Category: Новосибирский государственный университет

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Novosibirsk State University and Binnopharm Group, one of the largest pharmaceutical manufacturers in Russia, have agreed to cooperate in the educational and research fields. The corresponding agreement was signed today at the international forum for technological development Technoprom-2025. The university will train specialists for the company within the framework of the new master's program Industrial Pharmacy, which opened this year at the Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies (IMMT) of NSU.

— Biotechnology and medical research are one of the priority areas that will be developed on the basis of the infrastructure of the new educational and scientific center of the NSU IMMT and the NSU research center, which are objects of the NSU campus under construction. Also this year we launched new educational programs, including the specialty "Medical Cybernetics". Partnership with one of the market leaders will allow us to adapt our educational programs to the current requirements of pharmaceutical manufacturers and train specialists who will be in demand in the labor market. And also to work at the forefront of science in the field of medical biotechnology and the development of new drugs, — commented the rector of NSU, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mikhail Fedoruk.

The infrastructure of the new NSU campus, which is one of the priority projects for the development of the Novosibirsk Region and is being implemented within the framework of the federal project “Creation of a network of modern campuses” of the national project “Youth and Children”, allows working with a wide range of technological platforms – from gene therapy to cellular technologies, which is intended to make a significant contribution to achieving the goal of ensuring technological leadership of the country.

The future campus space will meet modern requirements and demands of the student community. Design solutions will allow creating unique scientific and educational centers, as well as additional coworking areas. The campus will serve as the foundation for a modern comfortable environment for students and teachers.

— Pharmaceuticals is one of the most dynamic and knowledge-intensive industries. Success here is determined not only by fundamental knowledge, but also by the ability to innovate, so for us, the partnership with NSU is a strategic investment in the future of the industry, — noted Tatyana Fedchenko, Director of HR and Organizational Development at Binnopharm Group. — Binnopharm Group systematically builds work with the country's leading universities. We organize internships, practical training and excursions so that students can get acquainted with modern production during their studies. This year alone, more than 200 students have completed such programs. This allows us not only to fill vacancies, but to attract motivated and promising specialists to the company who are already familiar with our standards.

In addition to cooperation in implementing the master's program, NSU plans to launch educational courses for additional professional education in order to train specialists with unique competencies required for the enterprises of Binnopharm Group. This concerns postgraduate training in the field of pharmacy.

In the future, it is planned to expand the scope of cooperation and conduct joint research projects in the field of biomedical developments that are relevant to the modern scientific agenda.

— The cooperation between NSU and the Binnopharm Group company will allow us to more effectively build the entire chain of product creation: starting with joint development based on our laboratories, the release of pilot industrial batches and ending with further scaling at the company's production sites, — said Yulia Samoilova, Director of the NSU Institute of Medical Technologies.

In order to implement the full cycle of development of innovative medical products and drugs, as well as bring them to the stage of production of pilot industrial series under GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) conditions, a complex of high-tech clean rooms and laboratories that meet the most stringent international standards will be created at the university on the basis of the new campus.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and Novosibirsk State University (NSU) have signed an agreement to open a joint clinical research center "West-East". The goal of the strategic partnership between the country's two leading research universities is to organize and conduct clinical research, create breakthrough technologies and innovative drugs for practical healthcare. Vice-Rector for Scientific and Technological Development of the First Moscow State Medical University Vadim Tarasov and Rector of NSU Mikhail Fedoruk signed the document on August 27 at the XII international forum "Technoprom-2025" in Novosibirsk.

The Clinical Research Center of the First Moscow State Medical University and Novosibirsk State University will begin its work in September 2025 and its activities will have two key areas. The first is conducting clinical trials of drugs. Combining the resources of two leading Russian universities will solve the problem of patient recruitment for pharmaceutical companies by coordinating actions in the Western European (based on Sechenov University) and Eastern European (based on NSU) parts of the country.

