April 1, 2026: Spring Cruises with a 20% Discount. Only nine cruises on the Ivan Bunin and Pavel Mironov ships are available with a 20% discount. Departure cities: Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Kazan, Volgograd, and Saratov.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Infoflot Cruise Center – Infoflot Cruise Center –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dear friends,

The start of the navigation season not only means a long-awaited reunion with your favorite ships, but also the opportunity to take a cruise at an attractive price. A special 20% discount is available for April cruises on the Ivan Bunin and Pavel Mironov ships only.

Departure cities: Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Kazan, Volgograd, Saratov.

Spring Thaw campaign:

20% discount – for select cruises on the Ivan Bunin and Pavel Mironov ships. Cruise prices on our website include the promotional discount; full payment is due during the promotional period, for new bookings only – from April 1 to 24, 2026. The "2000 ruble discount on a ticket" promotion is also valid for cruises from Rostov-on-Don! Learn more.

About the motor ships "Ivan Bunin" and "Pavel Mironov":

In the cities along the route, you'll discover new and interesting places, and on board the Ivan Bunin, you'll find everything you need for a pleasant stay: a small pool and sunbathing areas on the sun deck, three bars, a restaurant, a concert hall, a reading lounge, exercise equipment, and a sauna.

During the ship's complete modernization, an emphasis was placed on the environmental safety of the vessel itself and the materials used. After the interior was renovated, using precious woods and other eco-friendly materials, the ship even became known as "Switzerland on the Water."

For the 2024 navigation season, the ship's two-room "Lux" cabins have been updated, as well as furniture in the concert hall and pool area. A tea station with cozy sofas has been installed, and a children's club has been equipped for the youngest travelers.

At your service on board the motor ship "Pavel Mironov" are: cabins of various categories for comfortable accommodation of 1 to 4 people, an open solarium on the sun deck, a bar, two restaurants, a conference room, a lounge area for reading, a sauna, a tea station, and a medical center.

Every day on the cruise, you'll enjoy a rich entertainment program to suit all tastes and ages: board games, team games, interactive shows, themed workshops, dance lessons, concerts and musical evenings, creative workshops, talks and lectures, films and cartoons.

The youngest travellers are also entertained by a professional team of animators.

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

April 1, 2026. Luxury Time promotion: cabins from Standard to Luxury with up to 5% discount. Choose your cabin on cruises on the ships Alexandra, Anton Chekhov, Volga Star, General Lavrinenkov, Igor Stravinsky, Maxim Litvinov, Sergei Diaghilev, and Quiet Flows the Don.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Infoflot Cruise Center – Infoflot Cruise Center –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dear friends,

What could be better than starting your day with picturesque river views? Spacious cabins, balconies and panoramic windows, modern and stylish interiors – your hotel travels with you! All you have to do is choose your route and save up to 5%.

Motor ships: "Alexandra", "Anton Chekhov", "Volga Star", "General Lavrinenkov", "Igor Stravinsky", "Maxim Litvinov", "Sergey Diaghilev", "Quiet Flows the Don".

Lux-Time Promotion:

Up to 5% off depending on your cabin category on select 2026 cruises; cruise prices on our website reflect the current offer for the given voyage; promotion valid from April 1st to 15th, for new bookings only; cannot be combined with other discounts and promotions listed on the voyage, with the exception of the "2 for 1" promotion and the child rate when the child occupies a separate berth; installment cruises: 50% prepayment within 7 calendar (5 business) days of booking, the remainder no later than 30 days before the cruise.

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Oversized sea cargo transportation.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Oversized cargo transportation by sea: when size matters and professionalism is the deciding factor.

In the world of industrial logistics, there's a special category of cargo that defies standard transportation concepts. It's too large, too heavy, too valuable, or too complex for conventional shipping. This is the world of oversized cargo, where every project is unique, and the cost of a mistake isn't measured in rubles, but in disrupted production cycles and multi-million dollar losses. And it's here that the logistics company KMZ Cargo demonstrates capabilities that few other market players can match.

From a defense holding to a logistics leader.

The history of KMZ Cargo is unique in the Russian transportation services market. The company didn't simply enter the logistics market; it grew out of the needs of the largest defense industry holding company, Kingisepp Machine-Building Plant (KMZ), which is part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation and serves the Russian Ministry of Defense.

As the company's CEO, Tatyana Damaskina, notes, the creation of its own logistics structure was dictated by urgent need: "We had to constantly search for carriers willing to transport products from point A to point B within the required timeframe. Finding high-quality transportation with a high level of service is difficult: sometimes, just to find out the status of a shipment's delivery, we had to spend several days calling the responsible manager."

The decision to establish our own transport company was a strategically sound move. Today, KMZ Cargo is more than just a carrier, but a fully-fledged logistics operator with all the necessary expertise to handle cargo of any complexity, including oversized sea freight.

Oversized maritime logistics: a special level of complexity.

Transportation of oversized cargo Sea transport is perhaps the most complex type of logistics operation. Unlike road or rail transport, where the route can be adjusted relatively quickly, sea shipping requires synchronizing port operations, selecting a specialized fleet, obtaining dozens of permits, and taking into account numerous factors—from weather conditions to the geopolitical situation.

KMZ Cargo approaches these challenges from a system operator perspective. As a subsidiary of a mechanical engineering holding company, the company's specialists have firsthand experience handling heavy and oversized components. The company's portfolio includes the transportation of boats, yachts, ships, diesel generators, test rigs, and other industrial products.

From India to the Far East: the geography of maritime transport.

Geography sea transportationKMZ Cargo's services cover both domestic and international routes. A key focus of the company's operations is transportation to the Kaliningrad region, which, due to its geographic location and sanctions, is cut off from land transport routes.

The international business is also actively developing. The company has experience transporting large consignments of industrial equipment from the Vologda Region to Indonesia, organizes cargo flights to India, and carries out container shipments from India to Russia for major manufacturers. Importing foreign containers requires special attention to customs procedures: the company's specialists carefully consider whether the cargo will be cleared at the port or at a temporary storage warehouse, and select the licensed transport accordingly.

