Translation. Region: Russian Federation –
Source: United Nations – United Nations –
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January 14, 2026 Climate and environment
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has officially confirmed that 2025 will be among the top three warmest years on record. Thus, the trend of global warming continues: the last 11 years have been the hottest on record, and the rise in ocean temperatures shows no signs of slowing.
According to an analysis of data from eight independent sources, the average global surface temperature in 2025 was 1.44 degrees Celsius above the 1850–1900 average. Two sources ranked 2025 as the second-warmest year in the 176 years of data collection, while the other six ranked it third.
Records in all respects
The period 2023–2025 was recorded as the warmest in all eight databases. The average temperature over these three years exceeded the pre-industrial level by 1.48 degrees. A similar trend is observed on a longer time scale: 2015–2025 were the eleven hottest years on record.
WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo noted that 2025 began and ended with a La Niña cooling phase, but even this did not prevent it from becoming one of the warmest years ever recorded. She noted that the accumulation of greenhouse gases continues to warm the atmosphere, while high land and ocean temperatures intensify extreme weather events—from heat waves to tropical cyclones—highlighting the need for effective early warning systems.
Global warming
A separate study published in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences found that ocean temperatures in 2025 also reached record levels. Approximately 90 percent of the excess heat caused by global warming accumulates in the ocean, making it a key indicator of climate change. Heat content in the upper two kilometers of the world's oceans increased by an amount comparable to 200 times the global electricity generation for the same year.
Particularly strong warming was observed in the tropical and southern Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea, the northern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean.
The average global sea surface temperature in 2025 was 0.49 degrees Celsius above the 1981–2010 normal and the third-highest on record, despite a slight decrease compared to 2024 due to the influence of La Niña.
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