Translation. Region: Russian Federal
Source: United Nations – United Nations –
An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.
October 7, 2025 Economic development
Today, October 7, is World Cotton Day. This year, the observance will focus on the vast opportunities offered by the cotton sector, including its vital contribution to international trade and inclusive economic growth.
Cotton is more than just a fiber used to make T-shirts and jeans. It's a strategic resource, playing a vital role in the global economy, social sustainability, and international trade. It supports the livelihoods of over 100 million families worldwide and helps address key sustainable development challenges.
The Cotton Industry: An Engine of Inclusive Growth
At all stages of the cotton value chain, the industry creates jobs, particularly in rural areas, empowers women and youth, and promotes local processing. Women make up approximately 43 percent of cotton workers, particularly active in planting and harvesting in Africa and Asia. The use of by-products, such as cottonseed oil and feed components, increases profits and unlocks the industry's economic potential.
To improve the sustainability and efficiency of cotton farming, investment in research, digitalization, innovation, and improved governance is essential. This isn't just modernization—it's a path to a more equitable and environmentally friendly future, where cotton becomes not just a commodity but also a tool for social progress.
Global cotton production in 2024 reached 26 million tonnes, of which over nine million tonnes were exported. In value terms, production is valued at over $75 billion annually, and trade volume is approximately $20 billion. The largest exporters are Brazil and the United States, while the main importers are Bangladesh and Vietnam. The top five producers are China, India, Brazil, the United States, and Pakistan, accounting for over 75 percent of the global total.
Cotton vs. Synthetics: The Battle for the Market
Although cotton accounted for 60 percent of global fiber consumption in the 1960s, its share had fallen to 22 percent by 2024. This is due to the growing popularity of synthetic materials such as polyester, which now ranks first in terms of consumption. Nevertheless, cotton remains the second most popular fiber in the world. About 80 percent of cotton is used in clothing, and the remaining 20 percent is used in home textiles and industrial goods.
International cotton trade must be open, transparent, fair, and non-discriminatory. Only under such conditions can sustainable livelihoods be secured for millions of people, especially in low-income countries. Closer coordination across the entire supply chain—from field to store—enhances efficiency, transparency, and the value of products.
World Cotton Day highlights the historical, economic and social significance of this product, draws attention to the industry's problems and demonstrates how cotton helps achieve the goals 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentThis day is an opportunity to support farmers, improve nutrition, protect the environment, and ensure a decent life for everyone on Earth.
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