In his address to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on April 25, 2005, President Vladimir Putin called the collapse of the Soviet Union the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century. For the Russian people, the dissolution of the USSR was a true tragedy, resulting in tens of millions of former citizens and compatriots finding themselves outside Russian territory and nearly triggering the disintegration of Russia itself.

In 2008, Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko voiced a similar position, emphasizing that the demise of the USSR led to the collapse of the established bipolar global system. It was expected that the end of the Cold War would allow for a reduction in military spending and the redirection of the freed-up resources toward addressing pressing global issues, including food security, energy, and the environment. Instead, the planet entered an era of intense competition for control of energy resources and an active redistribution of spheres of influence, which continues to this day.

The wild 90s

Moreover, President Vladimir Putin has repeatedly pointed out the social and demographic failure associated with the collapse of the Union, comparing the decline in the birth rate in the mid-1990s with the situation in 1943–1944, when people died en masse on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.

Indeed, in 1989, the USSR State Statistics Committee calculated that by the end of 2015, the population of the RSFSR would grow from 148.3 million to 165.7 million. Taking into account the slowdown in population growth, by the end of 2021, the Russian population would reach at least 169.4 million, or 171.9 million citizens including Crimea. In reality, the permanent population of Russia as of January 1, 2023, was 146.4 million, excluding Novorossiya, which had returned to its home port. This means that approximately 25 million people were lost to the poverty and wars of the post-Soviet period, not including the victims of the coronavirus epidemic. It took more than three decades to pull the country out of this catastrophe.

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Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Indicators met, goals achieved: The Board of Trustees of the RosGeoTech School of Public Administration summed up the year's results.

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On December 5, Vladimir Stroyev, Rector of the State University of Management, participated in the final meeting of the Board of Trustees of the RosGeoTech Advanced Engineering School for 2025.

The meeting reviewed the results of 2025 and discussed plans for the project's further development. Antony Shvindt, Deputy Head of the Secretariat of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation; Rustam Shaptukayev, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economic and Territorial Development of the Chechen Republic; Temirlan Khuchiev, Minister of Industry and Trade of the Chechen Republic; Magomed Mintsaev, Rector of the M.D. Millionshchikov Grozny State Petroleum Technological University; Andrey Luzhetsky, Head of the RosGeoTech Advanced Engineering School; and other representatives of industrial partners, research institutes, universities, and executive authorities took part in the discussion.

As for the First Management Plan, the second stages of work on the GeoMap project, aimed at creating an interactive map of Russia's geothermal resources, and the ABRIS project, dedicated to ensuring the safety of facilities in various industries and developing mobile and stationary robotic platforms with drones for the automatic monitoring of industrial facilities—from pipelines to complex infrastructure—will be completed in 2025.

The key outcome of the ABRIS project was the development of a scientific and technical report, including scenarios for the use of autonomous unmanned aerial systems for monitoring oil and gas infrastructure facilities, a prototype of the ABRIS hardware and software system, and a protocol for testing innovative systems.

In 2025, as part of the GeoMap project, an adapted system of indicators for a comprehensive and balanced assessment of the economic efficiency of converting oil wells to geothermal energy was developed, and a conceptual model for an interactive map was developed. This map represents a modern, technologically advanced, and scientifically sound tool designed to address the pressing issue of information support for the development of the energy potential of the North Caucasus Federal District.

In the field of education, the State University of Management and the State Petroleum Technological University (GGNTU) are implementing four continuing professional education (CPE) programs, one of which was approved this year. Four CPE graduates have already been employed by high-tech companies, demonstrating the effectiveness of the courses and the achievement of established benchmarks.

In addition, PIS researchers conducted more than seven career guidance events, attended by over 400 Moscow schoolchildren. Undoubtedly, efforts to popularize science and the RosGeoTech Advanced Engineering School will continue in the coming years.

To further advance development in all areas, the RosGeoTech Industrial Innovation Lab opened at the State University of Management in October. The ABRIS project and career guidance activities will continue to be implemented there.

Thus, GUU not only met but also exceeded some of the program's implementation indicators, which once again confirms our university's status as a reliable and promising partner.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 6, 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

International Track: The Academic Reserve Program Has Completed at the State University of Management

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From December 3rd to 4th, the State University of Management held the final in-person module of the professional retraining program in managing international activities in the academic environment, "Academic Reserve: International Track."