Handling imported cargo includes mandatory technical inspection of containers. If damage is discovered during transfer, a report is drawn up detailing the nature and extent of the defects. After delivery and unloading, empty containers are returned to the warehouse in strict accordance with the shipping agent's instructions.

Multimodality as a key to efficiency.

One of the key competencies of KMZ Cargo is organization multimodal transportationWhen multiple modes of transport are involved in the logistics chain, this is especially important when delivering cargo to remote regions where direct sea transport is unavailable or economically impractical.

A recent cargo delivery from Magadan to Vladivostok is a case in point. There is no direct road connection between these cities, so the company's specialists had to develop a combined route: the cargo was sent in a container by truck to the port, loaded onto a ship, and then reloaded onto a truck again at the port of discharge.

A unique feature of this shipment was that the Magadan Region is a special economic zone. In addition to the standard customs documentation, a declaration of conformity with the Eurasian Economic Union and the Customs Union was required—a requirement many shippers are unaware of. KMZ Cargo specialists notified the client in advance of the need for these documents, thereby avoiding border delays.

Quality control at all stages.

When handling oversized cargo by sea, the quality of interaction with port terminals is critical. KMZ Cargo has established connections with ports and railway terminals, including those in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, enabling it to handle both domestic and import/export shipments.

The company offers door-to-door delivery services. Clients simply need to inform the location of their cargo, and KMZ Cargo's specialists will handle the rest: packaging, loading, transportation, customs clearance, and final delivery to the recipient.

Each client is assigned a personal manager who is available 24/7 and knows the location of their cargo at any time, both in Russia and worldwide. Cargo movement is monitored around the clock.

Advantages of working with KMZ Cargo.

Originating in industry. The company understands the specifics of working with technically complex equipment firsthand – it faces these challenges daily while serving the needs of its parent holding company. Cost-effectiveness. Thanks to direct contracts with carriers and in-house sales departments for partner airlines, the company ensures below-market shipping rates. For example, savings on air freight reach at least 25% compared to working through agents. A full range of services. The company handles the entire process: from packaging and loading to customs clearance and final delivery. Clients don't need to interact with dozens of contractors – a single responsible person is sufficient. Transparency and control. The company's own business processes are configured to ensure that cargo is never held up, lost, or idle. Every stage of transportation is monitored, ensuring the fastest and most seamless delivery possible.

Conclusion

Oversized cargo shipping by sea is a field where there are no casual players. Every successful project requires not just transportation or port connections, but a systematic approach, in-depth expertise, and full responsibility for the outcome.

KMZ Cargo, which grew out of the needs of one of the country's largest industrial holdings, now offers this level of service to all its clients. The company is ready to handle tasks of any complexity – from delivering flowers from Armenia to transporting nuclear reactor parts. And as practice shows, the company's slogan, "We'll transport everything: from a raccoon to a nuclear reactor," is not a marketing ploy but a promise backed by action.

With KMZ Cargo, your cargo is always safe, wherever it is—at the loading port, on the high seas, or in the recipient's warehouse. The company operates 24/7, monitors cargo movement around the clock, and guarantees that cargo size will never become an issue, but rather just another task that our professionals will resolve on time.

Publication date: 03/26/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

March 25, 2026. 2026 cruises on Sozvezdie ships: early booking benefits and other promotions. Book new cruises and favorite itineraries with seasonal discounts of up to 8% before March 31. 35% prepayment, balance due 30 days before the cruise.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Infoflot Cruise Center – Infoflot Cruise Center –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dear friends,

The 2026 cruise season is just around the corner, but you can still find a cruise with great early booking deals.

We present cruises along the rivers of Russia on ships from our general partner, the cruise company "Sozvezdie": "Northern Fairytale."

Benefits of early booking:

Seasonal discount of up to 7% – when booking cruises from February 16 to March 31, 2026 on the ships "Rossiya", "Lights of the Big City", "The Little Prince", "Moonlight Sonata", "Swan Lake", "Symphony of the North", "Alexander Benois" and "N.A. Nekrasov". Seasonal discount of up to 8% – when booking cruises from February 16 to March 31, 2026 on the ship "Northern Fairy Tale".

The prices of cruises on our website include the current seasonal discount.

A 35% advance payment secures the price with a seasonal discount; the remainder is due no later than 60 days before the cruise on the Severnaya Skazka motor ship or no later than 30 days before the cruise on all other Sozvezdie motor ships.

Your additional benefits that apply along with the seasonal discount:

Children under 14 years of age travel free in extra beds; 15% discount for children up to and including 14 years of age in regular berths; 8% discount for newlyweds and couples celebrating a wedding anniversary in 2026 that is a multiple of 5 years; 8% discount for birthday celebrants (if the cruise time coincides with 5 days before and after the birthday); 5% discount for pensioners.

You can find out the rules for applying discounts and possible restrictions on the page of your selected cruise or from the Infoflot cruise center staff.

CHOOSE A CRUISE 2026

What special flights await you in the 2026 navigation season:

To Perm along the Volga and Kama

The Moscow-Perm-Moscow cruise on the "Little Prince" is an opportunity to admire the vast river landscapes and compare the spring views of both rivers. On the way to Perm, you'll visit Myshkin, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yelabuga, and Sarapul, and on the return trip, you'll visit Tchaikovsky, Chistopol, Cheboksary, Chkalovsk, Kostroma, and Dubna.

Cruise dates: May 4–18, 2026.

"Giant on the White"

A 10-day cruise along the Volga, Kama, and Belaya rivers on the Rossiya motor ship is a unique opportunity to reach Ufa on a large four-deck vessel, as entering the capital of Bashkortostan on a ship of this size is only possible during short periods of high water.

Stunning views await you: on one bank are the mountains of the Southern Urals, on the other – endless steppes filled with the aromas of wormwood and flowering meadows.

Cruise dates: April 28 – May 7, 2026.

