Translation. Region: Russian Federal
Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –
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Specialists have begun repair work on the facades of the National Hotel, a cultural heritage site of federal significance, located at 15/1 Mokhovaya Street, Building 1.
"The building of the National Hotel is a striking example of eclecticism. When it opened in 1902, the hotel was the most expensive, prestigious and modern in Moscow. Representatives of government, high-ranking military personnel, important foreign guests and famous cultural figures stayed here. Restorers will put its facades in order: they will clean the plaster and paint layers, stucco decor and forged elements. In addition, they will complete the granite in the basement and carry out work on the drainage system. The renovation is planned to be completed in 2026," said the head of the Moscow City Department of Cultural Heritage (Mosgornasledie).
All work is carried out under the supervision of the Moscow City Heritage Department. Up to the second floor, specialists will use a tower, and on the upper floors, climbers.
Reflection of the 1920s
The grand opening of the hotel took place at the end of December 1902, and in January 1903 the first guests moved in.
Its facades are made in the eclectic style, which is typical for the work of the architect Alexander Ivanov. During construction, he used several technological innovations. For example, coal dust and rosin soap were added to the plaster for the decorative details of the facades, increasing its moisture resistance. The design solution of the main staircase was also original, the flights of which on the lower floors were made without a supporting beam (stringer) – the steps were attached to a metal console structure embedded in the wall.
The hotel was equipped with modern equipment of that time: elevators were installed, both passenger and service (utility lifts), telephones were installed in all rooms. The most prestigious rooms – suites – were located on the third floor, they had their own bathrooms and expensive furniture.
In 1918, after the capital was moved to Moscow and the government moved there, the hotel was nationalized and renamed the First House of Soviets. Representatives of various people's commissariats were accommodated in the rooms – in fact, the hotel turned into a hostel for Soviet officials.
From mid-1931 to the end of 1932, the building was reconstructed and the decorative interior design was restored in connection with the return of its original function – the opening of the National Hotel.
Today, the hotel's interiors feature historic stained glass windows, fireplaces with marble portals, lighting fixtures and artistic metalwork from the 1900s, as well as antiques from the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The building's true decorations are the majolica panel with an industrial theme from the 1930s on the figured attic of the rounded corner part of the building and four majolica panels "Seasons". They are included in the subject of protection of this historical monument.
In addition, the architectural and artistic design of the interiors from the 1900s has been preserved: the main entrance vestibule, elevator halls and stairwells of the main staircase on the floors. Four sculptures of atlantes on pedestals flanking the elevator blocks in the first floor vestibule, openwork gratings with plant motifs of the elevator openings on the landings of the main staircase, wall rustication, gilded stucco decor with floral motifs on the walls, ceilings and stair stringers, stucco ceilings with coffers, rosettes, profiled panels, gilded ceiling cornices, parquet, as well as heating radiators from the early 20th century have remained intact.
The hotel rooms with decorative finishing and artistic paintings on the walls and ceilings also survived, including a stucco ceiling with the composition “The Triumph of Juno” in room 115 on the third floor and a frieze with the plot “Bacchus on a wooden bicycle” in room 207 on the fourth floor.
The preservation and renovation of the building corresponds to the goals of the national project "Infrastructure for life". More information about national projects and the capital's contribution can be found at special page.
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