Ukraine: Attacks again hit civilians and infrastructure

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October 6, 2025 Peace and security

Intensive attacks continued in several regions of Ukraine over the weekend, resulting in further civilian casualties and damage to civilian infrastructure. According to local authorities, more than ten civilians were killed and over 100 injured between October 4 and 6, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

According to the OCHA, Lviv, Zaporizhzhia, and parts of the Ivano-Frankivsk and Lviv regions came under fire on Sunday. The attacks reportedly killed and wounded civilians. Residential buildings were damaged, and basic services were disrupted. Humanitarian organizations and emergency services are working on the ground, providing emergency aid to those affected.

The UN Office also reports that fierce fighting continues in the Donetsk region, resulting in civilian deaths and injuries. Furthermore, thousands of people have been left without power in recent days due to freezing temperatures.

On Saturday, a train station in the Sumy region came under attack. Numerous civilians were reportedly injured in the attack. The UN Humanitarian Coordinator in the country, Matthias Schmale, strongly condemned the incident.

"Civilians and civilian infrastructure are protected by international humanitarian law. There is no justification for harming civilian lives. These attacks must stop," he said.

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UN chief calls for women's participation in peace talks

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October 6, 2025 Peace and security

Peace cannot be built without the participation of women, but real change in the lives of women and girls caught up in conflict is still a long way off, UN Secretary-General António Guterres said at a Security Council meeting dedicated to Resolution 1325.

The Women, Peace and Security resolution was adopted 25 years ago, in October 2000. It is a landmark document that affirms the role of women in conflict prevention and resolution and calls for their equal participation in all efforts to maintain peace and security.

"We need real results"

“Too often we gather in rooms like these, full of conviction and determination, but ultimately fail to achieve real change in the lives of women and girls caught up in conflict,” the Secretary-General said.

The UN chief emphasized that over the past 25 years, women have played a key role in mediation, legislative reform, and protecting the rights of survivors of gender-based violence. More than 100 countries have adopted national plans to implement the Women, Peace, and Security agenda, and the number of women serving in UN peacekeeping missions has doubled.

He also noted that recent years have seen an increase in military spending, armed conflicts, and violence against women and girls. According to the UN, 676 million women live within 50 kilometers of war zones—a record high in decades.

The surge in sexual violence is particularly concerning: the number of reported attacks on girls increased by 35 percent last year. The Secretary-General also noted the increase in maternal mortality in conflict zones.

He specifically addressed the situation in Afghanistan, where “the systematic exclusion of women and girls from public life is in full swing,” and also mentioned the critical situations in the occupied Palestinian territories, Sudan, Haiti and Myanmar.

The Secretary-General is concerned that women-led organizations are being deprived of resources, even though they provide vital support to millions of people. According to the UN, 90 percent of such groups in conflict zones are experiencing financial difficulties, and almost half are at risk of closing within six months.

The Secretary-General called for women's participation in peace negotiations and emphasized that women's role in peacebuilding is irreplaceable.

“The world doesn’t need more reminders of this truth – it needs real results that reflect it.”

Sima Bacchus: "Opponents of equality are against the future"

UN Women Executive Director Sima Bacchus stated at a Security Council meeting that support for the principles of equality and women's participation in peacebuilding remains strong globally, despite pressure. She emphasized that even in Afghanistan, the majority of citizens—women and men—support girls' right to education.

"Even in Afghanistan, our monitoring data shows that 92 percent of Afghans – both women and men – believe that girls should have the opportunity to receive secondary education," Bacchus said.

She noted that despite the severe restrictions, Afghan women retain hope for the future.

The head of UN Women stated that the normalization of misogyny in politics and conflict is not an inevitable trend: "Some believe the growth and normalization of misogyny in politics and conflict is unstoppable. This is not the case. Those who oppose equality do not own the future—it is ours."

Photo by UN

Bacchus stressed that the situation for women and girls could get worse before it gets better, primarily due to conflict and reduced humanitarian funding.

Despite this, she emphasized that women continue to be a driving force for peace. For example, in Haiti, women achieved near-equal representation in the new electoral council, and in Chad, they doubled their presence in parliament. Syria adopted an interim constitution guaranteeing the protection of women's rights, and Ukraine implemented gender-responsive budgeting.