The Great Volga

On a single cruise on the "City Lights" motor ship, you can visit over 20 Volga locations from Moscow to Astrakhan. During this three-week unforgettable journey to southern Russia, you'll experience all the beauty of the great Russian river: from ancient kremlins and merchant mansions to the southern expanses where the Volga meets the Caspian Sea.

Cruise dates: July 2–22, 2026.

Along the Volga and Sura

Forests, sandbars, steep banks—diverse and picturesque landscapes await anyone who decides to explore one of the Volga's longest tributaries, the Sura River. Navigating one of Russia's most winding rivers requires exceptional crew skills. During your journey on the Rossiya, you'll also see the main Volga cities, which are sure to surprise you.

Cruise dates: May 28 – June 8, 2026.

Tour to the Solovetsky Islands and "Treasures of Karelia"

We invite you to visit the mysterious and remote Solovetsky Islands on a cruise aboard the comfortable ship "Rossiya." You'll have two full days to discover the history of these places. You'll visit the Solovetsky Kremlin, discover the secrets of petroglyphs and stone labyrinths, climb to the tallest lighthouse on the White Sea, and simply enjoy the inspiring atmosphere of the Russian North.

Travelers who take the "Treasures of Karelia" cruise (without the Solovki tour) will enjoy an extended excursion program in Petrozavodsk.

Cruise dates: July 4–14, 2026.

Miracles of Samara Bend

Samara Bend is not only a specially protected natural area but also one of the most beautiful places in Russia and the largest bend of the Volga, with picturesque landscapes and the unique nature of the Zhiguli Mountains. As part of the cruise, the ship "Rossiya" will dock in the Usa River and reach a place where, in ancient times, a 200-kilometer shortcut along the Volga around the Zhiguli Mountains was used, using a two-kilometer portage.

You will also visit: Bogatyrskaya Sloboda, where the traditions of Ancient Rus' come to life; the village of Shiryaevo, which inspired Ilya Repin's famous painting "Barge Haulers on the Volga"; Vinnovka; and the Holy Mother of God Kazan Monastery, one of the most striking modern architectural landmarks in the Samara Region.

Cruise dates: May 14–27, 2026.

St. Petersburg Seasons of Swan Lake

For those wishing to explore the beauty and sights of Karelia, the Swan Lake cruise ship will offer three 8-day cruises in June and August. These cruises begin and end in St. Petersburg and include visits to the Ruskeala marble quarry, Kizhi Island, Petrozavodsk, Svirstroy, Staraya Ladoga, and the village of Mandrogi.

Cruise dates: August 2–9, 2026.

Theatres of St. Petersburg, Karelia, and Vologda Oblast and Theatre Volga

During the 2026 navigation season, the Moonlight Sonata's theater cruises will feature two acts: "Theaters of St. Petersburg, Karelia, and the Vologda Region" and "Theatre Volga." You'll enjoy theater evenings in cities along the Volga River, from Moscow to Astrakhan and St. Petersburg. Cruise participants will be able to see performances in theaters in Petrozavodsk, Cherepovets, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Cheboksary, Saratov, and Astrakhan.

Cruise dates: October 4–17, 2026.

Election Day

Unlike traditional cruises, each participant becomes a co-creator of the journey. Guests on the Little Prince will vote on their stops along the route, the onboard entertainment, and even the "Captain's Dinner" menu. The only constants are the starting and ending points (Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod) and the daily care provided by the cruise line Sozvezdie.

Cruise dates: October 7–11, 2026

Highlights of "Constellation"

With this cruise from Astrakhan to Nizhny Novgorod, the Moonlight Sonata concludes its 2026 voyage. Travelers will be treated to the highlights of the entire voyage—something the creators of the Constellation cruises themselves enjoyed in the entertainment program, food, and excursions.

Cruise dates: October 17-25, 2026.

Ladoga Around the World

This route on the "Symphony of the North" cruise ship is perfect for those who enjoy short but action-packed trips. Over six days, you'll see the highlights of Europe's largest lake: the Ruskeala marble canyon, the Konevets and Valaam islands, the Oreshek fortress, and the Old Ladoga fortress. Karelia's unique natural beauty, historical landmarks, and the peaceful atmosphere of the cruise will provide you with an unforgettable travel experience.

Cruise dates: August 23–28, 2026.

In the Footsteps of the First Secret Cruise

In 2026, the motor ship "N.A. Nekrasov" will launch a spectacular route between Nizhny Novgorod and Samara, replicating the legendary voyage of the motor ship "Rossiya," with landings and excursions in places where cruise ships typically don't stop: Bogatyrskaya Sloboda, Undory, Sengiley, and Innopolis.

Cruise dates: May 15–22, 2026.

"Trousers"

The beloved "Shtany" route is more than just a cruise to the south, but a fascinating journey through the centuries, introducing you to the distinctive regions, traditions, and cultures of Russia's diverse peoples. Each city along the route is a page in our country's history. From Moscow, the N.A. Nekrasov cruises along the Volga to Astrakhan and along the Volga-Don Canal to Rostov-on-Don.

Cruise dates: September 10 – October 4, 2026.

Northern Treasures

Eight centuries of Russian history and the full beauty of the Russian North can be experienced on cruises aboard the ships "N.A. Nekrasov" and "Alexander Benois." Unique tent-like architecture, endless lakes, traditional crafts, peasant utensils, and the famous "painted skies" of wooden churches—all this awaits those who embark on a cruise in search of northern treasures.

Cruise dates: July 29 – August 4, 2026.

"An Extraordinary Journey Along Five Rivers"

This route follows five completely different rivers: the Volga, Kama, Oka, Vyatka, and Belaya. Each boasts its own unique landscapes.

Departing from Nizhny Novgorod, the Alexander Benois will reach Murom, a rare stopover on the Oka River, visit Vyatskiye Polyany and Mamadysh on the Vyatka River, sail to Ufa along the Belaya River, and Yelabuga along the Kama River. The cruise's unusual geography and rich itinerary will fully reveal the beauty of river travel, as well as the history and culture of Russia's various regions.

Cruise dates: April 28 – May 11, 2026.