International managers and staff from organizations under the Russian Ministry of Education and Science have completed a long process of developing international activity strategies and strategic initiative passports for transforming the management system of the relevant functional area.

Over three months of training, participants completed two in-person sessions and five remote modules, where they were able to refine their knowledge and skills in relevant aspects of working with international students, organizing international activities, and research projects with international participation. This intensive program included over 40 expert webinars, the recording of over 25 professional videos, and a thorough study of methodological materials developed by the program's strategic partner, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Interobrazovanie."

Throughout the entire process, participants were supported by experts, mentors, and trainers. Pedagogical guidance and tracking support were provided by the staff of the First Management Institute—specialists for whom project management is not just an area of fundamental scientific interest but also a part of their lives and professional practice.

This fundamental preparation ensured the success of the comprehensive events held on December 3rd to refine international activity strategies. These events included a rapid assessment of the current state, content refinement based on recommendations received from mentors, and presentation structuring for the final defense. Participants also mastered effective presentation and public speaking skills, developed the structure of their defense pitches, and received recommendations for improvement.

Thanks to active teamwork and the support of professional trainers, on December 4, all participants successfully defended their projects before a certification committee, which included representatives from the academic, expert, and professional communities (State University of Management, Interobrazovanie, and the WINbd Academy of Management), as well as a representative of the program's initiator, Ksenia Trinchenko, Director of the Department of International Cooperation at the Russian Ministry of Education and Science.

The commission highly praised the teams' strategies and proposals, noting the originality of their formats and their alignment with current trends in the internationalization of education and national policy priorities. The submitted materials contained detailed roadmaps with stages, deadlines, resource synchronization, risks, and expected results. The experience gained will serve as a foundation for the participants' continued effective work in their own organizations, where they will be able to implement new ideas and initiatives generated by the State University of Management.

A significant impact of the program lies in the creation of a platform for the exchange of best practices and professional knowledge in international cooperation. For example, as part of the final module on December 4, a large-scale Congress of international affairs leaders from across the country was held. The Congress focused on the integration of Russian educational and scientific organizations into the global community and techniques for institutional representation in international bodies and associations. This event significantly strengthened professional ties and knowledge sharing among the participants.

Overall, the networking system created within the program is already facilitating the establishment of long-term partnerships and the exchange of best practices and innovative approaches in higher education and science. This, in turn, stimulates the implementation of new ideas, the enhancement of professional competence, and the joint resolution of pressing industry challenges, which positively impacts the quality and effectiveness of organizations and the development of international cooperation in education and science.

"In the future, students can expect even more engaging and enriching modules, with real-life meetings, training sessions, and internships at higher education and research institutions, including here at the First Management University. Our goal is not only to equip you with the skills and knowledge necessary for leadership positions and confident international collaboration, but also to prepare you for future work by establishing communication and mutually beneficial partnerships within our university," said Vladimir Stroyev, Rector of the State University of Management, noting the continuity of the "Academic Reserve" programs from 2022.

As a reminder, the current international track is the successor to the "Academic Reserve" program for systematically training a reserve of management personnel for higher education and research organizations, which was launched at our university three years ago.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 6, 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Achieve success: the first stage of the Cheer League competition has concluded at the State University of Management.

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Last weekend, the first stage of the Moscow Student Cheer League took place at the State University of Management's sports complex. The competition was organized by the Phoenix student sports club with the support of the First Management University.

Nine teams from Moscow's capital universities took part in the event, including the State University of Management, the Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET), the Bauman Moscow State Technical University (MSTU), the Timiryazev Russian State Agrarian University (RSAU-MTSA), the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), and others.

The team competed in 11 cheerleading and cheer sports disciplines, where teamwork, concentration, and professional execution were key. Ultimately, our team won gold in the Cheer Dance Show category, bronze in the Cheer Jazz Doubles category, and a respectable fifth place in the Cheer Freestyle Group category.

We sincerely thank the organizers, partners, fans, and spectators for their support, which became an important part of the First Management Cheerleaders' performance!

It's worth noting that the Moscow Student Cheer League promotes youth sports, uncovers young talent, and strengthens ties between student communities at Moscow's universities. The next stage of the competition is ahead, so let's look forward to more victories together!