The second direction is joint exploratory research to create innovative medical technologies. The partners will direct part of the funds received from the commercial activities of the center to their development.

— To implement this strategic direction, we are combining the capabilities of two universities. On the part of Sechenov University, this is medical industry expertise and our unique competencies in the field of drug development and bringing them to market, — Vadim Tarasov commented on the signing of the document. — Our specialists have successfully developed and introduced into production more than 200 drugs, conducted more than 300 preclinical and more than a thousand clinical studies, including studies of the first coronavirus vaccine "Sputnik V". We carry out all stages of drug development – from the stage of molecule selection to the submission of a registration dossier in accordance with Russian and international standards. Together with Novosibirsk State University, we plan to create a system for financing exploratory research at the expense of profits received for conducting clinical trials. We are talking about joint research to create breakthrough medical technologies and innovative drugs using artificial intelligence and X-ray structural analysis of molecules. The combination of these technologies will significantly speed up and reduce the cost of developing innovative drugs.

The Medical Research and Educational Center of the Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies (IMMT) of NSU will become the platform for the Eastern European segment of the clinical center. The Institute has unique technological platforms and a ready-made research infrastructure, which creates a solid foundation for its development and allows it to begin implementing specific scientific and clinical tasks.

— The infrastructure created at NSU for conducting fundamental research, including the unique educational and research station SKIF-NSU, the construction of which will be completed this year, will allow us to exchange experience, expand the clinical base, initiate new projects, and also shorten the path of a drug from the first phase of clinical trials to the launch of a finished product on the market, — said Yulia Samoilova, Director of the Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies of NSU.

She also noted that today most clinical trials are conducted in central Russia. Now that a similar center will be created beyond the Urals, new opportunities will appear for expanding cooperation with drug manufacturers from the BRICS countries, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China and India, for whom it is more convenient from a logistical point of view to interact with research centers located in Siberia.

The West-East Center is equipped with all the necessary equipment for conducting clinical research and testing of medical products, including innovative ones that have no analogues on the market. In the future, NSU and Sechenov University plan to launch joint network educational programs in the field of medical and pharmaceutical education, including programs for additional professional education.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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In the fall of 2025, the first project of joint educational programs between Russia and West African countries at the level of secondary vocational education will be launched. The priority areas of training are the agricultural sector, agriculture, construction industry, as well as natural sciences and technical specialties. Colleges and three universities of the Novosibirsk Region are participating in the pilot project: Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk State Technical University and Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, each of which oversees its own area. The project is coordinated by the Center for Public Diplomacy. Representatives of NSU and the Center for Public Diplomacy announced this today at a press conference in TASS as part of the international forum for technological development "Technoprom-2025".

The project includes several stages. In order to bring the educational programs of Russian and African colleges closer together, the first stage will involve retraining of college teachers. The first program in the agricultural field will start in the fall of 2025 and provides for training teachers of African secondary vocational educational institutions at Novosibirsk universities for a period of several months to a year.

— We are starting to combine secondary vocational and higher education institutions within the framework of one project. We will start with retraining secondary education teachers in Burkina Faso, this is a key partner country for us, a pilot platform for testing new projects. The partners on the Russian side are colleges and universities of the Novosibirsk Region. In the future, we plan to replicate the successful experience in other regions of Russia, — commented Natalia Krasovskaya, Director of the Center for Public Diplomacy.

The next stage is planned to organize preparatory departments of Russian universities in educational institutions of secondary vocational education in African countries. Upon completion of their studies, college students, having already mastered the profession, will be able to choose one of two trajectories: to start working in their specialty in their country or to continue their education at a specialized university in Russia.