Old Estates

A cruise on the Alexander Benois motor ship with a unique excursion program in Tver, Yaroslavl, and Kineshma, where you can visit ancient noble estates and learn about the heritage and everyday life of Russia's aristocratic families. Alternatively, travelers can opt for a standard excursion program.

Cruise dates: May 17–24, 2026.

"Pearls of the Volga and Kama"

On this voyage, the motor ship "Alexander Benois" will sail up the Kama River above Perm, through a six-chamber lock and the beautiful Kama Reservoir to Berezniki, a rarity for cruises.

Along the way, you'll visit the most important cities of the Kama and Volga regions, and also take an excursion to Solikamsk, a city where, within a small area, there are over a dozen temples, churches, and monasteries, almost all of which are recognized as architectural monuments.

Cruise dates: June 13–29, 2026.

"The Tale of Wanderings"

This 31-day cruise will take place on the ship "Alexander Benois": three great rivers—the Volga, Kama, and Don—and dozens of cities along the route Moscow–Perm–Rostov-on-Don–Astrakhan–Moscow—all in one voyage. This cruise will be a truly epic journey, created especially for you.

Cruise dates: August 11 – September 10, 2026.

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Access only by list: Russia changes rules for vessel entry for container giants.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The draft presidential decree allows only carriers with a Russian stake of over 50%, their own fleet, and consent to Russian jurisdiction to operate on routes to Russian ports. Of the ten largest global operators, only MSC is exempt.

The draft presidential decree introduces a set of restrictions on the operation of container shipping lines calling at Russian ports. The document allows only Russian-controlled companies operating their own fleet and agreeing to Russian jurisdiction over disputes to engage in such shipping. Of the ten largest global container operators, only the Swiss Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) is not included in the exemption list, Kommersant reports.

According to the draft decree, which the publication's sources have reviewed, a company associated with an unfriendly country will be required to comply with a set of six conditions in order to conduct regular foreign trade sea container shipping calling at least at one Russian port.

According to the document, the ship owner, carrier, and line operator must be registered under Russian law. The ultimate Russian beneficiary's share in the company structure must exceed 50%. The Ministry of Transport's proposed position, incorporated into the draft, stipulates a requirement for vessel and ship owner liability insurance with Russian companies or reinsurance in Russia.

The draft decree also includes a provision on consent to the arbitration of disputes in Russian courts if the plaintiff chooses such jurisdiction. Furthermore, carriers are required to prioritize the acceptance and transportation of sanctioned cargo, as well as cargo from sanctioned senders or recipients.

As follows from the draft's appendix, a separate condition is the requirement that vessels operating on the line be owned by the operator. Transportation along the entire route from the country of origin of the goods to the Russian Federation and back must be carried out exclusively by the operator's own vessels.

Ten companies are included in the list of entities with which ship owners, carriers, or operators are prohibited from contacting. According to the document, the list includes Danish Maersk, French CMA CGM, German Hapag-Lloyd and BREB, Dutch Samskip, Hong Kong OOCL, British X-Press Container Line (UK) Limited, Korean KMTC and HMM, and Japanese ONE. MSC, the world's largest container carrier, is not included.

Lawyers interviewed by the publication noted the ambiguity in the document's wording regarding the specific restrictions that apply to companies on the list. A corporate lawyer, who wished to remain anonymous, points out that the literal wording—"is not a person directly or indirectly owned, managed, used, or otherwise controlled"—implies an outright ban. He believes that a literal interpretation would prohibit any participation, even minority stakes, in listed entities. At the same time, as follows from the draft text, the Ministry of Transport is granted the authority to issue temporary permits for transactions with such entities.

A Kommersant source in the industry, familiar with the logic behind the document's preparation, explains that the initiative's goal is to restrict access to "unfriendly" linear services and replace them with lines under Russian corporate, property, insurance, and procedural control.

Another industry source told the publication that the draft's provisions could create obstacles to the development of container shipping. He believes that, given the current level of development of national shipping companies and their limited geographic reach, replacing the capacity of global operators is virtually impossible. He added that this threatens to reduce vessel calls at domestic ports and redistribute cargo flows in favor of international hubs. A Kommersant source in the port industry estimates a potential decline in container terminal utilisation at 40-60%.

A Kommersant source among shippers notes that if the initiative is implemented, the main victims will be Russian exporters and importers, who will lose the ability to attract partners even from friendly countries.

A Kommersant source points out that strict requirements for Russian registration, ultimate beneficial owner control, and vessel ownership limit market access for a wide range of foreign operators. They explain that to ensure Russia's cargo turnover, a large-capacity container fleet is necessary, which is often the subject of investment agreements between carriers and banks that prohibit changes in ownership.

Another Kommersant source calls the ownership clause a radical tightening of the current legal framework. He believes this formula should be expanded to include legal ownership, allowing for the use of vessels through leasing or charter.

Furthermore, as the publication's source notes, the requirement for transportation exclusively by own vessels limits the use of multimodal schemes involving partner lines and feeder operators. In some ports, according to the source, this makes transshipment impossible due to technical constraints.

A Kommersant source in the industry draws attention to the provision requiring the mandatory transportation of sanctioned cargo. He warns that, given the extraterritorial nature of the sanctions, this requirement could lead to the blocking of such cargo at foreign ports and, consequently, the complete closure of carriers' operations.

Kommersant's sources propose relaxing a number of requirements. These include allowing the use of chartered vessels, which, according to their information, currently transports the majority of Russian container cargo. They also believe it would be appropriate to make the requirements regarding the Russian shareholding more flexible for operators willing to provide priority service to Russian cargo and subject it to the jurisdiction of Russian courts. Furthermore, the publication's sources propose expanding the Ministry of Transport's authority to issue temporary permits to operators that do not fully comply with the draft requirements.