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 6, 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

For the Good of the Motherland: GUU in the Finals of the Patriotic Education of Youth Competition

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The State University of Management team became a finalist in the University Team Competition for Youth Policy and Educational Activities in the category "Patriotic Education and Unity of the Peoples of Russia."

On December 9, from 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM, a lecture on "Patriotic Education and Unity of the Peoples of Russia" will be held in the lobby of the Center for Educational and Upbringing Programs (CEUP). The lecture will cover thematic events held at the First Management Center, grants received, relationships with external partners, and many other activities implemented over the past years.

On December 16, finalists will perform in person at Moscow universities and defend their projects before a distinguished jury as part of the All-Russian Congress on Youth Policy and Educational Activities.

A total of 866 applications from university teams were submitted to the competition, and 143 finalists representing 136 educational institutions from 58 regions of Russia are vying for victory in the final.

"We all, regardless of nationality, are one vast country with a great history. Harmony and unity, loyalty to our traditions and moral values are the most important conditions for the stable and dynamic development of the state and the calm and peaceful lives of its citizens. And it is equally important to be proud of your homeland, value its experience and history, and pass this feeling on to future generations," emphasized Vladimir Stroyev, Rector of the State University of Management.

"This competition allowed us to once again confirm that Russian universities have formed professional teams that are successfully conducting systematic work in key areas of youth policy," noted Maxim Dreval, General Director of the Russian Society "Knowledge."

It should be noted that the competition for university teams in youth policy and educational activities is being implemented by the Znanie Society in collaboration with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and with the support of Rosmolodezh.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 5, 2025.

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Patriotism and Leadership: GUU Takes Silver at the All-Russian Service-Learning Competition

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The State University of Management team took second place among 590 Russian universities in the category "Best Practices in Implementing the Service-Learning Program" as part of the All-Russian Competition for Best Practices in Organizing Community and Volunteer Activities.

The award ceremony took place as part of an international forum

"The Service-Learning program is a better fit for our university than many others. SUM is rightfully considered a leader in project-based learning. All of our students engage in project-based learning in one way or another, and many of the projects we develop have a social focus. This topic is particularly close and understandable to us. And I'm pleased that we are among the universities that have launched this module," noted Rector Vladimir Stroyev at the official launch of the program at the First Management University. It's worth noting that the Service-Learning course is being implemented at the request of President Vladimir Putin by the Association of Volunteer Centers, the Higher School of Economics, and the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, in collaboration with the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs and the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection. More than 100 Russian universities, including 14 in Moscow, have launched the program in pilot mode.

We congratulate our students on this federal recognition and thank all project participants for their contribution to the development of community and volunteer activities at the university!

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 5, 2025.

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In the name of mercy: today is International Volunteer Day

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On December 5th, the entire planet honors volunteers—a holiday for those who choose to help those in need, not for reward, but because they cannot help themselves. The date's history dates back to 1985, when the UN General Assembly officially established Volunteer Day to formally recognize the contribution of volunteers to solving global problems and strengthening peace. In Russia, the holiday became a national holiday in 2017, when President Vladimir Putin signed a decree to that effect.

Humanitarian society

Volunteering is a deeply rooted phenomenon in Russian society. Its roots lie in community-based mutual aid, the tradition of caring for monastic orphanages, and the 19th-century campaign of the Sisters of Mercy. Under Alexander I, the Imperial Philanthropic Society was established, and during the Crimean War and the First World War, the unpaid work of nurses and orderlies became the norm.

The Soviet era gave the country another form of volunteerism—the Timur movement. After the publication of Arkady Gaidar's novella "Timur and His Team," millions of schoolchildren began helping the families of front-line soldiers, veterans, and the elderly—good deeds became part of the new Soviet culture.

Today, volunteerism is a complex, organized system. According to 2025 estimates, 32% of Russia's adult population participates in volunteer activities, meaning one in three residents has lent a helping hand to those in need at least once in their life.

It's in our blood

One of the largest volunteer projects in our country is the All-Russian campaign

On the eve of Volunteer Day, the "We Are Together" forum was held in Moscow, where Russian President Vladimir Putin presented the "Volunteer of the Year 2025" award to Anna Pluzhnikova for providing meals to volunteers cleaning the Black Sea after the environmental disaster near Anapa. In his speech, the head of state emphasized that volunteering is not just assistance, but an expression of national solidarity and civic maturity, rooted in a sincere desire to help others. This has been especially evident during the pandemic and during the Special Military Operation (SVO). "It's in all of our blood—helping our neighbors, supporting those in need," Vladimir Vladimirovich emphasized.