— The peculiarity of the project is that a joint Russian-African educational program of secondary vocational education is being created. In the future, its graduates will have the opportunity to enroll in a higher educational institution under an accelerated program and complete a bachelor's degree in three years instead of four. Thus, in six years of study — secondary vocational education plus a university — students receive a full bachelor's degree. For NSU, this is an additional tool for attracting foreign students, — said Evgeny Sagaydak, Head of the NSU Education Export Department.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Novosibirsk State University (NSU), together with the Center for Public Diplomacy, is launching a unique international-class program aimed at training schoolchildren in Burkina Faso. The pilot project will start on October 1, 2025, and includes intensive Russian language training, followed by two years of computer science and mathematics courses adapted to NSU requirements. Representatives of NSU and the Center for Public Diplomacy announced this today at a press conference at TASS as part of the international forum for technological development "Technoprom-2025".

The project in question is a unique experience for Russia, creating a specialized class in one of the lyceums of Burkina Faso. Students who complete the program will have the opportunity to enroll in specialized specialties at Novosibirsk State University.

— Over the past two years, we have been actively working in West African countries, creating and strengthening cooperation at the university level. Thus, last year an agreement was signed to create a Consortium of Russian Universities for cooperation with African countries. Now this project also covers school education, which allows us to prepare young people in advance for admission to Russian universities — three years before graduation. By creating a specialized international class, we are developing curricula adapted to the requirements of universities, which creates unique conditions for learning. This, in turn, will increase the number of students from African countries studying at Novosibirsk State University and other leading Russian universities, — commented Natalia Krasovskaya, Director of the Center for Public Diplomacy.

Schoolchildren with good knowledge of English will be allowed to participate in the program; it is planned to recruit 25-30 people. Computer science and mathematics programs will be developed by NSU teachers.

— The implementation of the model for selecting talented young people for admission to the university and the creation of specialized international classes is an important element of our international cooperation strategy. Therefore, we pay attention to building cooperation not only with universities, but also with schools, — commented Evgeny Sagaydak, Head of the Education Export Department at NSU.

Based on the results of the pilot project, it is planned to replicate the successful experience in other countries where Russian Houses of the Center for Public Diplomacy are already operating – Niger, Guinea, or are planned to open – Ghana, Mali, Libya, Namibia.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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The Mathematics Center in Akademgorodok has launched a podcast about mathematics and mathematicians. The first episode, “Mom, I’m a Mathematician,” was released in June of this year. Its authors are Timur Nasybullov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Deputy Dean Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of NSU, Deputy Director of the Mathematical Center in Akademgorodok, winner of the All-Russian competition of educators "Knowledge.Lecturer", and Daria Lytkina, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Dean of the Mechanics and Mathematics Faculty of NSU, Deputy Director of the Mathematical Center in Akademgorodok, together with guests – leading researchers of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences – discuss various aspects of work in mathematics.

— Several stars aligned, which led to the creation of the podcast. Firstly, one of my main tasks is to develop education and research at the faculty. How to do this? You can open new educational programs and launch new research groups. Since 2019, we have already done a lot of work in this direction, which allowed us to improve the quality of education and increase the amount of research. Now we want to engage in the popularization of our scientific achievements, and the podcast is a small step in this direction. Secondly, as a creative person, I want to create something. Every year I try something new for myself, and this year the choice fell on the podcast. Thirdly, this year I became the winner of the "Knowledge Lecturer" competition and received a cash prize, which I decided to use to record the podcast, ”shared Timur Nasybullov.

The podcast is released once a month. There are currently three episodes.

· In the first issueThe authors discussed the general idea of the podcast, as well as the topics of future episodes: people's relationships with mathematics, love and hate for mathematics, signs of a successful scientist, mathematical Olympiads and awards, the oddities of scientists, scientific tourism, etc.

· In the second issueThe authors talked about the path of a mathematician: school, university, work, scientific problems that mathematicians solve, etc. The guest of the issue was Nikolai Alekseevich Bazhenov, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, head of the research group "Digitalization of mathematical models and classification problems in computability theory" of the Mathematical Center in Akademgorodok.