Sima Bacchus called on states to increase investment in women's organizations, especially at the grassroots level. She emphasized that for 25 years, the global community has focused too much on international institutions, neglecting movements within countries. The head of UN Women proposed measuring progress not by declarations, but by concrete results – the number of women at the negotiating table and access to justice.

"When women lead, peace comes," Bacchus said.

Robotic tractors and combines will help protect agricultural workers.

Olga Uskova, President of the Russian company Cognitive Pilot, a leading developer of AI-powered autonomous ground transportation systems and AI-powered service robots, also spoke at the Security Council. The company produces "artificial brains" for tractors, combine harvesters, and sprayers, enabling modern machines to perform a full range of agricultural tasks without human intervention.

According to Uskova, women in Russia have historically been actively involved in the most complex and cutting-edge scientific and technological fields. Of the 73 patents registered by Cognitive Pilot in robotics and AI, 28 belong to teams led by women.

She recounted her trip to Kigali, Rwanda, seven years ago, as well as a recent trip to Belgorod: "Some Belgorod children and their mothers are experiencing panic attacks, bedwetting, and forced to switch to distance learning," Uskova said.

"We're deploying robotic tractors and combines all over the world so that no one's parents will ever be blown up in fields by mines and war drones while growing grain. And so that the little ones of Belgorod will always smile when they greet their living parents coming home from work. So that the children of Africa will eat bread grown in Russia and no longer die of hunger or bombs," she added.

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UN High Commissioner for Refugees: The right to asylum cannot be questioned

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October 6, 2025 Refugees and migrants

Filippo Grandi addressed the Executive Committee of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Geneva for the last time as its head. The UN High Commissioner for Refugees summed up a decade marked by rising numbers of internally displaced people, declining humanitarian funding, and a crisis of confidence in international cooperation.

He recalled that since his appointment in 2015, the number of people forced to flee their homes due to conflict and persecution has almost doubled, reaching 122 million.

Crisis of confidence and the rise of isolationism

Anti-immigrant sentiment has grown stronger over the decade, fueled by "manipulation and politicization" and "people's general disillusionment with the institutions that are supposed to represent them," Grandi said.

Read also:

World Refugee Day: One in 67 people on the planet is forced to flee

"We see how the pendulum of state behavior has swung from cooperation to transactional politics," he noted.

The High Commissioner stressed that “the atrocities committed in Gaza, the West Bank, Ukraine, Sudan and Myanmar demonstrate the abandonment of norms in the name of violence.”

Protection of international law

Grandi warned against trying to revise Convention relating to the Status of Refugees of 1951, calling it a "catastrophic mistake."

"The right to seek asylum wasn't invented 75 years ago. The moral obligation to provide shelter to those fleeing danger is enshrined in sacred texts around the world," he said.

The High Commissioner stressed that the principles of sovereignty and the right to asylum do not contradict but complement each other.

He also recalled that three-quarters of all refugees are not in Europe or North America, but in low- and middle-income countries.

The UN representative noted that the Global Compact on Refugees, adopted in 2018, has become a tool for practical solutions.

The financial crisis and its consequences

Grandi called financial situation humanitarian agencies "as a result of political decisions with disastrous consequences." The High Commissioner noted that the amount of funds available to UNHCR has been estimated to have fallen to $3.9 billion in 2025, a decrease of $1.3 billion from the previous year.

The High Commissioner reported that due to resource shortages, more than 5,000 staff had to be laid off and programs to prevent gender-based violence, provide psychosocial support, support schools, and resettle refugees had to be suspended. He warned that such drastic cuts in foreign aid would create a domino effect, destabilizing countries and institutions.

"We must not put up with war."

Grandi noted that, despite the crisis, UNHCR continues reforms aimed at simplifying coordination mechanisms and increasing operational efficiency. He emphasized that the Office is actively involved in developing a roadmap for reforming the humanitarian system and strengthening cooperation with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), including in Afghanistan, North Africa, and Latin America.

In the final part of his speech, Filippo Grandi turned to examples that inspire hope: the return of Syrian refugees, peace efforts in the Great Lakes region and growing opportunities for recovery.

“We must not put up with war, even if it seems inevitable,” he stressed.

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World Habitat Day: More than 300 million people worldwide lack a home

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October 5, 2025 Sustainable Development Goals

According to the UN, approximately one in eight people on the planet lives in informal settlements, and more than 300 million people have no home at all. The United Nations is reminding us of this ahead of World Habitat Day, which will be celebrated on October 6.