As a reminder, Western companies control almost three-quarters of global container shipping. Just three operators—Danish Maersk, Swiss-Italian Mediterranean Shipping Company, and French CMA CGM—combined to account for over 45% of the container capacity market. Carriers from the world's major shipping countries, with the exception of China's COSCO, which is among the top five, significantly lag behind them in terms of global reach. LR

Read more:http://logirus.ru/nevs/transport/pass_only_by_list_Russia_changes_rules_of_ship_entry_for_container_giants.html

Publication date: 03/23/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Delivery of any cargo to Bilibino.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Air freight to Bilibino: How KMZ Cargo solves Chukotka's number one logistics challenge.

Bilibino is often called the most expensive and one of the most difficult to access cities in Russia. Situated deep in Chukotka, on the International Date Line, it is the first city on the planet to greet the new day. But the city's main problem isn't its geographic location, but how to get cargo there. Bringing anything to Bilibino is a real challenge, requiring professional knowledge, experience, and reliable partners.

Logistics company KMZ Cargo, a subsidiary of the defense industry holding company Kingisepp Machine-Building Plant, offers an effective solution to this complex task – air freight delivery to Bilibino with full door-to-door support.

Bilibino: Why cargo delivery is a special mission here.

Bilibino is located hundreds of kilometers from the coast and has no direct access to major transportation routes. The nearest airport is Keperveyem, 35 kilometers from the city. This is where planes arrive from the mainland, and where the final stage of delivery begins.

The approximate cost of air freight to Bilibino is currently around 570 rubles per kilogram. However, this is only the base price—after landing, the cargo must travel another 35 kilometers on local roads, which incurs additional costs. Furthermore, air freight is primarily used for transporting perishable goods such as fruits, vegetables, eggs, and dairy products, as other modes of transportation take too long.

Alternative delivery routes appear even more complex:

The Northern Sea Route via Pevek – cargo is first delivered by sea from Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, or Vladivostok, then traversed by truck for 650 kilometers of rugged gravel roads with countless fords up to two meters deep. The journey from Pevek takes anywhere from three days to several weeks, depending on river water levels. Delivery via Magadan – in winter, along a winter road – costs approximately one and a half million rubles by truck and takes from a week to a month. The Kolyma River route – cargo is first transported to the village of Seymchan (500 km from Magadan, 1,700 km from Yakutsk), then 1,500 km by barge over two weeks, and then another 260 km by truck.

That's why air freight remains the most reliable and efficient method of transporting goods to Bilibino, especially for goods with limited shelf life and critical deliveries.

KMZ Cargo: Competencies for work in Arctic conditions.

Since its founding, KMZ Cargo has specialized in the transportation of non-standard cargo. Today, it is a major logistics operator, handling all types of transportation: automobile, aviation, sea and river, railway And multimodal.

The company's CEO, Tatyana Damaskina, notes: "Now, what would seem to be a very young company, is already capable of transporting, without exaggeration, all types of cargo: from flowers and animals to engines and parts of nuclear reactors."

Experience handling industrial and oversized cargo, including transportation for the defense industry, has enabled KMZ Cargo to develop unique competencies necessary for working in challenging logistics environments.

How KMZ Cargo organizes air freight to Bilibino.

A comprehensive door-to-door approach. KMZ Cargo handles the entire transportation process. Simply inform the client of the cargo's location – our specialists will arrive, pack, pick up, and deliver it directly to the recipient in Bilibino. Multimodal solutions. Taking into account the specifics of the route, KMZ Cargo develops an optimal delivery plan, combining various modes of transport. This can include: Direct air delivery to Keperveyem Airport followed by road transport to Bilibino. A combined route using rail transport to the departure airport. Complex multimodal schemes involving sea transport for oversized cargo. Full documentation support. Air transportation to remote regions requires careful document preparation. KMZ Cargo provides full support in preparing: Bills of lading. Customs documents (for international shipments). Special permits, if necessary. The company has experience with quarantine, phytosanitary control, and other types of government oversight. Oversight is ensured at all stages. Each client is assigned a personal manager who is always available and knows the status of their cargo. KMZ Cargo ensures 24/7 cargo monitoring, which is especially important when shipping to Arctic regions with unpredictable weather conditions.

Advantages of working with KMZ Cargo.

Reliability and safety – professional drivers and meticulous vehicle maintenance guarantee the safety of your cargo. Experience in handling sensitive cargo – being a subsidiary of a defense industry holding company fulfilling state defense contracts – confirms our high level of process organization. Flexibility in solving non-standard problems – the company is ready to handle requests of any complexity and finds solutions even in the most challenging situations. A one-stop shop for all types of transportation – clients don't need to search for different contractors for different stages of the route: KMZ Cargo handles the entire chain.

Prospects for the development of air traffic with Bilibino.

Starting in 2027, the region's aviation capabilities are expected to expand. KMZ Cargo, a resident of the Russian Arctic zone, is launching helicopter passenger and cargo transportation in Chukotka. The company's fleet will include 10 Mi-8 helicopters, and it will be based in Bilibino.

The city is constructing a helipad, which will create additional opportunities for cargo delivery to central Chukotka along the following routes: Bilibino-Pevek-Omolon-Markovo-Ilerney-Peschanka-Kupol.

KMZ Cargo, with its experience in organizing complex multimodal transportation, is ready to integrate these new capabilities into its logistics schemes, offering clients even more flexible and efficient solutions.

Conclusion.

Air freight delivery to Bilibino is a task that requires not just logistical expertise, but a deep understanding of the specifics of Arctic shipping, reliable partnerships with air carriers, and flawless organization at every stage.

The logistics company KMZ Cargo combines the expertise of a major industrial holding company, experience handling critical and oversized cargo, and a customer-focused approach, providing door-to-door delivery with 24/7 monitoring.

With KMZ Cargo, your cargo will arrive in Bilibino quickly, safely, and with minimal administrative hassle, whether you need to deliver perishable goods, industrial equipment, or other critical cargo.

To calculate the cost of air freight to Bilibino and receive detailed advice, please contact KMZ Cargo managers.

