Translation. Region: Russian Federal
Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –
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The complex of buildings of the Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1 of the 19th–20th centuries (now the Moscow Crystal Factory) was among the 142 identified cultural heritage sites. In total, the Unified State Register of Cultural Heritage Sites includes 3,975 historical buildings and structures. All monuments are under state protection. Their owners and tenants are obliged to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage sites and maintain them in accordance with the approved subject of protection.
Moscow State Wine Warehouse
The complex of buildings of the Moscow Crystal Plant is located on Samokatnaya Street (house 4, buildings 1, 2, 9, 11, 13, 14, 32 and an unnamed building). This is a monument of industrial architecture from the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, which previously had another name – Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1. It was erected on the bank of the Yauza River in Lefortovo and became the largest enterprise in the industry.
The oldest buildings that have survived to this day date back to 1851–1876. The main part of the production buildings was created by the architect Nikolai Faleev and the civil engineer Viktor Velichkin.
In 1894, on the initiative of the Minister of Finance of the Russian Empire, Sergei Witte, a state monopoly on the production and sale of alcoholic beverages was introduced in the country. In 1901, it also affected Moscow.
After the introduction of prohibition in 1914 during the First World War, Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1 continued to manufacture products for medical and technical needs and for export abroad. Several buildings of the plant were given over to housing the wounded.
Since 1925, the production of strong alcoholic beverages has been resumed here. During the Great Patriotic War, the Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1 bottled Molotov cocktails and produced dry alcohol. On July 22, 1941, a bomb hit its main building. The building burned almost completely inside and was restored only by 1950.
In January 1987, Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1 was renamed the Crystal Plant. In 2013, the Crystal Plant's production facilities were transferred to the Kashirsky District of the Moscow Region. However, the head office remains located in Moscow on Samokatnaya Street.
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