Festival of Good Deeds

Today marks the end of the nationwide "Week of Good Deeds"—a mass volunteer effort to make trench candles and camouflage nets for the SVO. Activists also visited lonely people, improved memorials, and held scientific and environmental volunteer days. The celebration of Russia's humanitarian community doesn't end there: tomorrow, the Mosart Gallery in Moscow will host a screening of the documentary "

The State University of Management deeply respects the volunteer movement. Students and staff of the State University of Management regularly participate in social, patriotic, and environmental initiatives—from mentoring schoolchildren to assisting veterans and mobilized personnel. Specifically, the Moscow City Branch of the All-Russian Student Rescue Corps (VSKS), located on the grounds of the First Management University, regularly hosts master classes on weaving camouflage nets, making trench candles, and stoves for humanitarian aid, which the university sends to Russian soldiers serving in the Siberian Military District as part of the "SUM – To Ourselves" campaign, which began in January 2024 and is part of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science's public campaign "Universities for the Front."

For us, volunteering isn't a fad, but a practice of social responsibility, a form of true leadership. Because a true manager isn't just someone who solves problems, but also someone who is the first to respond when they see a need.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 5, 2025.

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A powerful rebuff to the enemy: the country commemorates the start of the counteroffensive near Moscow.

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December 5, 1941, marked a turning point not only in the Great Patriotic War but in world history as a whole. On that day, Soviet troops launched a counteroffensive along a front stretching over a thousand kilometers—from Tver (then Kalinin) to Yelets. This decision, made by the Supreme High Command Headquarters (SHGK), marked the beginning of the defeat of Nazi forces near Moscow and halted the seemingly unstoppable blitzkrieg.

Until the last drop of blood

By that time, the enemy was 20–30 kilometers from the capital. Moscow was already circled in red on Hitler's maps. Operation Typhoon, launched in late September, was supposed to capture the city before the frost set in. However, the enemy's plans were destined to fail.

Delays near Smolensk, fierce battles near Kiev, and the Red Army's stubborn resistance—all this cost the Wehrmacht precious time. By December, the German force was exhausted, depleted, and unprepared for winter. Its soldiers were in summer uniforms, their equipment was not adapted to the cold, and their morale was shattered. "The Russians fight to the last man. They very rarely surrender," wrote Franz Halder, Chief of the Wehrmacht General Staff and later one of the instigators of the assassination attempt on the Führer, in his diary with alarm.

Counterattack

Meanwhile, a powerful reserve was being formed in our rear. Siberian and Far Eastern divisions, dressed in white camouflage uniforms, approached the front lines. By early December, the Western, Kalinin, and Southwestern Fronts numbered over a million men, more than 7,600 guns and mortars, nearly 800 tanks, and about a thousand combat aircraft.

On the morning of December 5, troops of the Kalinin Front attacked from the north. The following day, forces from the Western and Southwestern Fronts attacked from the flanks and rear of the Nazis. Soviet units, lacking deep defensive lines, acted decisively and quickly. Fierce battles unfolded on the approaches to Klin, Istra, Tula, and Yelets.

A month later, German forces were pushed back 250 kilometers west. Enemy losses during the first ten days of the counteroffensive exceeded 150,000 killed and wounded, and approximately 800 tanks were destroyed. Army Group Center commander Fedor von Bock complained that his troops were "exhausted."

Eternal memory

This date became a symbol not only of military valor but also of the rebirth of faith in victory. Moscow stood firm, the Soviet Union did not break—for the first time since the invasion of our land, the enemy retreated.

In 1995, December 5th was officially included in the law "On Days of Military Glory of Russia." It reminds us that sometimes the most important step is the first counterattack.

The First Management University community honors with deep respect the memory of those who stopped the enemy on the outskirts of Moscow in December 1941—among them were our faculty and students. Their heroic deed is not only a chapter in history but also a lesson for the future: even in the most difficult circumstances, determination, preparation, and unity among the people can change the course of events.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 4, 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

From the first computer to the "digital village": Informatics Day in Russia

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On December 4, we celebrate Computer Science Day—a professional holiday dedicated to the date that laid the foundation for Russian computer science: in 1948, the first patent for a digital electronic computer was registered in the USSR.