Publication date: 03/23/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Development of logistics in the Far North: the role of the Obskaya-Bovanenkovo-Karskaya railway.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Given the harsh Arctic climate and limited infrastructure, efficient logistics is key to developing the region's most remote and abundant resources. The Obskaya-Bovanenkovo-Karskaya railway is a prime example of how modern transportation solutions support the implementation of large-scale infrastructure and oil and gas projects in Yamal.

Why does logistics play a crucial role?

Cargo delivery to hard-to-reach areas. The Arctic Railway enables the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo, materials, equipment, and resources necessary for field development, in the shortest possible time and at minimal cost. Reliability in extreme weather conditions. Engineering solutions, including specially reinforced bridges, stations, and snow protection structures, ensure uninterrupted operation even in severe winter frosts, significantly increasing the efficiency of supply chains. Integration with ground and air transport. In regions with limited road networks, rail infrastructure becomes the primary link, while additional assets—TREKOL all-terrain vehicles—ensure cargo delivery to the most remote locations. Accelerated resource development. Reliable logistics allows oil and gas companies to promptly respond to production needs and ensure a constant supply, which is critical for the successful development of fields.

What makes this railway unique for logistics?

– Well-thought-out engineering infrastructure designed for operation in the conditions of the Far North.

– Use of modern technologies for year-round operation.

– The introduction of vehicles adapted to extreme conditions – TREKOL all-terrain vehicles – expands the region’s logistics capabilities.

A look into the future

The construction and operation of the Obskaya-Bovanenkovo-Karskaya railway serves as a benchmark for the development of logistics infrastructure in the Arctic region. Every kilometer of this road represents not only technological prowess but also strategic importance for Russia, which continues to strengthen its position in the development of the harsh North.

The implementation of modern logistics solutions and the integration of transport and infrastructure make it possible to ensure the region's stable development, improve safety, and reduce costs. This is the key to the successful future of the Arctic economic sector.

Our company is ready to become your partner in implementing logistics projects in the Far North. Take advantage of modern transport solutions and confidently move toward growth and success!

Publication date: 03/23/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Delivery of any cargo to the fields.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Cargo delivery to oil fields: how to overcome impassable roads, permafrost, and thousands of kilometers.

KMZ Cargo's expert logistics solutions for the oil, gas, and mining sectors.

Developing mineral deposits is always a race against time and a challenge to the elements. When it comes to the Vankor cluster, Yamal, Taimyr, or Siberia, conventional logistics systems break down. Public roads end where the real work begins.

For companies producing in challenging climates, equipment supply disruptions mean downtime and billions in losses. This is where not just transportation, but a complex engineering challenge comes into play. KMZ Cargo offers a comprehensive solution for legal entities: we deliver cargo to fields on a turnkey basis—from anywhere in Russia and around the world, using a unique arsenal of equipment, from super-heavy Mi-26 helicopters to all-terrain vehicles with low-pressure tires and seasonal winter roads.

Last Mile Logistics: The Main Challenge

The main difficulty in working with deposits lies in the so-called "last mile" (or even "last 200 kilometers"). There are no roads there, and the landscape is a jumble of swamps, taiga, and rocky outcrops.

Traditional "northern delivery" occurs during the short winter navigation window, when the ground freezes deep enough to support multi-ton trucks. However, the needs of modern projects like Vostok Oil require year-round logistics. Cargo arriving via the Northern Sea Route or by rail must be delivered to the field immediately, not six months later.

KMZ Cargo's fleet of vehicles allows us to address this issue comprehensively, combining aviation and ground equipment based on the customer's priorities: urgency, size, weight, and budget.

Air Artery: Mi-8 and Mi-26 Helicopters

When time is counted in days, not months, it comes to the rescue heavy helicopter equipmentKMZ Cargo's fleet includes legendary aircraft, specially upgraded for operation in the Far North.

Mi-26: A "Flying Crane" for Extremely Complex Missions

The Mi-26T is a unique machine, unmatched in the world in terms of lifting capacity among production helicopters. We use it for delivery of large-sized equipment, which cannot be disassembled or transported by land transport.

What we transport. Drilling rigs, crew cabins, excavators, heavy power equipment. Feature: Operating on an external sling allows us to deliver cargo weighing up to 20 tons to locations where helicopter landing is impossible due to terrain or marshy conditions. Case: If your geological exploration team urgently needs a tractor or a drilling rig in a remote area, the Mi-26 will deliver it in a single trip to a location where all-terrain vehicles would take a month.

Mi-8: The North's Workhorse

The Mi-8T and Mi-8MTV-1 helicopters are versatile performers. They are indispensable for the rapid delivery of shift crews, repair teams, and urgent cargo (spare parts, tools, food).

Advantages: High speed, ability to land on unprepared sites, and autonomy. Applications: Rapid monitoring of pipeline conditions, emergency response, and supply of remote well pads.

Ground force: snow and swamp vehicles and all-terrain vehicles

Aviation is fast, but expensive. For regular, scheduled supplies, KMZ Cargo uses a fleet of specialized snow and swamp-going vehicles. These vehicles are designed to handle Russia's rugged terrain: swampy tundra, sticky soil, and taiga.

We use modern all-terrain vehicles with ultra-low pressure tires (for example, Pickup Max models and their equivalents).

Cross-country capability. Tires with a pressure of less than 0.3 kg/cm² do not damage the topsoil or sink into swamps. The vehicles can navigate areas where tracked vehicles would get stuck. Load capacity. All-terrain vehicles can carry 4 to 15 tons of cargo, depending on the model, crossing water obstacles and moving over rocky terrain. Autonomy. Specialized equipment can operate in polar night conditions and at extremely low temperatures, providing shift camps with food, fuel, and building materials regardless of the availability of roads.

Winter roads: a seasonal highway of life

To transport truly large volumes—hundreds of thousands of tons—KMZ Cargo actively uses winter roads and ice crossings.

A winter road is more than just a road; it's a complex engineering structure. We organize convoys of trucks, delivering to the fields:

Large-diameter metal structures and pipes. Reinforced concrete products and building materials for infrastructure construction. Specialized equipment and vehicles arriving via the Northern Sea Route.