· In the third issueThe authors discussed women in mathematics: the proportions between men and women in mathematics, the choice of profession, scientific awards, special treatment, etc. The guest of the issue was Maria Aleksandrovna Grechkoseeva, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Head of the Algebra Laboratory at the S. L. Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

— In future episodes, we will definitely talk about mathematical Olympiads, scientific tourism — trips related to the work of a scientist to different cities and countries, we will discuss the hierarchy in the world of science and academic degrees, we will definitely touch on the topic of the relationship between mathematics and applied developments. Now, with Daria Viktorovna, we are planning to record at least 10 episodes, in the future we will look at the audience's response, — Timur Nasybullov added.

To receive notifications about new releases, you can subscribe to podcast playlist, as well as on social networks Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, NSUAnd Mathematical center in Akademgorodok.

Material prepared by: Varvara Frolkina, NSU press service

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Yesterday, Novosibirsk State University hosted a meeting with the president of the InfoWatch group of companies and co-founder of Kaspersky Lab Natalya Kasperskaya, who came to Novosibirsk to participate in the international forum for technological development Technoprom-2025.

During her visit to the university, she became acquainted with the developments of NSU innovation centers, including the Center for Artificial Intelligence, discussed possible options for cooperation with the university and held a meeting with students, teachers and staff of the university, where they discussed a number of current issues in the field of information technology and ensuring Russia's technological sovereignty.

— To develop the information technology industry, we need a developed ecosystem with different layers. This includes the production of element base, our own developed microelectronic industry, and the presence of research centers, laboratories, including in universities, where fundamentally new solutions are created, and, of course, a system for training personnel who are focused on the development of IT here, with us. We practically do not have this ecosystem, domestic microelectronics is dying, it was not so much Russian as foreign companies that invested in education, and a whole generation of specialists grew up who believe that we have nothing of our own, all the optimal solutions and technologies are created in the West. And now we need to do something about it, — Natalya Kasperskaya shared her position.

She admitted that she does not see any quick and easy ways out of the current situation, but noted that certain steps are being taken. At first, the departure of Western companies opened up space for growth for Russian developers, but this growth not only led to a multiple increase in income, but also exacerbated the shortage of personnel in the industry.

— Now the state, represented by the Ministry of Digital Development, intends to stimulate IT companies to more actively participate in the training of future specialists. “Companies with a turnover of over a billion rubles a year have been given a simple condition — if they do not cooperate with universities, they will be deprived of accreditation, which means a significant increase in taxes paid. Moreover, this cooperation cannot be limited to supplying universities with equipment and software. IT companies will be required to send employees to teach at universities, organize internships and invest in research and development,” she explained.

This year, this format will be tested as a pilot at a number of large companies, and from next year it will become mandatory for all those whose revenue exceeds a billion. But this will only affect IT companies that have already firmly established themselves in the market, and will not affect startups.

Also during the meeting, they discussed the prospects for the development of generative artificial intelligence, primarily large language models like ChatGPT. According to Natalya Kaspersky, this technology is greatly overestimated and in the near future it will face a stage of decline and a certain disappointment.

— At first, while the same ChatGPT was trained with texts created by people, it showed impressive results, then, when neural networks began to learn on content generated by other neural networks, the quality began to fall. But if you do not remove people from this process, then the very meaning of using neural networks is lost, — she emphasized. And she suggested that it would be more relevant and useful to focus on the development of other artificial intelligence technologies, in particular, autonomous control systems for unmanned vehicles, the use of AI in processing medical analysis data and other areas where it will take on routine work, but issue recommendations, rather than make decisions.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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On August 27, as part of the international forum for technological development "Technoprom-2025", a joint meeting of the Academies of Sciences of Russia and West African countries "Russia – Sahel: Dialogue of Academies of Sciences" will be held. Such an event is being held for the first time in the history of modern Russia. Its participants will be the heads of the Academies of Sciences of three countries – Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger; the Russian side will be represented by Sergey Aldoshin, Vice President of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Irina Abramova, Director of the Institute of African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; RAS academicians – Chairman of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Valentin Parmon and Rector of NSU Mikhail Fedoruk; Dmitry Savelyev, member of the Committee on International Affairs of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

The main goal of the meeting is to formalize scientific cooperation, exchange experience in the institutional development of academies, and discuss the possibility of implementing joint research initiatives in priority areas for the Sahel states: agriculture, water resources, medicine, renewable energy, and peaceful nuclear energy.