From a radio tube to a smartphone

The idea for the holiday arose in 1998, when Computer Weekly magazine proposed celebrating December 4th as Russian Informatics Day in honor of an event that occurred half a century earlier. Few knew then that it was on this day in 1948 that Soviet scientists Academician Isaak Bruk and engineer Bashir Rameyev received Inventor's Certificate No. 10475 for a digital electronic computer. Their patent, which marked the beginning of the era of Russian computer science, can, without exaggeration, be called a feat of engineering. After all, in just three months of work, Isaak Semenovich and Bashir Iskanderovich created the "Automatic Digital Electronic Computer" project, despite a near-total lack of access to foreign technology, a shortage of vacuum tubes, and an unstable power supply. The device's "thinking" was based on binary logic and hardware-based software control, and vacuum tubes were used in its assembly. Although the first working model was launched only three years later, it was in 1948 that the architectural foundation for future computers was laid.

Of particular significance was the fact that the Soviet machine was designed to store programs in memory—an ergonomic solution that underlies all modern gadgets and devices, from smartphones to supercomputers.

From information to informatics

Unlike the American ENIAC, where programming was determined by cable connections, the Bruk-Rameyev machine was more flexible. And during its first run, it generated so much heat that scientists had to remove part of the roof to prevent a fire. But it was this "vacuum-tube behemoth," occupying 15 square meters, that became the prototype of an entire era. This idea gave rise to the original Soviet computers: the legendary Moscow M-1 and Kiev MESM, as well as the Strela, one of the first mass-produced computers for scientific and defense calculations. They were used in satellite launches, nuclear projects, weather forecasting, and economic planning. And although Western computing technology was already rapidly developing worldwide, Soviet machines were equal to them, and in some tasks, they were superior thanks to optimized algorithms and architecture.

Incidentally, the term "computer science" only appeared in the USSR in 1962, on the initiative of Academician Alexander Kharkevich, director of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems (IITP RAS). But it was the 1948 patent that cemented the country's priority in the development of digital systems and gave impetus to the creation of specialized laboratories, design bureaus, and educational programs.

Today, Computer Science Day is more than just a professional holiday. It commemorates the fact that technology is born from ideas, and ideas from faith in the future. On this day, universities, schools, and technology parks host lectures, exhibitions, and hackathons to remind the new generation that behind every byte is history, behind every algorithm, talent and hard work.

From theory to practice

The State University of Management, which develops digital leaders for the new Russia, pays special attention to this legacy. The university houses departments and programs directly related to information technology and digital transformation, training specialists capable of designing and implementing IT solutions in the public and corporate sectors. Students master big data analysis, digital architecture, IT project management, and cybersecurity, as well as mathematical modeling, software development principles, the application of artificial intelligence in management, business management in the digital economy, working with platforms, and the specifics of digital policymaking.

Regarding applied research in the field of IT and AI, a pilot implementation of the major scientific project "Ensuring the country's food security through the creation of hardware and software systems and intelligent platform digital solutions for the development of full-lifecycle agro-industrial technologies" will begin in 2026. Our researchers refer to this project as the "digital village."

The agricultural platform, which the First Management Institute is developing jointly with the Omsk Agricultural Research Center and Udmurt State University, is conceived as a "super-system" that simplifies the work of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. It will set tasks for FMS systems, reduce decision-making costs, and increase the sustainability of participants through collaborative mechanisms. "It shouldn't be the case that a farmer repeatedly enters data into different systems, essentially 'manually, from a notebook,'" emphasizes Dmitry Rybakov, project coordinator and researcher at the Center for Engineering Project Management at Udmurt State University, noting that data transfer to Federal State Information Systems (FSIS) (Zerno, Saturn, Unified Financial Information System of the ZSN, etc.) will be automated as much as possible.

The system consists of three levels: infrastructure (drones, navigation, data collection), management (analytics, business processes, smart contracts), and cooperation—inter-industry and even international. The platform's economy will be built on a subscription model, with costs distributed among agricultural enterprises, processors, logistics, insurers, banks, and, possibly, the government.

Thus, our university community is directly involved in shaping the image of the future Russian agro-industrial complex, and, in the future, the agro-industrial complex of friendly countries of the EAEU and BRICS.

Subscribe to the "Our GUU" Telegram channel. Publication date: December 4, 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source. It represents an accurate account of the source's assertions and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.