This day is held annually on the first Monday in October. It aims to remind the world of every person's right to decent housing, as well as the importance of developing cities and other populated areas.

Housing problems aren't limited to developing countries. For example, in wealthy countries like the United States, many young people can't afford decent housing.

Forced migrants

In 2025, the Day will be held under the theme "Urban Solutions for Crisis." The UN is drawing attention to scalable solutions to the challenges of forced displacement.

In his message on the occasion of the Day, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres noted: “Conflict, political instability and the climate emergency have forced 123 million people to flee their homes, with most seeking safety in already struggling cities and towns.”

Urban solutions

The Secretary General emphasized that it is cities that are capable of offering effective solutions.

"A city isn't just brick buildings. It's the promise of home," he said, calling for "more resilient cities where everyone feels safe and in their place."

As part of World Humanitarian Day, events aimed at promoting effective urban solutions will be held at the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) headquarters in Nairobi. The focus will be on the importance of urban and territorial planning, inclusive urban governance, and the role of local authorities in improving conditions for internally displaced persons.

Additionally, the fifth meeting of the UN Mayors' Forum, under the theme "Cities Shaping the Future," will take place at the Palais des Nations in Geneva on October 6–7. Mayors from around the world will gather to share experiences and jointly develop recommendations highlighting the key role of cities and local governments in shaping a sustainable future.

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WHO and partners have released new recommendations to prevent deaths from postpartum hemorrhage.

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October 4, 2025 Healthcare

Leading reproductive health organizations today presented new guidelines calling for a radical rethinking of approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). The document emphasizes the need for earlier detection and rapid intervention—measures that could save tens of thousands of women each year.

Excessive bleeding after childbirth is one of the leading causes maternal mortality – affects millions of women annually and causes approximately 45,000 deaths. Even if PPH is not fatal, it can cause serious and long-term health problems, ranging from organ dysfunction to hysterectomies (uterine removal) and post-traumatic stress disorder.

"Postpartum hemorrhage is the most dangerous complication of childbirth because it develops with astonishing speed. While it cannot always be predicted, deaths can be prevented with the right care," said Dr. Jeremy Farrar, Assistant Director for Public Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Control at the World Health Organization (WHO).

Early diagnosis and rapid response

New guidelines developed by the WHO, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), and the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) introduce updated criteria for diagnosing PPH. They are based on the largest study on the topic, also published today in the medical journal The Lancet.

Traditionally, PPH was diagnosed with blood loss of 500 ml or more. Now, doctors and midwives are advised to take action at 300 ml of blood loss if abnormal vital signs are observed. To detect PPH early, specialists are advised to closely monitor women after childbirth and use special wipes to accurately measure blood loss.

Once diagnosed, it is recommended to apply immediately. MOTIVE action package, including uterine massage, the use of oxytocin to stimulate contractions and tranexamic acid (TXA) to reduce bleeding, intravenous fluids, examination of the genital tract, and transition to advanced treatment if bleeding continues. In rare cases, surgical interventions or blood transfusions may be required.

Prevention and risk reduction

The guidelines emphasize the importance of high-quality antenatal and postnatal care to reduce risk factors such as anemia. Anemia, which is common in low- and middle-income countries, increases the risk of PPH and worsens its consequences. Women with anemia are recommended to take daily iron and folic acid supplements during pregnancy and, if necessary, intravenous iron transfusions.

The document also warns against unsafe practices such as routine episiotomy (perineal incision) and recommends preventative methods such as perineal massage in late pregnancy to reduce the risk of injury and severe bleeding.

During the third stage of labor, the use of a high-quality uterotonic (a drug that stimulates uterine contractions) is recommended, preferably oxytocin or heat-stable carbetocin. If intravenous medications are unavailable, misoprostol can be used as a last resort.

The recommendations, along with accompanying training materials, were presented at the FIGO 2025 World Congress in Cape Town, South Africa.

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World Space Week kicked off on Saturday.

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October 4, 2025 Economic development

From October 4th to 10th, the world celebrates World Space Week—the largest annual event dedicated to scientific and technological advances in space exploration. This year, the week's theme is both a challenge and a dream: "Life in Space."

The idea of transforming space into a living environment no longer seems like science fiction. The week focuses on innovative technologies, international collaboration, and environmental solutions that bring humanity closer to life beyond Earth. Organizers around the world are preparing educational seminars, panel discussions, and interactive projects to inspire a new generation of engineers, scientists, and dreamers.