Our winter routes can span thousands of kilometers, connecting production bases with oil production facilities in the most remote corners of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Global logistics: from anywhere in the world to the field

KMZ Cargo operates not only in Russia, but also builds multimodal routes Worldwide. We'll handle shipping if your equipment is located in Europe, Asia, or the Americas.

Turnkey global delivery scheme:

International stage. Marine or air transportation To major ports or hubs in the Russian Federation (Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Vladivostok, St. Petersburg). Delivery across the Atlantic, via the Northern Sea Route, or the Trans-Siberian Railway. Transshipment. Acceptance, customs clearance, and consolidation of cargo at our warehouse facilities. Final delivery. Transportation to the field by one of the methods described above—by helicopter, all-terrain vehicle, or winter road.

Why do legal entities choose KMZ Cargo?

Working with large industrial clients requires more than just a truck, but a systematic approach and impeccable safety:

Reliability in permafrost conditions. Our equipment is adapted to extreme conditions, including extremely low temperatures and polar nights. Rapid response. Thanks to our Mi-8 and Mi-26 helicopters, we can urgently deploy a repair crew or a critical component to an emergency site within 24 hours. Complex, oversized cargo. We don't care about the weight or shape of the cargo. Whether it's a 20-ton module on an Mi-26 external sling or a drilling rig mounted on an all-terrain vehicle, we know how to deliver it. Complete legal security. We work strictly under contracts with legal entities, providing a full package of closing documents.

Conclusion

The development of the North and Siberia continues despite the lack of roads and harsh climate. KMZ Cargo serves as a bridge connecting industrial centers and ports with remote deposits.

Need to deliver a crew, a pipe, or a multi-ton excavator to Payakha, Vankor, or any other field? We have helicopters, all-terrain vehicles, and the experience to get it done on time. Call us to calculate the optimal route for your cargo—from anywhere in the world to your field site.

KMZ Cargo is your reliable partner in extreme logistics.

Publication date: 03/20/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Delivery of any cargo along the route Mongolia-Russia-Mongolia.

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: KMZ Cargo – KMZ CARGO –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

KMZ Cargo: professional logistics provider for all types of cargo delivery to Mongolia.

In today's world, international freight transport requires more than just transportation; it requires complex logistical integration, especially when it comes to destinations like Mongolia. Geographical features, climate conditions, and the specifics of the local market make shipping cargo to this country a challenge even for experienced companies. This is where KMZ Cargo, a subsidiary of the military-industrial holding company Kingisepp Machine-Building Plant, comes into play, quickly establishing itself as a reliable operator on the Russia-Mongolia route.

From defense industry to premium logistics.

The history of KMZ Cargo began in the spring of 2024, when the multi-industry holding company Kingisepp Machine-Building Plant (KMZ) decided to spin off its transportation and logistics services into a separate business unit. The parent company boasts 11 years of experience serving the Russian Ministry of Defense, the status of prime contractor for state defense contracts, and its membership in the United Shipbuilding Corporation.

KMZ Cargo was initially created to serve the holding's internal needs—the transportation of oversized cargo, such as boats, yachts, ships, diesel generators, and test rigs. However, as the company's CEO, Tatyana Damaskina, notes, "it quickly became clear that its expertise, particularly in air freight, was in demand beyond its colleagues in the mechanical engineering industry."

Full range of services for the Mongolian destination.

Today, KMZ Cargo offers a comprehensive service, which is especially valuable when working with Mongolia, a landlocked country with a complex transportation infrastructure. The company is ready to provide door-to-door delivery using all available modes of transport.

Automobile transportation

Road transport remains the primary delivery method in Mongolia, especially to remote areas and provinces. KMZ Cargo operates its own fleet of vehicles, guaranteeing quality control and on-time delivery. "We ensure the reliability and safety of every delivery thanks to professional drivers and meticulous vehicle maintenance," the company emphasizes.

Rail transportation

The Mongolian Railway (UBZhD) connects Russia with China, and this route is actively used for large-scale cargo shipments. KMZ Cargo processes SMGS consignment notes, which helps standardize the transportation process across the 1520 mm gauge railway network. According to international agreements, shipments to Mongolia can be processed according to SMGS rules, significantly simplifying the paperwork.

Sea and river transportation

Despite Mongolia being landlocked, the company actively utilizes multimodal solutions: cargo is delivered by sea to ports in the Far East (Vladivostok, Nakhodka, and Vostochny), and then transshipped onto rail platforms or trucks for the final leg of the journey to Mongolia. The company has experience working with port stations and ferry crossings, enabling it to build complex logistics chains.

Air transportation

When the urgency is critical, aviation comes to the rescue. KMZ Cargo has expertise in air transportation, including deliveries to Ulaanbaatar and other cities in Mongolia with airports capable of handling cargo flights.

Multimodal transportation

Complex routes are the company's specialty. Combining different modes of transport allows for cost-effective and time-efficient delivery, which is especially relevant for consolidated cargo or large infrastructure projects in Mongolia.

Cargo specifics: from flowers to reactor parts.

KMZ Cargo's uniqueness lies in the fact that it doesn't just transport boxes; it handles cargo of any complexity. Tatyana Damaskina emphasizes: "Now, this seemingly young company can transport, without exaggeration, all types of cargo: from flowers and animals to engines and nuclear reactor parts."

This opens up a wide range of opportunities for the Mongolian market:

Oversized cargo. Industrial equipment for the mining industry (Mongolia's main economic sector), bulldozers, excavators, and dump trucks. Hazardous cargo. Chemical reagents, fuel, and batteries. Animals and plants. Specialized transportation of livestock or pets. Perishable goods. Food and medicine. Transportation of human remains (by air) is a specialized service requiring special tact and documentation, which the company is also ready to provide.

Why is KMZ Cargo the best choice for shipping to Mongolia?

