Translation. Region: Russian Federation –
Source: United Nations – United Nations –
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October 21, 2025 Climate and environment
Air pollution remains one of Kyrgyzstan's most pressing environmental and health issues. In the capital, Bishkek, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels regularly exceed World Health Organization standards.
In this regard, the Second National Multistakeholder Dialogue on Air Quality was held in Bishkek on October 21. More than 100 participants from across the country—experts, government representatives, local authorities, civil society, international organizations, and other institutions—focused on the issue of transport emissions.
Pollution risks and factors
PM2.5 particles (particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter) contain substances such as sulfates, nitrates, and black carbon, which penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular system. Exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, especially among children, the elderly, and those with chronic diseases.
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Air pollution leads to millions of premature deaths every year.
While heating is the main source of pollution in Bishkek in winter, according to the World Bank and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the transport sector accounts for a significant share during the warmer months. Factors exacerbating the situation include an aging vehicle fleet, low-quality fuel, ineffective traffic management, and limited alternatives to private transportation.
Recommendations and next steps
Opening the event, Minister of Natural Resources, Ecology, and Technical Supervision Meder Mashiev emphasized that air quality is not only an environmental priority but also an economic, social, and humanitarian one. During the dialogue, practical recommendations were developed to accelerate action to combat transport-related air pollution, which will be part of the national plan for 2026–2027.
UN Resident Coordinator in the Kyrgyz Republic Antje Grawe noted the timeliness of the dialogue ahead of the winter season and emphasized the importance of ensuring sustainable measures to improve air quality throughout the year, as well as expanding efforts beyond Bishkek to all cities in the country, particularly in the transport sector. She emphasized that the UN system, together with Member States, the Asian Development Bank, and the World Bank, continues to support the government's efforts.
Aidai Kurmanova, Head of the UNEP Regional Office for Central Asia, noted that switching to cleaner fuels, electrifying public transport, and developing pedestrian and cycling infrastructure will ensure cleaner air and bring immediate benefits to human health and the climate. She also confirmed that UNEP will continue to work closely with other UN agencies, the government, and development partners to promote science-based and data-driven solutions to combat air pollution in Bishkek and across the country.
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