The origins and meaning of the Week

World Space Week was established by the UN General Assembly in 1999 (resolution 54/68) as a way to highlight the contribution of space technology to improving life on Earth. The dates were chosen for a reason: on October 4, 1957, the first artificial satellite was launched, and on October 10, 1967, the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space—a kind of "Magna Carta of Space"—came into force.

Today, space technologies are actively used in the work of more than 25 UN agencies and the World Bank Group. They help address sustainable development challenges, respond to humanitarian crises, and achieve the Millennium Development Goals.

The UN and Space: From Resolutions to Real Projects

Since the dawn of the space age, the UN has strived to harness the potential of outer space for the benefit of humanity. The first resolution on the peaceful uses of outer space was adopted in 1958. Today, the UN Office for Outer Space Affairs, part of the UN Vienna Office, is responsible for coordinating international efforts.

The Office maintains the Register of Objects Launched into Space and serves the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, the only UN body dedicated exclusively to this topic. The Committee includes two subcommittees: Scientific and Technical and Legal, ensuring a comprehensive approach to space exploration issues.

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Dimash Kudaibergen's world tour will draw attention to the problems of migrants and displaced persons.

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Source: United Nations – United Nations –

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October 3, 2025 Refugees and migrants

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) announced the launch of a new initiative in collaboration with its Goodwill Ambassador, world-renowned Kazakh singer Dimash Kudaibergen. During his upcoming world tour, the artist will draw attention to global humanitarian crises and the challenges faced by millions of migrants and internally displaced persons.

As IOM emphasized, collaboration with the singer will not only highlight the problems of people caught in crisis but also raise funds to support the agency's work.

"Dimash believes in the power of music to unite people, no matter where they come from," said IOM Director General Amy Pope. "His commitment as an IOM Goodwill Ambassador reflects our shared belief that migration is part of our shared human history. Everyone deserves the opportunity to contribute, be part of society, and build a better future for themselves and their communities."

Read also:

UN: The already dire situation of internally displaced persons has worsened

As part of the partnership, Kudaibergen will raise awareness of IOM's humanitarian programs aimed at saving lives, helping those affected by crises, and creating a safe environment for building a dignified future. At the tour's concerts, attendees will be able to scan a QR code that will lead to a dedicated IOM donation page. All funds raised will be used exclusively to support the organization's work.

The world tour kicks off on October 5th in New York City at Madison Square Garden and continues in Mexico City, Barcelona, London, and Berlin. The concerts are expected to attract thousands of fans from all over the world.

"Music reminds us of what unites us," noted Dimash Kudaibergen. "Together, we can champion the rights of vulnerable people around the world and inspire solidarity and support for those who need it most."

IOM hopes the artist's voice and international reach will help mobilize concrete action in support of the millions of people living in displacement and crisis.

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UN: Colombia will continue its path to peace with international support

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October 3, 2025 Peace and security

The UN Security Council discussed the progress of the peace process in Colombia. The newly appointed Special Representative of the Secretary-General to the country, Miroslav Jenča, emphasized that, with the support of the international community, Colombia will continue its progress toward peace and security.

He noted the Council's key role: "The Security Council's involvement has been fundamental to the peace process in Colombia. I look forward to working closely with the Council."

Jenča thanked the Colombian government for its cooperation with the UN Verification Mission in Colombia. The Secretary-General's report presented to the Council, the Special Representative recalled, acknowledges the country's efforts and the need for decisive steps to fully implement the peace agreement.

Jencha said he visited Colombia in September to gain an understanding of the situation. During his visit, he met with government officials, various political forces, and civil society representatives in Bogotá and locally.

The authorities acknowledged that the implementation of the agreement remains incomplete and requires decisive action by the state.

Former fighters of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the leaders of the political party formed from them (Comunes) reaffirmed their commitment to peace at meetings, while expressing concern about growing security threats. They declared their readiness for a peaceful return to society.

Jencha emphasized the importance of reintegrating more than 11,000 former FARC fighters. Despite the deaths of nearly 500 of them since the signing of the agreement, most remain committed to peace and are creating joint projects with local communities.

The Special Representative recalled: "Consolidating peace in Colombia after decades of conflict is a complex, ongoing process. And today, the country is entering a delicate period that poses additional challenges."