Defense-grade reliability. The company grew out of a structure serving the defense industry. Quality standards, discipline, and accountability are at the highest level. 24/7 dedicated manager. Each client is assigned a dedicated manager who is always available and knows the global location of their cargo. This is especially important given the time difference between Moscow and Ulaanbaatar. A full range of services. KMZ Cargo handles not only transportation but also packaging, labeling, warehousing, document preparation and approval, including customs clearance. A thorough understanding of the specifics of the SMGS (Small Shipment and Transport Standards) standard. Working with Mongolia requires knowledge of international railway law. The company's experience allows us to correctly process shipments through stations with transhipment, indicating the necessary notations in columns 4 and 8 of the consignment note ("For export by road," "For further transportation," etc.).

A look into the future.

KMZ Cargo isn't resting on its laurels. With strong support from the KMZ defense industry, the company plans to expand its presence in Asia, and Mongolia, as Russia's strategic partner, holds a special place in these plans.

By choosing KMZ Cargo, clients receive more than just a carrier, but a reliable partner capable of solving even the most complex logistics challenges. Whether it's delivering a large shipment of equipment for a uranium mine or transporting the personal belongings of a diplomat's family, the company guarantees that the cargo will arrive in Mongolia on time and safely.

Publication date: 03/17/2026

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

March 17, 2026. New dates for visa-free Danube cruises: Spring 2027. Discover the Danube with the "Sozvezdie" on an exclusive route from Belgrade on the CruceNova. A 35% prepayment locks in the price with the maximum seasonal discount!

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Infoflot Cruise Center – Infoflot Cruise Center –

An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dear friends,

As part of the "Discovering the World with Sozvezdie" project, we are introducing new Danube cruises on the modern CruceNova motor ship, which will run from March to May 2027.

This exclusive visa-free route, starting and ending in Belgrade, is specially designed for Russian tourists: all you need is a passport to travel to the heart of the Balkans.

Direct flights from Moscow and St. Petersburg to the capital of Serbia will save you from tedious transfers.

Spring is a wonderful time to explore the Danube: nature is awakening, there are still few tourists, and the sun already gives off a soft warmth.

In just 8 days, you will discover the rich history and unique culture of Serbia:

Get to know Belgrade, one of the oldest cities in Europe; see the picturesque banks of the Danube come alive after winter; stroll through cozy provincial towns; visit medieval monasteries and fortresses; sample national cuisine and experience the famous Balkan hospitality.

Throughout the cruise, the CruceNova will be exclusively at the disposal of Sozvezdie Cruise Line guests. On board, you'll experience a unique, intimate atmosphere in the company of like-minded people passionate about cruising and travel.

Discover the Danube with the "Constellation" on cruises from Belgrade:

An all-inclusive package tour with a maximum of services: a cruise with accommodation in a cabin of your choice, full board meals and an unlimited alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverage package, excursions along the route, port fees, transfers, and medical insurance; support, care, and attention from the group leader and accompanying staff from Sozvezdie throughout the entire itinerary – an informational chat with preparation before the cruise, meeting tourists at Belgrade airport, support throughout the tour program, and assistance with any questions onboard; service is fully Russian-language – excursions, and an onboard newspaper in Russian.

Stops along the route:

Belgrade is a city with a unique character, located at the picturesque confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers. Here, Austro-Hungarian architecture coexists with the heritage of socialist Yugoslavia, and Roman ruins coexist with monuments of the Ottoman era.
Novi Sad is the second largest city in Serbia and has been dubbed the “Serbian Athens” for its rich cultural heritage and lively atmosphere. A walk through the old town and the powerful Petrovaradin Fortress will give you vivid impressions of visiting the real “pearl of the Danube”.
Smederevo is a city at the confluence of the Danube and the Great Morava, where one of the most significant monuments of Serbian national history is located – the Smeredevo Fortress. A walk through its territory allows you to literally touch history, and from the ramparts you can enjoy a magnificent view of the Danube and its opposite bank.

Golubac is one of the most picturesque and memorable stops on the Danube route. Approaching the medieval fortress by water, as if growing out of the rocks above the Danube, is an unforgettable sight.
Kladovo is the eastern gate to the majestic Djerdap Gorge (Iron Gate), one of the main natural attractions of Europe. Passing through the gorge is always the highlight of any Danube cruise, when one of the most stunning panoramas in all of Europe opens up from the deck of the ship.
Veliko Gradiste is the starting point for an excursion to Viminacium, taking you back 2000 years to when the Danube was the northern border of the Roman Empire. Among the thermal baths, residential buildings and unique artifacts, ancient history comes to life before your eyes.

CRUISE PROGRAM AND ROUTE MAP

About the CruceNova:

The journey along the Danube will take place on a modern and comfortable motor ship, ready to accommodate up to 194 guests.

The spacious lobby, bright cabin and public area interiors, and panoramic restaurant and lounge create a relaxing and cozy atmosphere. All cabins feature French balconies offering stunning river views and unobstructed views.

The sun deck is perfect for relaxing outdoors. Here, while comfortably lounging in a sun lounger, you can admire the changing river scenery.

Also available on board are a fitness room, sauna, souvenir kiosk and library.

The TwinCruiser's special design, with the engine separated from the passenger compartment, ensures a particularly quiet and enjoyable journey.

Accommodation in a cabin of the selected category; three meals a day, including soft drinks (water, tea, coffee); an unlimited drinks package from 09:00 to 24:00 (wine, sparkling wine, beer, soft drinks, juices, mineral water), as well as daily replenishment of water in the cabin (1 liter per person per day) and water for excursions (0.5 liters per person per excursion); excursion services according to the cruise program; support of the Russian group from the cruise company "Sozvezdie"; comfortable bus transfers as per the program; medical insurance for passengers up to 64 years of age inclusive (only for citizens of the Russian Federation); on-board newspaper in Russian.

The "Constellation" promotion locks in profits:

A maximum seasonal discount of up to 13% applies to bookings from March 17 to May 1, 2026. Cruise prices on our website include the current early booking benefit. To secure the seasonal discount (fixed in euros), simply make a 35% deposit and the remaining balance no later than 60 days before the cruise.

Please note; this information is raw content obtained directly from the information source. It is an accurate account of what the source claims, and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.