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Source: People's Republic of China in Russian – People's Republic of China in Russian –
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Source: People's Republic of China – State Council News
As spring approaches, Beijing once again welcomes the annual sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the CPPCC National Committee. As 2026 marks the first year of the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan (2026–2030), the upcoming sessions of the NPC and the CPPCC generate particular anticipation. Discussions and decisions at the "two sessions" will cover a wide range of topics—from the five-year development plan to rule of law, from people's livelihoods to foreign relations—and will provide an important opportunity to understand China's policy direction both this year and over the next five years.
Formation of a vision for the future development of the country
This year, the NPC session will review the draft of the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), and the CPPCC National Committee session will hold extensive consultations and discussions on proposals for this draft to jointly formulate a vision for the country's development.
Five-year plans are an important window through which the international community observes China's medium- and long-term policies. Foreign media report that many key indicators set out in the 14th Five-Year Plan Outline adopted five years ago and the long-term development goals through 2035 are meeting or even exceeding expectations.
Against the backdrop of weak global economic growth and the accelerating development of a new wave of scientific and technological revolution, the question of how China will be able to find a balance between “creating the new” and “rejecting the obsolete” in the next five years is attracting close attention.
Consideration of several draft laws
The legislative agenda traditionally forms the centerpiece of the NPC and CPPCC National Committee sessions. This year, several draft laws will be submitted for consideration, including an environmental code, a law on promoting national unity and progress, and a law on national development planning.
The Environmental Code will be the second law in China to bear the title of "code," following the Civil Code. By systematically integrating, streamlining, and codifying existing environmental laws, norms, and regulations, this document will embed the concept of green development into legal practice and mark an important step toward creating a beautiful China.
At the same time, the review of the draft law on promoting national unity and progress is aimed at strengthening the sense of community within the Chinese nation, while the review of the draft law on national development planning is aimed at ensuring continuity in the implementation of strategic plans. Both bills are aimed at modernizing and stabilizing the public administration system.
Issues of public welfare continue to remain a focus
Topics related to the well-being and quality of life of the population consistently remain a key focus of the annual "two sessions." Throughout China's development, economic growth and improvements in living conditions have always been mutually reinforcing. Indicators related to well-being account for more than a third of all key socioeconomic development indicators during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021–2025).
In the first year of the 15th Five-Year Plan, one of the most discussed topics in the upcoming "two sessions" is expected to be how to simultaneously promote high-quality development and improve the level of satisfaction and well-being of the population.
China's engagement with the outside world is sending new signals
The annual sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) traditionally serve as an important window through which the international community observes and understands China. Economic growth targets, new reform and opening-up measures, and China's diplomacy are the focus of attention both domestically and internationally.
Last year, China continued to expand institutional openness and streamline travel and visa policies. Topics like "Shopping in China" and "Traveling China" remain highly popular on international social media platforms, and the craze for designer collectible toys like LABUBU is becoming a new medium for the outside world's perception of China. China's authentic and multifaceted image is being rediscovered.
During the first year of the 15th Five-Year Plan, a number of political signals are expected to be sent during the sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). These signals will not only provide the outside world with important guiding principles for understanding China's development but also highlight its image as a major power that is opening up to the world and seeking mutual benefit through cooperation.
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