In conclusion, the Special Representative emphasized the importance of the UN mission: “As I was told repeatedly during my visit, the Mission’s presence builds trust.”

He expressed confidence that the Mission would be able to continue its key role in supporting peace while adapting to new challenges.

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Global food prices fell in September

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October 3, 2025 Economic development

Global food prices fell slightly in September, according to new data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The main factor driving the decline was a drop in sugar and dairy prices.

The FAO Food Price Index, which tracks monthly changes in international prices of key food commodities, stood at 128.8 points in September, slightly below the August level of 129.7. Year-on-year, the index increased by 3.4 percent.

Grains: Stability amid record harvests

The grain price index fell 0.6 percent compared to August. Global wheat prices have fallen for the third consecutive month, amid weak demand and large harvests in leading producing countries.

Corn prices fell on forecasts of ample supplies and the temporary waiver of export duties in Argentina. Rice prices fell by 0.5 percent due to reduced purchases by the Philippines and African countries.

Vegetable oils and dairy products are getting cheaper

The vegetable oil price index fell by 0.7 percent, driven by falling palm and soybean oil prices. Malaysia has accumulated significant palm oil reserves, and Argentina has increased soybean exports. Meanwhile, sunflower and rapeseed oil prices increased slightly.

Dairy product prices fell by 2.6 percent. Butter prices fell particularly significantly, by seven percent, reflecting the end of the ice cream season in the Northern Hemisphere and favorable production forecasts in Australia and New Zealand. Powdered milk prices fell due to weak demand and increased competition in export markets. Cheese prices fell slightly.

Meat is getting more expensive

The meat price index rose 0.7 percent, reaching a record high – it's now 6.6 percent higher than a year ago. Beef, for which demand remains strong in the US, has risen particularly significantly. This is stimulating imports, supporting price growth. Lamb prices also increased, while pork and poultry prices remained stable.

Sugar: Lowest prices since March 2021

The sugar price index fell 4.1 percent, reaching its lowest level in four and a half years. This was driven by record production in Brazil, as well as favorable harvest forecasts in India and Thailand, thanks to abundant monsoon rains and expanded planting areas.

Forecasts for 2025: Growth in grain production and trade

In its report, the FAO presented updated forecasts for global cereal production in 2025. Total production is expected to reach 2,971 million tonnes, up 3.8 percent from last year and the largest annual increase since 2013. The increase will be driven by increased wheat harvests in Australia, maize in the United States, and rice in India.

Grain consumption in 2025/26 is projected at 2.93 billion tonnes, with sufficient reserves for both food and feed. Global grain reserves by the end of the 2026 season could reach 900.2 million tonnes, with rice reserves reaching record levels.

According to FAO estimates, international cereal trade will grow by 2.5 percent to reach 497.1 million tonnes. The main contributor will be an increase in wheat trade, while rice exports will decline due to lower demand in Asia and Africa amid good local harvests and large purchases made earlier in 2025.

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Ukraine: Attacks on key infrastructure disrupt power supplies as cold snap approaches

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October 2, 2025 Peace and security

Over the past two days, massive attacks on major Ukrainian cities have caused significant damage to civilian infrastructure and disrupted power supplies amid the approaching cold snap, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported on Thursday.

According to Ukrainian authorities, at least 90 civilian deaths and injuries were recorded across the country from September 30 to October 2. A large-scale attack in Dnipro on September 30 injured more than 30 people, including a child, and damaged numerous residential buildings.

In the northern and northeastern regions – Chernihiv, Kyiv, and Sumy – the strikes left nearly 300,000 people without power. The Ukrainian Ministry of Energy also reported a temporary disruption to the power supply, which is critical for maintaining safe conditions at the deactivated Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.

In the Odesa region, the aftermath of the attacks was exacerbated by heavy rains, which caused widespread flooding. According to authorities, 10 people died, including a family with a child who had previously been forced to flee their home. The UN Humanitarian Coordinator in the country, Matthias Schmale, expressed his condolences to all those who lost loved ones and commended the prompt efforts of the Ukrainian Red Cross and local authorities.

To help those affected by the floods and strikes, more than a dozen Ukrainian and international non-governmental organizations, with the support of UN agencies, mobilized emergency assistance, providing medical, psychological, and legal support, as well as shelter materials.

OCHA reminds that in order to provide assistance to the most vulnerable people in Ukraine, the humanitarian community needs stable support from donors.

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