— In the current foreign policy context, the development of institutional ties between the Russian academic community and scientific institutions in African countries, primarily the member states of the Confederation of Sahel States (CSAS): Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is of particular importance. These countries have recently begun to more comprehensively develop their own systems of science and higher education. Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger have young academies of sciences that were created several years ago. Knowing the 300-year history of the development of the Russian Academy of Sciences, they are interested in partnership with us, which will help them coordinate the direction of development of their own scientific sphere, — commented Natalia Krasovskaya, Director of the Center for Public Diplomacy.

The joint meeting will feature Pako Sereme, President of the National Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters of Burkina Faso; Adama Traore, President of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Mali; Yenikoye Alhassan, President of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Niger; and the ambassadors of these republics will also take part in the event.

— Development of cooperation with West African countries in the educational and scientific spheres is one of the important areas of international activity of Novosibirsk State University. In 2024-2025, we have already signed agreements with Thomas Sankara University (Burkina Faso) and Abdou Moumouni University (Niger). Together with the Russian House in Niger, we launched a preparatory department for medical and biological training, and also opened online courses in Russian language at Thomas Sankara University in Burkina Faso. In addition, our university plans to organize scientific internships for young scientists and master's students from Burkina Faso lasting 3-6 months. We are also negotiating with the University of Saint Dominic (USDAO) from Burkina Faso on joint training of medical personnel, — said NSU Rector, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mikhail Fedoruk.

Among the issues planned to be discussed at the meeting:

1. Exchange of scientific personnel, organization of internships for members of African national academies in Russia.

2. Creation of joint scientific laboratories and research centers in the fields of agriculture, water resources, medicine, renewable energy, and in the field of peaceful use of nuclear energy.

3. Participation of African scientists in Russian grant and research programs.

4. Promotion of Russian citation indices and the RAS “white list” as an alternative to the Western model.

5. Implementation of the regional-industry principle of functioning of the academies of sciences of the ACS countries, as the most successful model that has proven itself in Russia.

6. Assistance in the formation of highly qualified personnel for fundamental research in the ACS countries.

The result of the meeting will be the establishment of a regular dialogue between the Academies of Sciences with the Sahel countries and the signing of agreements between scientific institutions of these countries, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Today, the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Siberian Federal District Anatoly Seryshev visited the building of the NSU flow auditoriums, which is one of the second-stage facilities new campus of NSU, being built as part of the national project "Youth and Children". He also familiarized himself with the developments of the university's innovation centers – Research Center in the Field of Artificial Intelligence, Advanced Engineering School, Center for New Functional Materials And Department of Aerospace ResearchMost developments are carried out in cooperation with industrial partners.

During the visit, Anatoly Seryshev emphasized that NSU is a recognized scientific and educational center not only in Siberia, but throughout the country:

— Here, in the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok, a special environment has been formed for decades, ensuring the closest interaction between higher education, fundamental and applied science. Today we saw the embodiment of the results of this cooperation at the university technology exhibition, — the plenipotentiary representative noted.

The Plenipotentiary Representative also drew attention to the high rate of construction of modern buildings on the university campus and their equipping with the latest equipment.

Among the developments presented by the university are video analytics detectors, which are an important element of the security system of modern urban space; a “digital core” project, an innovative tool for increasing the efficiency of extracting hard-to-recover oil and gas reserves; development, assembly and ground testing of orbital equipment based on its own modular satellite platform of the CubeSat format; development of technologies and materials with improved properties by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to their structure.

Rector of NSU, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mikhail Fedoruk, spoke in more detail about the opportunities that the new campus opens up:

— The building of the flow auditoriums has a modern educational space: it houses a scientific library, a student project center, and coworking spaces. We have also significantly expanded the auditorium fund: the new building has four flow auditoriums, one of which is for 400 people, which is the largest auditorium at the university. Classes in the new building will begin on September 1.

The rector also presented preliminary results of the admissions campaign, focusing on the growth in the number of applications – by 17% this year. NSU maintains the highest passing score among non-capital universities – in 2025, the average USE score for the main competition for admission to budget places was 85. The university expanded its geography: this year, NSU admitted applicants from 64 regions (last year there were 58). Another feature of the current admissions campaign: the university has tripled the number of students enrolled under a separate quota (children of SVO participants) – up to 93 people from 21 subjects of the Russian Federation.

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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The discovery of a new class of chemical compounds, the study of general trends in the change of the atomic structures of carbonates was the result of a ten-year study conducted by Associate Professor Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University Pavel Gavryushkin.

Back in November, the scientist successfully defended his doctoral dissertation "Crystal chemistry of carbonates under extreme pressures and temperatures based on the results of a comprehensive theoretical and experimental study." The defense took place at the Academic Council of Lomonosov Moscow State University and was the result of a comprehensive study that combined the efforts of both Russian and foreign theorists and experimenters. In June, the diploma conferring the academic degree of Doctor of Chemical Sciences to Pavel Gavryushkin was personally presented by the rector of Moscow State University, Academician Viktor Antonovich Sadovnichy.

Subduction is a geological process in which one oceanic plate moves (geologists say "dives") under a continental plate, thus sinking into the depths of the Earth's mantle. This process occurs in deep-sea trenches that run along the boundaries of continents.

It is difficult to establish exactly how deep this submersion occurs; available geophysical and geochemical data indicate that subducting oceanic plates can reach the lower mantle and even the mantle-core boundary. During this submersion, carbonates deposited on the surfaces of oceanic plates experience enormous pressures of up to 125 GPa and temperatures of up to 300 K. At such pressures, minerals undergo a variety of phase transformations, including melting and decomposition; the resulting carbon dioxide can return to the atmosphere during the eruption of volcanoes in island-arc complexes that form along the boundaries of subduction zones. Due to the extremely high pressures and temperatures, the study of these transitions requires special equipment or special modeling methods, which are usually performed on supercomputers.

— As part of my research, I set a goal — to determine how the atomic structures of carbonates will change under high pressures and temperatures. The structures they have in near-surface conditions are well known and have been studied for over 100 years, but what happens to it in the Earth's mantle, especially in its lower horizons, has only recently begun to be studied, and many questions remained. But to establish this, it is necessary to either compress and heat a carbonate sample to high pressures and temperatures, or simulate the process on a computer. The first option is expensive, labor-intensive and requires the use of synchrotrons, presses, diamond cells, etc. The second method also has its limitations, but it is still more flexible and less expensive. As part of my dissertation, I both performed calculations and conducted experiments. Several times I managed to implement an ideal scheme, when the calculation yields a very interesting result and it is precisely confirmed in the experiment. This does not always happen, but it cannot be said that it is rare. In general, the theory and calculations have now reached a high level of reliability, and if everything is done correctly, they can be trusted when planning an experiment. In particular, with the help of calculations, we were able to consider a wide range of carbonates, including Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, which allowed us to generalize the general patterns of structural changes that occur at high pressures to them, – said Pavel Gavryushkin.

The research was conducted over a period of 10 years, some experiments, especially those involving synchrotron radiation, were conducted jointly with foreign colleagues from Japan, Slovenia, Sweden, the USA and Germany. Breakthrough results in the synthesis of orthocarbonates predicted by the scientist were obtained jointly with colleagues from Goethe University (Germany, Frankfurt am Main) and the GFZ center (Potsdam). As part of this study, Pavel Gavryushkin and his colleagues showed that in the high-pressure region, carbonates can react with oxides, yielding orthocarbonates. This was predicted by theoretical methods and subsequently confirmed in numerous experiments.

— It was possible to establish that in carbonates, under high pressure and high temperature, a rearrangement of atoms occurs, somewhat similar to that which occurs when graphite is transformed into diamond. In carbonate, as in graphite, carbon has a triangular coordination, and in orthocarbonate, as in diamond, it has a tetrahedral coordination. We assume that the reaction of formation of orthocarbonates, in particular magnesium orthocarbonate, can not only be carried out in idealized laboratory conditions, but can also take place in the deep shells of the Earth, fundamentally influencing the global carbon cycle.

The use of computational methods allowed us to move purposefully in setting up the experiment and concentrate on promising results. New phases stable at high pressures were discovered for CaCO3, SrCO3, BaCO3, PbCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3 and FeCO3, the possibility of forming orthocarbonates as a result of the reaction of carbonates and oxides in the region of high pressures and temperatures was shown, and the existence of pyrocarbonate structures of CaC2O5 and BaC2O5 and orthooxalate for FeC2O5 was revealed. Pavel Gavryushkin's colleagues noted the novelty of this study for high-pressure crystallography and its significant contribution to modern crystal chemistry of inorganic compounds, which was enriched with examples of new types of structures containing orthooxalate [O3C–CO3] groups, pyrocarbonate [C2O5] groups, and tetrahedral [CO4] groups.

— In the theoretical part of the study, first-principles methods of structure prediction based on evolutionary approaches and random structure generation were used to determine the structure of high-pressure phases and construct their phase diagrams. Energy optimization in all cases was carried out within the framework of the density functional theory. The lattice dynamics method within the quasi-harmonic approximation was used to calculate the Gibbs free energies. The dynamic stability of the phases was estimated by calculating the phonon dispersion curves. In some cases, molecular dynamics modeling was also carried out. The VASP, USPEX, Phonopy, and ToposPro software packages were used to conduct the research. All this together allowed for a reliable prediction of new structures stable at high pressures, — the scientist said.

The main part of the experiments on the synthesis of the predicted structures was carried out at high pressures using the synchrotron radiation sources Spring8 (Japan), APS (USA), DESY (Germany) and the Siberian Center for Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation (Russia). The experiments were carried out in diamond cells and in multi-punch apparatuses.

X-ray diffraction analysis of powder and single-crystal samples, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to diagnose phases in the high-pressure region. Sample compositions were determined using microprobe analysis and scanning electron microscopy.

— The data we have obtained expands the existing knowledge about the global processes that occur in the depths of our planet. Now we know more about what happens to carbonates when they are immersed to depth. Man has so far managed to drill only to a depth of 12.2 km. This is the depth of the Kola Superdeep Borehole. In our calculations and experiments, we went to a depth of 3,000 km and made a forecast of what might happen to carbonates there. It is possible to study the structure of the Earth using seismic methods, shining sound waves through the thickness of the earth. These methods say very little about the properties of the substance and say nothing about its composition and structure. This information must be obtained from an experiment, from a calculation, or from natural samples. Each of these sources of information has both serious advantages and serious disadvantages, and only their combined use can truly expand our knowledge of the structure of the Earth. I hope that the theoretical and experimental data I have obtained will allow us to at least make a little progress on this path, — concluded Pavel Gavryushkin.

Material prepared by: Elena Panfilo, NSU press service

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Source: Novosibirsk State University –

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Over the years, more than 240 people have graduated from it. Among them are business owners and top managers. Its director, director of the Center for Continuing Education at NSU, Doctor of Economics, professor Vera Markova tells us how the program developed, what principles underlie it and what its features are.

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